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Lifetime panic–depression comorbidity in the National Comorbidity Survey: Association with symptoms, impairment, course and help-seeking
Open accessAbstract
Background: Most prior studies of panic-depression comorbidity have been limited methodologically by use of small clinical samples and incomplete analyses. Aims: General population data were used to study the association of lifetime and recent (12 months) panic–depression comorbidity with symptom severity, impairment, course and help-seeking in the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). Method: The NCS is a nationally representative survey of the prevalences and correlates of major DSM–III–R disorders in the US household population. Results: Strong lifetime and current comorbidity were found between panic and depression. Comorbidity was associated with greater symptom severity, persistence, role impairment, suicidality and help-seeking, with many findings persisting after controlling for additional comorbid diagnoses. Findings did not differ according to which disorder was chronologically primary. Conclusions: Both lifetime and current panic–depression comorbidity are markers for more severe, persistent and disabling illness. Neither additional comorbid diagnoses nor the primary–secondary distinction were important moderators of these associations.
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“Despite the severity of these consequences, it is estimated that up to one-half of those with depression [16-18] and only one third to one-half of those affected by anxiety disorders [8,16] seek professional help.”
From A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
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“Patients with panic disorder frequently suffer from depressive symptoms in addition to panic symptoms.19”
From Impact of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on intolerance of uncertainty in patients with panic disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [19]
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“We refer interested readers to studies of comorbidity among individuals with specific phobia and panic disorder (e.g., Burnstein et al., Choy, Feyer, & Goodwin, 2007; Roy-Byrne et al., 2000).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Roy-Byrne, P. P., Stang, P., Wittchen, H.-U., Ustun, B., Walters, E. E., & Kessler, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 229-235
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2004030076
- Cited by
- 446
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 28.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh052861-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH52861, R01 MH52861, K05 MH 00507, R01MH046376, MH 00507, MH-49098, R01 MH46376, MH 46376, 90135190, R01-MH49098, R01MH049098)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- panic disorder, depression, comorbidities, symptom severity, role impairment, suicidality, help-seeking, clinical course, National Comorbidity Survey
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Depression, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Severity of Illness Index, United States, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Panic Disorder, Age of Onset
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