Cited by 251Heat shock proteins researchImmune Response and InflammationS100 Proteins and Annexins

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Releasing signals, secretory pathways, and immune function of endogenous extracellular heat shock protein 72

Johnson, John D, Fleshner, Monika·2005·Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Abstract

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) were first characterized as intracellular proteins, which function to limit protein aggregation, facilitate protein refolding, and chaperone proteins. During times of cellular stress, intracellular Hsp levels increase to provide cellular protection. Recently, it has been recognized that Hsp, particularly Hsp72, are also found extracellularly (eHsp72), where they exhibit potent immunomodulatory effects on innate and acquired immunity. Circulating eHsp72 levels also greatly increase during times of stress (i.e., when an organism is exposed to a physical/psychological stressor or suffers from various pathological conditions). It has been proposed that elevated eHsp72 serves a protective role by facilitating immunological responses during times of increased risk of pathogenic challenge and/or tissue damage. This review focuses on the in vivo releasing signals and immunomodulatory function(s) of endogenous eHsp72. In addition, we present data that emphasize the importance of caution when conducting in vitro immunological tests of Hsp72 function.

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Authors: Johnson, J. D., & Fleshner, M.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Corresponding author: Fleshner, Monika
ORCID: Fleshner, Monika
Venue: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2005-12-30
Volume: 79
Issue: 3
Pages: 425-434
ISSN: 0741-5400 (ISSN-L)
1938-3673
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0905523
OpenAlex: W2165218249
Cited by: 251
References: 148
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 1.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: Journal of Leukocyte Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › S100 Proteins and Annexins
Keywords: HSP72, secretory pathway, immunomodulation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, stress response, molecular chaperones
MeSH terms: Animals, Cell Membrane, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Innate, Immunologic Factors, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha, Stress, Physiological, Signal Transduction, Up-Regulation, Extracellular Fluid, HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins

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Releasing signals, secretory pathways, and immune function of endogenous extracellular heat shock protein 72

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