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Cited by 46Obesity, Physical Activity, DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Dietary factors associated with metabolic syndrome and its components in overweight and obese Brazilian schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study

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Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena, Gabriel, Gleice Fernanda Costa Pinto, Moreto, Fernando, Corrente, José Eduardo, McLellan, Kátia Cristina Portero, Burini, Roberto Carlos·2016·Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
DOI 10.1186/s13098-016-0178-9PMC PMC4995765
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been assessed since childhood mainly because of the nutritional and epidemiological transition that has occurred worldwide. Our objectives were to explore the MS and its components according to anthropometric and demographic factors and to assess the relationship among MS components and dietary characteristics in overweight and obese schoolchildren. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study which included 147 schoolchildren (aged 6-10 years) from three elementary schools, with body mass index (BMI) higher than the 85th percentile. Sexual maturation stages, anthropometric measures (weight, height, skinfold thickness and waist circumference), biochemical data (glucose, HDL-C and triacylglycerol), blood pressure and dietary intake were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed if three or more of the following components were presented: waist circumference ≥90th age and sex-specific cut-off, blood pressure ≥90th age, sex and height-specific cut-off, glucose ≥100 mg/dL, HDL-C ≥ 40 mg/dL and triacylglycerols ≥ 110 mg/dL. The dietary intake was assessed by three non-consecutive 24-h recalls. The T test, Kruskal-Wallis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to assess MS components and dietary intake. RESULTS: The MS percentage was 10.2 % and it was higher in obese children and ones with high body fat percentage. The waist circumference was the main altered component of MS and 62 % of overweight schoolchildren showed at least one altered component of MS. The components of metabolic syndrome associated with dietary intake were triacylglycerol (positive association with saturated and monounsaturated fat, whole-milk products and processed foods and negative associated with legumes and polyunsaturated fat), glycemia (positive association with processed foods and negative with cereals), HDL-C (positive association with vegetables and greens) and waist circumference was negative associated with protein. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of MS was higher in obese than overweight schoolchildren and the frequency of at least one MS component was high in more than half of our subjects. The waist circumference was the most frequent among all other components. The triacylglycerol and glycemia were the most frequent MS components associated with dietary intake. Unprocessed food was considered a protective dietary factor for MS metabolic components and processed food with high percentage of sugar and saturated fat was a risk factor for MS metabolic components.

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  • The Egg-Vegetable dietary pattern's low sugar content aids in the prevention of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and diabetes.

    “Furthermore, the low sugar content inherent in this dietary pattern aids in the prevention of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and diabetes [42].”

    From Impact of Dietary Patterns on Metabolic Syndrome in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study (2024) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Results report an association between processed foods high in sugar and fat and higher glycemia; the Discussion links high sugar intake to insulin resistance. But the paper does not establish that an Egg-Vegetable pattern is low in sugar or that it prevents insulin resistance or diabetes. The study is cross-sectional, so its associations do not demonstrate prevention. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Authors
Rinaldi, A. E. M., Gabriel, G. F. C. P., Moreto, F., Corrente, J. E., McLellan, K. C. P., & Burini, R. C.
Affiliations
  • Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (BR)
  • Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (BR)
  • Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) (BR)
Corresponding author
Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
ORCID
Venue
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-08-24
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
58-58
ISSN
1758-5996 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13098-016-0178-9
PMC
PMC4995765
OpenAlex
W2516302611
Cited by
46
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3
FWCI
2.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, childhood obesity, dietary intake, waist circumference, triglycerides, glycemia, HDL cholesterol, processed foods, saturated fat, dietary fat, unprocessed foods, Brazilian children

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