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Cited by 80Vector-borne infectious diseasesBartonella species infections researchViral Infections and Vectors

Pathogens in ticks collected from dogs in Berlin/Brandenburg, Germany

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Schreiber, Cécile, Krücken, Jürgen, Beck, Stephanie, Maaz, Denny, Pachnicke, Stefan, Krieger, Klemens, Gross, Marcus, Kohn, Barbara +1 more·2014·Parasites & Vectors
DOI 10.1186/s13071-014-0535-1PMC PMC4262381
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tick-borne diseases are a major health risk for humans and dogs. In addition to collection and analysis of questing ticks, analysis of host-associated ticks for the presence of pathogens is a valuable method to gain insight into transmission patterns of tick-borne diseases. METHODS: Ticks were collected from dogs living in the Berlin/Brandenburg area. The three tick species Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes hexagonus and Dermacentor reticulatus were examined for the presence of Babesia spp., Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasmataceae. Conventional PCR followed by sequencing was used for pathogen detection and characterization. RESULTS: Babesia spp. were found in 2.5% and 3% of I. ricinus and I. hexagonus, respectively. Sequencing revealed the presence of Babesia microti, Babesia capreoli and Babesia venatorum. D. reticulatus were free of Babesia canis. Rickettsia spp. were detected in 61% of I. ricinus, 44% of I. hexagonus and 39% of D. reticulatus. Specifically detected were Rickettsia raoulti in D. reticulatus and I. hexagonus, Rickettsia helvetica in I. ricinus and I. hexagonus and Rickettsia monacensis in I. hexagonus. Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis have been reported previously in I. ricinus (6.5% and 4.3%, respectively) and I. hexagonus (3.9% and 5.9%). Borrelia spp. were found in 11.6% of I. ricinus and 11.2% of I. hexagonus. Subsequent genospecies analysis revealed Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia miyamotoi. Simultanous presence of more than one pathogen was found in 20% of I. ricinus and in 59% of I. hexagonus whereas the total frequency of any pathogen was 65% in I. ricinus, 59% in I. hexagonus and 64% in D. reticulatus. Ticks in which A. phagocytophilum was detected had a significantly increased risk of also containing Rickettsia. Ticks harbouring a pathogen had significantly higher scutal indices than ticks without presence of any pathogen. CONCLUSIONS: Frequencies of potential human or canine pathogens in ticks were considerable and DNA of all four groups of pathogens was detected. Differences in scutal indices might suggest that pathogens are frequently taken up by ticks when feeding on dogs in Berlin/Brandenburg.

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  • In studies of pet-associated ticks, Rickettsia spp. was detected in 18.4 and 14.1% of Ixodes ticks in Italy and Belgium, respectively, while over 50% of I. ricinus were positive for Rickettsia spp. in Poland and Germany; Dermacentor ticks were pathogen-negative in Belgium, but 39% of D. reticulatus were found to be Rickettsia-positive in the study in Germany.

    “Interestingly, in studies of pet-associated ticks, Rickettsia spp. was detected in 18.4 and 14.1% of Ixodes ticks in Italy and Belgium, respectively, while over 50% of I. ricinus were positive for Rickettsia spp. in Poland and Germany; also, Dermacentor ticks were pathogen-negative in Belgium, but 39% of D. reticulatus were found to be Rickettsia–positive in the study in Germany [20–23].”

    From Tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs, Latvia, 2011–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

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  • The spectrum of detected pathogens was compatible to those reported recently in dog-associated ticks collected in Germany, Italy, Belgium and Poland.

    “The spectrum of detected pathogens was compatible to those reported recently in dog-associated ticks collected in Germany, Italy, Belgium and Poland [20–23].”

    From Tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs, Latvia, 2011–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Schreiber, C., Krücken, J., Beck, S., Maaz, D., Pachnicke, S., Krieger, K., Gross, M., Kohn, B., & von Samson-Himmelstjerna, G.
Affiliations
  • Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
  • Bayer (Germany) (DE)
  • Elanco Animal Health (Germany) (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Parasites & Vectors
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-12
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
535-535
ISSN
1756-3305 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13071-014-0535-1
PMC
PMC4262381
OpenAlex
W2169303777
Cited by
80
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI
4.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Parasites & Vectors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Universitätsbibliothek der FU Berlin Hochschulschriftenstelle u. Dokumentenserver (cc-by)
Funders
Freie Universität Berlin
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bartonella species infections research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Vectors
Keywords
tick-borne pathogens, dogs, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes hexagonus, Dermacentor reticulatus, Babesia, Borrelia, Rickettsia, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, co-infection, pathogen prevalence, Berlin-Brandenburg, tick-borne transmission
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Germany, Humans, Tick Infestations, Zoonoses, Tick-Borne Diseases, Ixodidae

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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