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Cited by 180Family Caregiving in Mental IllnessSchizophrenia research and treatmentCounseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics

Links Between Expressed Emotion and Burden of Care in Relatives of Patients with Schizophrenia

Scazufca, Marcia, Kuipers, Elizabeth·1996·British Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1192/bjp.168.5.580
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Abstract

Background: Findings that the EE level of a relative may change over time support the idea that EE may represent the circumstances of the relationship between patient and caregiver. The present study examines to what extent EE levels in relatives are related to relatives' burden of care and their perceptions of patients' deficits in social role performance. Method: Fifty patients recently admitted to hospital with DSM–III–R diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were assessed for positive and negative symptoms. Fifty relatives who were living or were in close contact with these patients were interviewed for the assessment of EE and burden of care, and to provide information about patients' social role performance and social and behaviour problems. Results: High-EE relatives had considerably higher mean scores for burden of care than low-EE relatives (12.5 v.6.8, respectively,P=0.002), and perceived more deficits in patients' social functioning than low-EE relatives (means: 16.2 v.6.9, respectively,P=0.004). The employment status of relatives was the only socio-demographic characteristic of relatives and patients associated with EE levels, those who were working being less likely to be high EE. Patients' psychopathology was not associated with EE levels and burden of care. Conclusions: This study shows that EE and the burden of care are related. EE and burden both measure aspects of the relationship between relatives and patients. These findings suggest that EE and burden of care are more dependent on relatives' appraisal of the patient condition than on patients' actual deficits.

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  • Caring for a family member with psychosis is demanding, often prolonged, and linked with higher stress and distress.

    “Caring for a family member with psychosis is demanding, often prolonged, and associated with increased levels of stress and distress.6,[9][10][11]”

    From Cognitive model of caregiving in psychosis (2010) · cites this paper as [6]

  • Carers' evaluations of their circumstances and resources matter more to carer and service-user outcomes than the apparent severity or scope of the problems they face.

    “Carers' appraisals of their situation and of the resources they have to cope with it are more crucial to both carer and service user outcomes than the apparent severity or scope of the problems faced.6”

    From Cognitive model of caregiving in psychosis (2010) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Scazufca, M., & Kuipers, E.
Affiliations
Royal College of Psychiatrists (GB)
ORCID
Kuipers, Elizabeth
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published
1996-05
Volume
168
Issue
5
Pages
580-587
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
DOI
10.1192/bjp.168.5.580
OpenAlex
W2107632208
Cited by
180
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
FWCI
9.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 7916 d)
Locations
  • The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics
Keywords
expressed emotion, caregiver burden, relatives of schizophrenic patients, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, social role performance, family caregiving, positive and negative symptoms
MeSH terms
Activities of Daily Living, Adolescent, Adult, Anger, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family, Female, Hostility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Role, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Behavior Disorders, Caregivers, Cost of Illness

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