The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Behavioural activation delivered by the non-specialist: phase II randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Background: Behavioural activation appears as effective as cognitive– behaviour therapy (CBT) in the treatment of depression. If equally effective, then behavioural activation may be the preferred treatment option because it may be suitable for delivery by therapists with less training. This is the first randomised controlled trial to look at this possibility. Aims: To examine whether generic mental health workers can deliver effective behavioural activation as a step-three high-intensity intervention. Method: A randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN27045243) comparing behavioural activation (n = 24) with treatment as usual (n = 23) in primary care. Results: Intention-to-treat analyses indicated a difference in favour of behavioural activation of –15.79 (95% CI –24.55 to –7.02) on the Beck Depression Inventory–II and Work and Social Adjustment Scale (mean difference –11.12, 95% CI –17.53 to –4.70). Conclusions: Effective behavioural activation appears suitable for delivery by generic mental health professionals without previous experience as therapists. Large-scale trial comparisons with an active comparator (CBT) are needed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
the CONSORT Group, Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-18 · Cited by 13,371
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & for the CONSORT Group (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c332 · Cited by 9,329
Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.12 · Cited by 7,770
Sterne, J. A. C., White, I. R., Carlin, J. B., Spratt, M., Royston, P., Kenward, M. G., Wood, A. M., & Carpenter, J. R. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2393 · Cited by 7,299
(1975) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,245
The world health report 2001 - Mental health: new understanding, new hope
Sayers, J. (2001) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.1590/s0042-96862001001100014 · Cited by 3,307
Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders
Ince, L. P. (1977) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1977.31.4.633 · Cited by 2,889
The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning
Mundt, J. C., Marks, I. M., Shear, M. K., & Greist, J. M. (2002) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.180.5.461 · Cited by 2,515
Multiple Imputation of Missing Values
Royston, P. (2004) · The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x0400400301 · Cited by 2,340
Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (1993) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.48.12.1181 · Cited by 2,033
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Beck, 1996, Manual for Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI–II)
- 1992, The ICD–10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines
- Attkisson, 2004, The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcome Assessment, 3rd edn, 799
- 2009, Management of Depression in Primary and Secondary Care
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Origins and Current Status of Behavioral Activation Treatments for Depression
Dimidjian, S., Barrera, M., Martell, C., Muñoz, R. F., & Lewinsohn, P. M. (2011) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104535 · Cited by 785
Richards, D. A., Ekers, D., McMillan, D., Taylor, R. S., Byford, S., Warren, F. C., Barrett, B., Farrand, P. A., Gilbody, S., Kuyken, W., et al. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31140-0 · Cited by 595
Self-citationEkers, D., Webster, L., Van Straten, A., Cuijpers, P., Richards, D., & Gilbody, S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100100 · Cited by 565
Self-citationHow much psychotherapy is needed to treat depression? A metaregression analysis
Cuijpers, P., Huibers, M., Daniel Ebert, D., Koole, S. L., & Andersson, G. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.02.030 · Cited by 258
Richards, D., Hill, J. J., Gask, L., Lovell, K., Chew-Graham, C., Bower, P., Cape, J., Pilling, S., Araya, R., Kessler, D., et al. (2013) · British medical journal · doi:10.1136/bmj.f4913 · Cited by 210
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Ekers, D., Richards, D., McMillan, D., Bland, J. M., & Gilbody, S.
- Affiliations
- Durham University (GB)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of York (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ekers, David
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 198
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 66-72
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2146200755
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 21.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- behavioral activation, depression, primary care, usual care
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Behavior Therapy, Clinical Competence, Community Mental Health Services, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Education, Continuing, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Intention to Treat Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review