Positive postpartum depression screening practices and subsequent mental health treatment for low-income women in Western countries: a systematic literature review
Open accessAbstract
PROBLEM STATEMENT AND SIGNIFICANCE: Left undiagnosed and/or untreated, the short-and long-term sequelae of postpartum depression may negatively impact both mother and child. In Western countries, access to mental health care is influenced by socioeconomic factors. The objective of this systematic literature review is to compile factors that hinder and improve access to postpartum depression treatment in low-income women after a positive screen for postpartum depression. The key question of focus is: what are the characteristics associated with access to mental health treatment for low-income women with a positive postpartum depression screen in Western countries? METHODS: A PRISMA-based systematic literature review was conducted of studies published in English before February 2016 that looked at treatment for postpartum depression in low-income women who had been identified with the condition. PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched using MESH and key terms and found 100 articles that met the selection criteria. After review by two independent researchers, 18 studies with 17 unique populations were included in the literature review. RESULTS: Two independent abstractors searched the included articles for themes surrounding impediments and advantages for low-income women identified with postpartum depression in obtaining mental health treatment. Characteristics of successful mental health treatment included studies that employed the use of a home visitor and those that separated outcomes for women with previous mental health treatment. Themes that emerged as treatment obstacles included cultural barriers, physical barriers, systemic health care barriers, and social barriers. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This review will help to better inform screening and treatment priorities for those in the medical field who may encounter women experiencing postpartum depression and are not aware of the various barriers to care specific to low-income women. This review will also help policymakers identify specific obstacles that are not addressed in postpartum screening mandate policies which can affect the implementation of these policies.
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Marginalized populations with limited resources are at increased risk for perinatal mental health conditions.
“Attendance is lower among marginalized populations who may have limited resources [64, 65]; these populations are also at increased risk for perinatal mental health conditions [9, 66].”
From Factors associated with postpartum depression symptoms following antepartum hospitalization (2026) · cites this paper as [66]
The Background reports that women living in poverty have postpartum depression two to four times as often as middle- or upper-income women, and identifies racial and ethnic minorities among those disproportionately at risk. This supports the claim for postpartum depression, but the source does not establish increased risk across perinatal mental health conditions generally. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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(2023) · Journal of Science Policy & Governance · doi:10.38126/jspg2301
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Winter Standard Issue 2023-2024
(2024) · Journal of Science Policy & Governance · doi:10.38126/jspg2401
Wang, L., Li, L., Lin, G., Zhou, Y., He, J., Xue, X., Duan, K., Li, Q., & Wang, S. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5055978
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Yager, R. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85493-5_603-1
Maternal Mortality Trends in Kerala, India: A Descriptive Epidemiological AnalysisPreprint
Shahana, K. P., & Balamurugan, J. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8400791/v1
- Authors
- Hansotte, E., Payne, S. I., & Babich, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hansotte, Elinor
- Venue
- Public Health Reviews
- Published
- 2017-01-31
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-3
- ISSN
- 0301-0422 (ISSN-L)
- 2107-6952
- PMC
- PMC5809911
- OpenAlex
- W2585240890
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Public health reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Publisher
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- postpartum depression, postpartum depression screening, low-income women, access to mental health care, barriers to care, home visiting, cultural barriers, socioeconomic factors, Western countries
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