Cited by 193Dental Health and Care UtilizationOral microbiology and periodontitis researchOral Health Pathology and Treatment

Advanced dental disease in people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis

Open access
Kisely, Steve, Quek, Lake-Hui, Pais, Joanne, Lalloo, Ratilal, Johnson, Newell W., Lawrence, David·2011·British Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Background: Psychiatric patients have increased comorbid physical illness. There is less information concerning dental disease in this population in spite of risk factors including diet and psychotropic side-effects (such as xerostomia). Aims: To compare the oral health of people with severe mental illness with that of the general population. Method: A systematic search for studies from the past 20 years was conducted using Medline, PsycINFO, Embase and article bibliographies. Papers were independently assessed. The primary outcome was total tooth loss (edentulousness), the end-stage of both untreated caries and periodontal disease. We also assessed dental decay through standardised measures: the mean number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) or surfaces (DMFS). For studies lacking a control group we used controls of similar ages from a community survey within 10 years of the study. Results: We identified 21 papers of which 14 had sufficient data (n = 2784 psychiatric patients) and suitable controls (n = 31 084) for a random effects meta-analysis. People with severe mental illness had 3.4 times the odds of having lost all their teeth than the general community (95% CI 1.6–7.2). They also had significantly higher scores for DMFT (mean difference 6.2, 95% CI 0.6–11.8) and DMFS (mean difference 14.6, 95% CI 4.1–25.1). Fluoridated water reduced the gap in oral health between psychiatric patients and the general population. Conclusions: Psychiatric patients have not shared in the improving oral health of the general population. Management should include oral health assessment using standard checklists that can be completed by non-dental personnel. Interventions include oral hygiene and management of xerostomia.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.081695

Cites

58 of 58 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kisely, S., Quek, L.-H., Pais, J., Lalloo, R., Johnson, N. W., & Lawrence, D.
Affiliations
  • Griffith University (AU)
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
  • The Kids Research Institute Australia (AU)
Corresponding author
Kisely, Steve
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Published
2011-09
Volume
199
Issue
3
Pages
187-193
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
OpenAlex
W2070521055
Cited by
193
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
  • Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
  • Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
Keywords
dental diseases, severe mental illness, oral health, tooth loss, dental caries, periodontal disease, DMFT index, DMFS index, xerostomia, psychotropic side effects, fluoridated water, somatic comorbidity, oral health assessment
MeSH terms
Mental Disorders, Fluoridation, Humans, Stomatognathic Diseases, Oral Health, Oral Hygiene, Comorbidity, Health Status Disparities

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review