Treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bahawalpur, Pakistan; a record review
Open accessAbstract
Background: There is limited published data form Pakistan on treatment success rate among extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients. The aim of this study was to assess clinical form, treatment outcomes, and identify the factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcome among EPTB patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Chest Disease Unit of the Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Pakistan. Medical records of EPTB patients, registered at the study site from January 1, 2015 to September 30, 2017, were reviewed to obtain the data. Final treatment outcomes among EPTB patients were evaluated in accordance with the standard Word Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcome. Results: A total of 651 EPTB patients were included in the study. Highest proportion of patients had pleural TB (n = 217, 33.3%). Out of the total 651 patients, 463 (71.1%) successfully completed the treatment. Among 177 (27.2%) patients with unfavorable treatment outcome, 10 (1.5%) died, while 165 (25.4%) lost to follow-up the treatment. Lymph node TB (AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.422, 0.989) and meningeal TB (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.065, 4.144) were significantly associated with unfavorable treatment outcome. Conclusion: The treatment success (favorable outcome) rate among EPTB patients was less than the target (i.e., ≥ 90%) set by the WHO. Highest proportion of patients lost to follow-up during the treatment.
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The treatment success rate in this study (91.02%) was higher than in Bhutan (90.0%) and a previous Indian study (90.5%).
“we found that the overall treatment success rate for epTB patients was 91.02%, which is slightly higher than the target of at least 90% set by the WHO and also higher than study conducted in Bhutan (90.0%) and previous study in India (90.5%)5.”
From Prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and factors influencing successful treatment outcomes among notified cases in South India (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Atif, M., Fatima, R., Ahmad, N., & Babar, Z.-U.-D.
- Affiliations
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur (PK)
- University of Balochistan (PK)
- University of Huddersfield (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Atif, Muhammad
- Venue
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-07-24
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35-35
- ISSN
- 2052-3211 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7382058
- OpenAlex
- W3044138736
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
- World Health Organization
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Keywords
- extrapulmonary tuberculosis, treatment outcomes, treatment success rate, tuberculous lymphadenitis, tuberculous meningitis, loss to follow-up, risk factors for treatment failure, Bahawalpur
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