Causal discovery and inference: concepts and recent methodological advances

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Predicting Cancer Risks By A Constraint-Based Causal Network

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Using Causal Discovery to Design Agent-Based Models

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Time-Reversal Enhanced Dynamic Causality Distribution Learning and Its Application in Identifying Dynamic ECNs in MCI Patients

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Causal Latency Modelling for Cloud Microservices

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White-Boxed Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Unsupervised Causal Model

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Anomaly Tracing Method Based on Attention-Based Postnonlinear Causal Model

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Simulate intelligently: Causal incremental reinforcement learning for streamlined industrial chemical process design optimization

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Causal discovery methods in psychological research: Foundations, algorithms, and a practical tutorial in R

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Causal Discovery in Observational Medical Research: Scoping Review

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Incorporating Proportional Sparse Penalty for Causal Structure Learning

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Directed Cyclic Graph for Causal Discovery from Multivariate Functional Data

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A Weighted Ensemble Causal Discovery Method for Effective Connectivity Estimation

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Spatio-temporal multivariate cluster evolution analysis for detecting and tracking climate impacts

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Evaluating causal‐based feature selection for fuel property prediction models

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Knowledge discovery in data and causal models in analytical informatics

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Modeling psychopathology: 4D multiplexes to the rescue

Kästner, L. (2022) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-022-04008-y · Cited by 5

Individualized causal discovery with latent trajectory embedded Bayesian networks

Zhou, F., He, K.-J., & Ni, Y. (2023) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/biom.13843 · Cited by 3

Towards real-world haze removal with uncorrelated graph model

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Investigating Causally Augmented Sparse Learning as a Tool for Meaningful Classification

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A common framework for learning causality

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Normalized Multivariate Time Series Causality Analysis and Causal Graph Reconstruction

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Causality Refined Diagnostic PredictionPreprint

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algcomparison: Comparing the Performance of Graphical Structure Learning Algorithms with TETRADPreprint

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Evidence-based Prescriptive Analytics, CAUSAL Digital Twin and a Learning Estimation AlgorithmPreprint

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The Nature of Information, Semantics, and Effectiveness for Artificial Intelligence and CognitionPreprint

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Generative Neural Networks to infer Causal Mechanisms : algorithms and applications

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Bayesian Network for Discovering the Potential Causal Structure in Observational Data

Ding, C. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56318-8_11 · Cited by 1

A Heterogeneous Effects Analysis Method of Highway Crash Factors Based on Causal Framework

Liang, X., Li, S., Xu, N., Guo, X., & Pu, Z. (2025) · SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series · doi:10.4271/2025-01-7185 · Cited by 1

Bayesian differential causal directed acyclic graphs for observational zero-inflated counts with an application to two-sample single-cell data

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Driving Attitude of Tunnel Boring Machines: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Causal Discovery Prediction Approach

Chen, J., Love, P. E. D., Luo, H., & Fang, W. (2026) · Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering · doi:10.1061/jccee5.cpeng-6898 · Cited by 1

Complementary causal approaches to support biodiversity change attribution

Thomas, A., Thuiller, W., & Gonzalez, A. (2026) · Nature Reviews Biodiversity · doi:10.1038/s44358-026-00146-0 · Cited by 1

A novel ensemble regressor and causal analysis for predicting the compressive strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete

Çiftçioğlu, A. Ö., Ünverdi, M., Mardani, N., & Mardani, A. (2026) · Ain Shams Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.asej.2026.104196 · Cited by 1

CVS-MSFE: Environment-aware anomaly identification for deformation monitoring data from cracked concrete dams using causal variable screening and multiscale feature extraction

Fang, Y., Chen, L., Li, Y., Li, Y., Shao, C., Gu, C., Su, C., Yin, S., Wang, Y., & Gu, H. (2026) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2026.105180 · Cited by 1

Do Causal Concentration-Response Functions Exist?

Cox, L. A. (2020) · International series in management science/operations research/International series in operations research & management science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57358-4_15 · Cited by 1

The underlying causal network from global dyadic events: allies and rivals in international relations

Jiang, L. (2020) · IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA) · doi:10.1109/ispa-bdcloud-socialcom-sustaincom51426.2020.00155 · Cited by 1

Conditional Independence-based Causal Discovery Algorithm for Few-Shot Feature Selection

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Causal Inference in Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation: A Pilot Study

Liu, L., Chen, Y., & Ding, X. (2022) · doi:10.1145/3560071.3560073 · Cited by 1

Causal Inference in Biostatistics

Han, S., & Zhou, X. (2022) · Springer handbooks of computational statistics · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65902-1_11 · Cited by 1

Causal Inference Preliminary

Yao, L., Chu, Z., Li, Y., Gao, J., Zhang, A., & Li, S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35051-1_2 · Cited by 1

Structural Relationships between Asthma and Dental Caries in Children: A Birth Cohort Study in Southern Brazil

Agostini, B. A., Sarkis‐Onofre, R., Ortiz, F. R., Corrêa, M. B., Peres, M. A., Peres, K. G., Santos, I. S., Matijasevich, A., Barros, F. C. L. F., & Demarco, F. F. (2024) · Caries Research · doi:10.1159/000535953 · Cited by 1

Causal Fairness-Guided Dataset Reweighting using Neural Networks

Zhao, X., Broelemann, K., Ruggieri, S., & Kasneci, G. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData) · doi:10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386836 · Cited by 1

Causal Label Enhancement

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Tree-based additive noise directed acyclic graphical models for nonlinear causal discovery with interactions

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Unraveling Networks: The Conceptual Incoherence of the Network Approach

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What is the Cause for a Defect to be Re-Assigned?

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Assessing Causality Structures learned from Digital Text Media

Maisonnave, M., Delbianco, F., Tohmé, F., Maguitman, A. G., & Milios, E. (2020) · ACM Symposium on Document Engineering (DocEng) · doi:10.1145/3395027.3419594 · Cited by 2

CausalNLP Tutorial: An Introduction to Causality for Natural Language Processing

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Bayesian Causal Inference.Preprint

Kurthen, M., & Enßlin, T. A. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 1

Feedback System Neural Networks for Inferring Causality in Directed Cyclic GraphsPreprint

Schoenberg, W. A. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1908.10336 · Cited by 2

On the Gap between Epidemiological Surveillance and PreparednessPreprint

Yanushkevich, S. N., & Shmerko, V. P. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.03845 · Cited by 1

Machine Reasoning to Assess Pandemics Risks: Case of USS Theodore RooseveltPreprint

Lai, K., & Yanushkevich, S. N. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.11040 · Cited by 1

Risk Factors for Progression to Alzheimer’s Disease in African Americans in a Large National CohortPreprint

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A novel method for Causal Structure Discovery from EHR data: A demonstration on type-2 diabetes mellitusPreprint

Shen, X., Ma, S., Vemuri, P., Castro, M. R., Caraballo, P. J., & Simon, G. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-486814/v1 · Cited by 1

Learning how to act: making good decisions with machine learning

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Causally interpretable multi-step time series forecasting: A new machine learning approach using simulated differential equations.Preprint

Schoenberg, W. A. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University)

Causal Discovery by Kernel Intrinsic Invariance MeasurePreprint

Chen, Z., Zhu, S.-Y., Liu, Y., & Tse, T.-S. (2019) · arXiv.org · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1909.00513 · Cited by 1

Cause-Effect Pairs in Time Series with a Focus on Econometrics

Dorémus, N., Moneta, A., & Cattaruzzo, S. (2019) · The Springer series on challenges in machine learning · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21810-2_5

Causal Discovery of Photonic Bell Experiments

Daley, P. (2020) · UWSpace (University of Waterloo)

Causal inference from data. On some inadequacy problems of structures with hidden causes

Balabanov, O. S. (2020) · PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING · doi:10.15407/pp2020.02-03.392

Tools Of Causal Inference: Review and Prospects

Bespala, O. M. (2020) · Control Systems and Computers · doi:10.15407/csc.2020.05.052 · Cited by 2

How do some Bayesian Network machine learned graphs compare to causal knowledge?Preprint

Constantinou, A. C., Fenton, N., & Neil, M. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2101.10461

A Uniformly Consistent Estimator of non-Gaussian Causal Effects Under the k-Triangle-Faithfulness AssumptionPreprint

Wang, S., & Spirtes, P. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2107.01333

Deep Bayesian Estimation for Dynamic Treatment Regimes with a Long Follow-up TimePreprint

Lin, A., Jie Lu, B., Xuan, J., Zhu, F., & Zhang, G. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2109.11929

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Detecting and quantifying causal associations in large nonlinear time series datasets.

Xia, J. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.736995851.793572127

From temporal data to dynamic causal models

Balabanov, O. S. (2022) · PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING · doi:10.15407/pp2022.03-04.183

Robust inference of causality in high-dimensional dynamical processes from the Information Imbalance of distance ranksPreprint

Tatto, V. D., Fortunato, G., Bueti, D., & Laio, A. (2023) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2305.10817

Research on causal network modeling methods for command information systems

Shi, X., Wu, J., & Lu, Y. (2023) · International Conference on Green Communication, Network, and Internet of Things (CNIoT) · doi:10.1117/12.3010598

Inferência bayesiana e causal do tempo para apresentação, transferência interinstitucional e destorção manual no prognóstico cirúrgico da torção testicular

Filho, A. C. D. (2021) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2021.1164466

Causality Encourages the Identifiability of Instance-Dependent Label Noise

Yao, Y. K., Liu, T., Gong, M., Han, B., Niu, G., & Zhang, K. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35051-1_11

When to Observe or Act? Interpretable and Causal Recommendations in Time-Sensitive Dilemmas

Odell, A. M., Forney, A., Raglin, A. J., Basak, S., & Khooshabeh, P. (2024) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-62110-9_11

Management of Type 2 Diabetes -- Applications of Machine Learning and Electronic Medical Records-based Analytics

Dekamin, A. (2024) · doi:10.32920/26052736.v1

Older Couples’ Life History Strategies: Dynamic Relational Linkages Between Extraversion and Strong Ties

Das, A. (2024) · Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology · doi:10.1007/s40750-024-00250-5

New analytical approaches to life course epidemiology

Börnhorst, C., Wright, M. N., & Didelez, V. (2025) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198895961.003.0005

Handling Causal Tasks by Large Language Models: From Discovery to ReasoningPreprint

Xu, Y., Chen, H., Wang, Y., Wu, H., Wang, S., & Liu, L. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5222342

Subjective religiosity and perceived control in later life

Das, A. (2025) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103223

CAMI: A Missing Value Imputation Method Based on Causal Discovery and Self-attention

Liu, Y., Cao, Y., Zeng, Z., Yu, B., & Cai, M. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-8889-0_30

Causal Discovery on the Effect of Antipsychotic Drugs on Delirium Patients in the ICU using Large Observational EHR Dataset

Adib, R., Gani, M. O., Ahamed, S. I., & Adibuzzaman, M. (2025) · IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) · doi:10.1109/compsac65507.2025.00031

Robustness of Causal Discovery Algorithms: a Testbed Study on NFV Systems

Zhang, T., Rinaldi, D., Aghasaryan, A., & Pianese, F. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning for Communication and Networking (ICMLCN) · doi:10.1109/icmlcn64995.2025.11139849

Generative Causality-Driven Network for Graph Multi-Task Learning

Lin, X., Yu, Q., Cao, Y., Zou, L., Zhou, C. D., Wu, J. X., Li, C., Zhang, P., & Pan, S. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3610096

Probabilistic anticipation of AMOC transitions under critical forcing magnitudes and rates via deep learning

Zhang, W., Huang, Y., Bathiany, S., Shin, Y., Ben‐Yami, M., Zhou, S., & Boers, N. (2026) · Chaos Solitons & Fractals · doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2026.118374

CausalSynG: Multivariate Collaborative Causal Inference With Dynamic Knowledge-Data Synergy for Industrial Soft Sensors

Wang, W., Yang, C., Lou, S., & Yang, Y. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3632430 · Cited by 2

A Causal Inference Framework for Power System Reliability Assessment under Uncertainty

Liu, J., & Eftekharnejad, S. (2025) · North American Power Symposium (NAPS) · doi:10.1109/naps66256.2025.11272189

Machine Learning Identifies Distinct Treg-Mediated Remodeling in HFpEF Hearts Treated with Neonatal Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their SecretomePreprint

Ge, Z., Han, J., Takaesu, F., Mishra, R., Sharma, S., Chen, L., Fu, X., Filipp, M. E., Wai, C. M., Shao, N., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.29.702616

Agent-guided Causal Discovery with a Small Language Model

Mossop, B., & Choudhury, S. (2025) · International Conference on Foundation and Large Language Models (FLLM) · doi:10.1109/fllm67465.2025.11391103

How Robust are Large Language Models Against Word-Level Spurious Correlations? A Causal Discovery Approach

Miao, X., Li, Y., Kang, H., Xu, M., Wen, J., Ren, Y., & Qian, T. (2026) · Machine Learning · doi:10.1007/s10994-026-07011-3

Overview of mediation methods: from estimands to estimations

Lepage, B., Colineaux, H., Garès, V., Bodinier, B., Delpierre, C., & Chadeau‐Hyam, M. (2025) · Exposome · doi:10.1093/exposome/osag010

Causal Discovery between time series

ASSAAD, K. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c7e983aczcc5fz4b21zb027z438c49c3371e

Dialogue Control and Its Consequences: Grounding, Policy, and User Perception in Persuasive Chatbots

Legaspi, R., Zeng, D., & Ikeda, K. (2026) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3772363.3799055

Technical note: A framework for causal inference applied to solar radiation and temperature effects on measured levels of gaseous elemental mercury in seawater

Heyn, H.-M., & Mastromonaco, M. N. (2026) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-26-4785-2026

Data-driven causal structure discovery to generate causal hypotheses and strengthen causal inference in exposome studies

Kakhaia, S., Portengen, L., Oberski, D. L., Chadeau‐Hyam, M., & Vermeulen, R. C. H. (2026) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2026.110290

CaDRO: Causal-Guided Dimensionality Reduction for Scalable Multi-Objective Pareto Optimization

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Data Analytics

Müller-stein, L. F. (2025) · Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-446-48216-6_3

A Critique of Sadek’s Defense of the Moral/Conventional Distinction: The Role of Perceived Harm

Li, H. (2026) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-026-00659-2

CausalShift: A Modular, Plugin-Based Framework for Dataset Shift Handling in Machine Learning

Song, S., Pozi, M. S. M., & Farid, N. (2026) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16157604

What Really Drives Behavior Change? A Causal Analysis of Impaired Driving Prevention Factors Using Machine Learning and Survey Data

Zeng, L., Yan, R., & Marin-Artieda, C. C. (2026) · Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board · doi:10.1177/03611981261472791

A hybrid expert-data causal Bayesian network approach for fault diagnosis in complex industrial processes

Ciampi, F. G., Oulhaj, R., & Diallo, T. (2026) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2026.134773

A Simultaneous Discover-Identify Approach to Causal Inference in Linear Models

Zhang, C., Chen, B., & Pearl, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1609/aaai.v34i06.6595 · Cited by 5

Causal Discovery with Linear Non-Gaussian Models under Measurement Error: Structural Identifiability Results.

Zhang, K., Gong, M., Ramsey, J., Batmanghelich, K. N., Spirtes, P., & Glymour, C. (2018) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) · Cited by 9

Causal Discovery beyond Conditional Independence: Identifiability, Algorithms, and Statistical Inference for Directed Acyclic and Cyclic GraphsPreprint

Ni, Y. (2026) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.23543

Causal Discovery from Subsampled Time Series with Proxy Variables

Liu, M., Sun, X., Hu, L., & Wang, Y. (2023) · neural information processing systems · doi:10.52202/075280-1880 · Cited by 2

Causal Discovery in Linear Structural Causal Models with Deterministic RelationsPreprint

Yang, Y., Nafea, M., Ghassami, A., & Kiyavash, N. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.00341