The DOI matches its Crossref record; 70 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
LMS-enabled blended learning utilization in distance tertiary education: establishing the relationships among facilitating conditions, voluntariness of use and use behaviour
Open accessAbstract
Abstract Distance education has evolved partly through technologies that defined them in the various generations of distance education delivery. However, in the twenty-first century, the use of Learning Management System (LMS) has changed the face of distance education delivery. Even the traditional face-to-face based distance education mode is now adopting the LMS as a mediating technology between instructors and students. However, in the usage of LMS-enabled blended learning, several factors have been cited in the literature as enablers towards actual usage of LMS technology. Factors such as facilitating conditions, voluntariness of use and actual use behaviour have been important in contemporary literature. Despite their importance, the chasm in the literature is the nuances existing in terms of relationships between these three factors. This study fills the gap by defining a model based on the three factors to provide an in depth empirical study on their relationships and how they influence LMS-enabled blended learning uptake of distance education by tutors. The study thus employs a cross country survey to collect data from 267 tutors and offer analysis by way of a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. The study revealed important relationships among facilitating conditions, voluntariness of use and use behaviour of LMS-enabled blended learning such that facilitating conditions predicted voluntariness of use and actual use behaviour; voluntariness of use determined actual LMS use behaviour for blended learning in distance education. The study finally provided recommendations based on the findings for policy and practice of LMS-enabled blended learning in distance education.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In the context of AR-assisted CBT, accessible devices, stable network conditions, appropriate usage environments, and timely technical support may reduce perceived barriers and improve students’ confidence in using the system [101,102].”
From Advancing Undergraduate Student Mental Healthcare of Social Anxiety Disorder: Evaluating the Acceptance of AR-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Through TAM-Based Constructs. (2026) · cites this paper as [102]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View1
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/30036540 · Cited by 45,035 · cited 9×
“Accordingly, we leverage on the views of Chiu and Ku (2015) and Venkatesh et al. (2003) to explain that the presence of enabling conditions such as internet availability, technological support, organizational/management support, motivation etc., has a propensity to enhance individuals ’…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialA new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 · Cited by 38,459 · cited 2×
“Henseler, Ringle, and Sarstedt (2015) recommend a higher assessment version of discriminant validity to be the Heterotrait-Monotrait-Ratio (HTMT).”
BackgroundInfluentialRogers, E. M., Singhal, A., & Quinlan, M. M. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203710753-35 · Cited by 37,670
Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research
Robinson, P. M. (2007) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00096.x · Cited by 23,362
Valente, T. W. (2003) · Genetics in Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.gim.0000061743.67794.c4 · Cited by 20,559
Determining sample size for research activities
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316447003000308 · Cited by 18,930 · cited 1×
“According to Krejcie and Morgan (1970), the minimum sample size for a population of 400 is about 196 respondents.”
BackgroundVenkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y. L., & Xu, X. (2012) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/41410412 · Cited by 15,756 · cited 1×
“Items were modified from Venkatesh et al. (2003) and Venkatesh et al. (2012).”
Moore, G. C., & Benbasat, I. (1991) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.2.3.192 · Cited by 9,150 · cited 1×
“Voluntariness of Use is defined as “ the degree to which use of the innovation is perceived as being voluntary, or of free will ” (Moore & Benbasat, 1991, p. 195; Ramayah, 2010).”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Adkins, S. S. (2013). The Africa market for self-paced eLearning products and services: 2011-2016 forecast and analysis Available at: http://www.ambientinsight.com/Resources/Documents/AmbientInsight-2011-2016-Africa-SelfPaced-eLearningMark-et-Abstract.pdf.
- Africa American Institute (2015). A report card on the progress, opportunities and challenges confronting the African education sector State of Education in Africa Report 2015.
- Ellis, R. K. (2009). Field guide to learning management systems, ASTD learning circuitsRetrieved 7th June, 2017 from http://www.astd.org/~/media/Files/Publications/LMS_fieldguide_20091.pdf.
- Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling methodology in the social sciences, (4th ed., ). New York: Guilford Publication.
- Martin, J. (2009). Developing course material for online instruction of adults. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 5(2), 364.
- Oakes, K. (2002). E-learning: LCMS, LMS- They’re not just acronyms but powerful systems for learning. Training & Development, 56(3), 73–75.
- Sharma, A., & Vatta, S. (2013). Role of learning management systems in education. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(6), 997-1002.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–142 of 142
Aydemir, M., Başman, M., UĞURHAN, Y. Z. C., & Hamutoğlu, N. B. (2025) · Distance Education · doi:10.1080/01587919.2024.2442014 · Cited by 1
“Bervell and Arkorful (2020) underscore the significance of enabling conditions, including resource accessibility and assistance, in fostering the voluntary use of learning management systems (LMS) within blended learning environments.”
Annamalai, N., Hashim, M., Yatim, S. A. M., Raju, G., Yunus, N. M., & Kamal, S. S. L. A. (2025) · Library Hi Tech · doi:10.1108/lht-01-2024-0036 · Cited by 1
University Students’ Perceptions of the B-Learning Methodology
Freitas, A. V., Neves, A. J. R., Viseu, F., Lemos-Silva, M., Oliveira, N., Alves, C., Abreu, A. L., & Carvalho, P. (2025) · Participatory Educational Research · doi:10.17275/per.25.67.12.5 · Cited by 1
INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION IN THE UNIVERSITIES
Medeshova, А. (2024) · Pedagogy and Psychology · doi:10.51889/2960-1649.2023.15.4.011 · Cited by 1
AI Educational Support Framework for At-Risk Media Students
Assad, A. (2025) · International Conference on e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning · doi:10.1109/ic4e65071.2025.11075419 · Cited by 1
“Previous research illustrated how the lack of adequate educational support frameworks negatively affects student creativity, which compounds the educational challenges faced by ‘at - risk’ students [14].”
Владимирович, Х. А., Андреевич, С. Г., & Михайлович, Ц. Е. (2020) · Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal · doi:10.21440/0536-1028-2020-8-121-129 · Cited by 1
New system of higher engineering education in Germany
Berlin, & Lukas, V. A. (2021) · Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal · doi:10.21440/0536-1028-2021-6-98-107 · Cited by 1
Schoology-based Blended Learning in Academic Writing Class during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Prihandoko, L. A. (2022) · JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia) · doi:10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v11i1.33739 · Cited by 1
“…related to the lecturer’s role are consistent with the previous study that underline the blended learning depend on how lecturer can act as tutor as well as facilitator to promote autonomous learning, which become one of the educators’ roles (B Bervell & Arkorful, 2020; Lapitan et al., 2021).”
ResultInvestigating the interconnectedness among elements of face-to-face tutorials in distance education
Somuah, B. A., Segbenya, M., Arhin, V., & Ampofo, S. Y. (2022) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-09-2021-0369 · Cited by 1
Antwi-Boampong, A. (2024) · doi:10.54337/aau708311121 · Cited by 2
Koranteng, U. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6088026 · Cited by 2
Zhou, Z., Zhou, Y., Ouyang, B., Man, S. S., & Chan, A. H. S. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14131978
“In the context of AR-assisted CBT, accessible devices, stable network conditions, appropriate usage environments, and timely technical support may reduce perceived barriers and improve students’ confidence in using the system [101,102].”
Using UDL in Graduate Programs in Education to Erode Pedagogical Tension and Contradictions
Fovet, F. (2021) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-7106-4.ch021
(2021) · International Journal of Education and Knowledge Management · doi:10.37227/ijekm-2020-03-38
Mulyana, N. (2022) · Sphota Jurnal Linguistik dan Sastra · doi:10.36733/sphota.v14i1.3548
Knowledge management and its influence on academic performance at higher level, Peru
Campos, M. D. V., Polo, F. A. E., Pingo, G. E. C., Vera, M. C. M., Muñóz, C. A. C., Vega, E. A. N., Lozano, P. P., & Zedano, W. J. C. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns4.10724
Analysis of design elements in universal course shell templates of high-ranking universities
Konstantinidis, A., & |, |. (2022) · Knowledge Management & E-Learning An International Journal · doi:10.34105/j.kmel.2022.14.019
Mugandila, P. A., Raphael, G., & Yonazi, J. (2022) · International journal of business management and economic review · doi:10.35409/ijbmer.2022.3439
“…available to promote the adoption, use, and continued use of technology or eLearning systems by Mahali et al ., (2019); Muhisn et al ., (2019); Bervell & Arkorful, (2020); Jung & Lee, (2020); Kamaghe et al ., (20200; Mutarubukwa & Mazana, (2020); Tella et al ., (2020); Watjatrakul, (2020);…”
MethodGestión del conocimiento en el desarrollo de competencias docentes de Julcán, Perú
Rosas, V. H. F. (2023) · EVSOS · doi:10.57175/evsos.v1i3.41
Using Learning Management System to Motivate Merchant Ship Crew to Learn Maritime English
Rosedi, S. R. B. H. M. (2022) · KMI International Journal of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries · doi:10.54007/ijmaf.2022.14.2.163
BodhiTree – An Effective Learning Management System for Implementing Active Learning Strategies
Chaware, P., & Agavekar, R. (2022) · Journal of Engineering Education/Journal of engineering education transformations/Journal of engineering education transformation · doi:10.16920/jeet/2022/v36is1/22173
Consumer Behavior in Using Instant Funds: Insights from a Triandis Model Analysis
Purnomo, A. S., Condrobimo, A. R., & Hartono, H. (2023) · doi:10.1109/icoict58202.2023.10262489
Fadholi, M., Zulaikha, S., & Robby, D. K. (2023) · Perspektif Ilmu Pendidikan · doi:10.21009/pip.372.1
“Additionally, it is important to pay attention to the methods used as they can stimulate potential and talents, thereby addressing the needs and challenges of technological advancements (Bervell & Arkorful, 2020).”
MethodChen, Y., & Yingsoon, G. Y. (2023) · International Conference on University Teaching and Learning (InCULT) · doi:10.1109/incult59088.2023.10482532
“Facilitating conditions prepare enabling learning environments to support online learning [9].”
BackgroundMisri, M. A., Arrasyid, F. I., & Sofhya, H. N. (2024) · Journal of Research in Science and Mathematics Education (J-RSME) · doi:10.56855/jrsme.v3i1.978
Students’ Integrated Science Process Skills and Argumentation in Basic Natural Science Lecture
Asih, F. E., Novita, D., & Ardhana, I. A. (2022) · Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran · doi:10.23887/jpp.v55i1.35979
“The utilization of technology is humanizing humans, which means that technology is developed based on the community’s problems (Bervell & Arkorful, 2020; Wahyuningsih et al., 2020).”
BackgroundAsfani, K., Sofyan, M. A. H., Suswanto, H., Elmunsyah, H., Patmanthara, S., Hidayat, W. N., Wahyono, I. D., & Awang, H. B. (2024) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0214066
Abdulghani, S. R., Alshabanah, M., Alrajhi, D., Alkhaldi, H., Ghanem, R., Gohari, M., Abas, A., Alshorman, B. A., Salah, A. B., & ShoShan, H. A. (2024) · Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture · doi:10.70082/esiculture.vi.1615
Li, M., & Zhu, L. (2025) · International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews · doi:10.60027/ijsasr.2025.5294
Antonio, M. L. (2025) · International Journal of Research Studies in Education · doi:10.5861/ijrse.2025.25837
Learner's perception of task difficulties in technology-mediated task-based language teachingPreprint
Butarbutar, R. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5359404
Diffusing student performance in using blended learning models in higher learning
Mukhithi, A., Phahlane, M. M., & Malungana, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2025.1655941
Arhin, V., Ampofo, S. Y., Oppong, S., Senyametor, F., Kaedabi‐Donkor, R., & Dabone, K. T. (2025) · European Journal of Education · doi:10.1111/ejed.70267
Catapang, R. C., Repollo, N. A. M., Redondo, J. R., & Buenafe, M. L. (2025) · International Conference on Educational Technology (ICET) · doi:10.1109/icet67421.2025.11380768
“Additionally, it is noteworthy to highlight that SI in LMS use is also affected by student behavior, which affects volunteer use [14].”
Social Media Integration in Ghanaian Higher Education: Current Practices and Instructor Perspectives
Ananga, P., Salifu, I., Boateng, J. K., Agyekum, B., & Edward, B. (2025) · Africa Education Review · doi:10.1080/18146627.2026.2618810
“…mature institutional digital ecosystems (e.g., North America, South Africa, Malaysia), Ghana’s higher education system operates in an environment of infrastructural constraints such as inconsistent Wi-Fi access, student device limitations, and underdeveloped LMS support (Bervell and Arkorful 2020).”
Armah, J. K., Bervell, B., Mireku, D. O., & Annamalai, N. (2026) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-026-06828-6
“Nonetheless, Saputra et al. 2021; Bervell and Arkorful (2020), found a direct positive and signi fi cant relationship between facilitating conditions and behavioural intention.”
Biliaminu, B. M., Olaniyan, M. F., Odegbemi, C. D., & Odegbemi, O. B. (2026) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-025-00781-3 · Cited by 1
“Governments and educational institutions must implement policies that prioritize teacher training, curriculum digitalization, and student support services to maximize the potential of LMS [9–12].”
Chat-based interaction in virtual classes: EFL students’ perceptions, motivation, and well-being
Dahmash, N. F. B. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1807648
AI literacy and AI-supported chatbot adoption for educators’ professional performance
Wang, F., Jiang, S., Dong, R. K., Zhang, Y., Wang, H., & Li, R. (2026) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-11-2025-0996
Tzavaras, P. (2026) · Merits · doi:10.3390/merits6030024
“At the same time, LMS adoption and sustained use depend on facilitating conditions, institutional readiness, governance, and stakeholder support [12,14,15,17,18].”
InfluentialZhang, Y., Beh, W. F., & Zhang, C. (2026) · Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education · doi:10.5406/21627223.250.1.04
Metadata
- Authors
- Bervell, B., & Arkorful, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Cape Coast (GH)
- Corresponding author
- Bervell, Brandford
- Venue
- International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education
- Published
- 2020-03-17
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2365-9440 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3015007848
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 32.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- University of Cape Coast (TDS/109/V.2/97)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Online and Blended Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Educational Technology and E-Learning
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Keywords
- virtual learning environments, blended learning, distance education, facilitating conditions, tutors, technology adoption, higher education
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
