The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Outcomes of Nordic mental health systems: life expectancy of patients with mental disorders
Open accessAbstract
Background: People with mental disorders evince excess mortality due to natural and unnatural deaths. The relative life expectancy of people with mental disorders is a proxy measure of effectiveness of social policy and health service provision. Aims: To evaluate trends in health outcomes of people with serious mental disorders. Method: We examined nationwide 5-year consecutive cohorts of people admitted to hospital for mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden in 1987–2006. In each country the risk population was identified from hospital discharge registers and mortality data were retrieved from cause-of-death registers. The main outcome measure was life expectancy at age 15 years. Results: People admitted to hospital for a mental disorder had a two- to threefold higher mortality than the general population in all three countries studied. This gap in life expectancy was more pronounced for men than for women. The gap decreased between 1987 and 2006 in these countries, especially for women. The notable exception was Swedish men with mental disorders. In spite of the positive general trend, men with mental disorders still live 20 years less, and women 15 years less, than the general population. Conclusions: During the era of deinstitutionalisation the life expectancy gap for people with mental disorders has somewhat diminished in the three Nordic countries. Our results support further development of the Nordic welfare state model, i.e. tax-funded community-based public services and social protection. Health promotion actions, improved access to healthcare and prevention of suicides and violence are needed to further reduce the life expectancy gap.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In the Nordic countries, women and men with severe mental disorders have an approximately 15 and 20 years shorter life expectancy, respectively, than the general population [8].”
From Life expectancy and death by diseases of the circulatory system in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia in the Nordic countries. (2013) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Mental illness is broadly associated with poorer physical health outcomes; the severity of which is epitomised by a 15- to 20-year mortality gap between individuals with serious mental illness and the general population [104••, 105, 106].”
From Moving to Beat Anxiety: Epidemiology and Therapeutic Issues with Physical Activity for Anxiety (2018) · cites this paper as [106]
In the citing paper
“People with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders die earlier than their peers in the general population, with recent estimates suggesting by around 15–20 years.1–10”
From Mortality in Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses: A 10-Year Follow-up of the ӔSOP First-Episode Cohort (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Wahlbeck et al 10 noted that variation in unnatural-cause mortality by sex may result from differences in help-seeking behavior”
From Mortality in Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses: A 10-Year Follow-up of the ӔSOP First-Episode Cohort (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Mental disorder is an established risk factor for increased mortality [1, 2].”
From Life expectancy at birth and all-cause mortality among people with personality disorder (2012) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“A Nordic research collaboration to exploit these register-based possibilities has shown that this mortality decreased slightly from 1987 to 2006, and also that it still is at a very high level.”
From Excess mortality, causes of death and life expectancy in 270,770 patients with recent onset of mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden (2013) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Patients with severe mental disorders have a life expectancy that is approximately 15–20 years shorter than the general population in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. [14]”
From Excess mortality, causes of death and life expectancy in 270,770 patients with recent onset of mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden (2013) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“However, in a large register-based study for Denmark, Finland and Sweden, we could not confirm this finding. [14].”
From Excess mortality, causes of death and life expectancy in 270,770 patients with recent onset of mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden (2013) · cites this paper as [14]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kessler, R. C. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002 · Cited by 12,370
Excess mortality of mental disorder
Harris, C., & Barraclough, B. (1998) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.173.1.11 · Cited by 1,881
Stigma and its public health implications
Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. C. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68184-1 · Cited by 1,498
The Danish Psychiatric Central Register.
Munk‐Jørgensen, P., & Mortensen, P. B. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 698
Mortality and causes of death in schizophrenia in Stockholm County, Sweden
Ösby, U., Correia, N., Brandt, L., Ekbom, A., & Sparén, P. (2000) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00191-7 · Cited by 679
Osborn, D. P. J., Levy, G., Nazareth, I., Petersen, I., Islam, A., & King, M. B. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.242 · Cited by 608
The ESEMeD/MHEDEA 2000 investigators, Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Bernert, S., Bruffaerts, R., Brugha, T. S., Bryson, H., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., et al. (2004) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00330.x · Cited by 519
Quality of Medical Care and Excess Mortality in Older Patients With Mental Disorders
Druss, B. G., Bradford, W. D., Rosenheck, R. A., Radford, M. J., & Krumholz, H. M. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.6.565 · Cited by 490
Zaridze, D. G., Brennan, P., Boreham, J., Boroda, A. M., Karpov, R. S., Lazarev, A. F., Конобеевская, И. Н., Igitov, V., Terechova, T., Boffetta, P., et al. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61034-5 · Cited by 449
Components of a modern mental health service: a pragmatic balance of community and hospital care
Thornicroft, G., & Tansella, M. (2004) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.4.283 · Cited by 444
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- 2009, Health Statistics in the Nordic Countries 2007. Helsestatistik for de Nordiske Lande 2007
- Halpern, 2005, Social Capital
- Karlsson, 2010, Från Reformintention Till Praxis: Mentalvårdens Utveckling i Finland Efter År 1990 [From Reform Intentions to Practice: Developments in Finnish Mental Health Care Since 1990]
- Wiesler, 1954, Proceedings of the First World Population Conference, Rome, 4
- 2010, European Health For All Database (HFA–DB)
- Nordentoft, 1998, Forslag til Handlingsplan til Forebyggelse af Selvmordsfors⊘g og Selvmord i Danmark [Action Plan for Prevention of Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Denmark]
- 2009, Nordic Alcohol Statistics 2008
- 2009, Kvalitet och innehåll i patientregistret. Utskrivningar från slutenvården 1964–2007 och besöki specialiserad öppenvård (exklusive primärvårdsbesök) 1997–2007 [Quality and content of the Swedish Patient Register]
- Keskimäki, 1991, The accuracy of data on diagnoses, procedures and accidents in the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register, Int J Health Serv, 2, 15
- 1992, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10)
- 2010, Aktivitetsdata i Psykisk Helsevern for Voksne 2008
- 2006, Mental Well-being
- Hewer, 1997, Mortality of patients with functional psychiatric illnesses during in-patient treatment [in German], Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr, 65
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Liu, N. H., Daumit, G. L., Dua, T., Aquila, R., Charlson, F., Cuijpers, P., Druss, B., Dudek, K., Freeman, M., Fujii, C., et al. (2017) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20384 · Cited by 865
Self-citationLawrence, D., Hancock, K. J., & Kisely, S. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f2539 · Cited by 819
Nordentoft, M., Wahlbeck, K., Hällgren, J., Westman, J., Ösby, U., Alinaghizadeh, H., Gissler, M., & Laursen, T. M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055176 · Cited by 778
Self-citationMental health-related stigma in health care and mental health-care settings
Henderson, C., Noblett, J., Parke, H., Clement, S., Caffrey, A., Gale-Grant, O., Schulze, B., Druss, B., & Thornicroft, G. (2014) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00023-6 · Cited by 761
Hilker, R., Helenius, D., Fagerlund, B., Skytthe, A., Christensen, K., Werge, T. M., Nordentoft, M., & Glenthøj, B. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.08.017 · Cited by 615
Self-citationAssociation of Mental Disorders With Subsequent Chronic Physical Conditions
Scott, K., Lim, C., Al-Hamzawi, A., Alonso, J., Bruffaerts, R., Caldas-de-Almeida, J., Florescu, S., de Girolamo, G., Hu, C.-Y., de Jonge, P., et al. (2015) · JAMA psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2688 · Cited by 553
Plana-Ripoll, O., Pedersen, C. B., Agerbo, E., Holtz, Y., Erlangsen, A., Canudas-Romo, V., Andersen, P. K., Charlson, F. J., Christensen, M. K., Erskine, H. E., et al. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32316-5 · Cited by 595
Self-citationPhysical health disparities and mental illness: the scandal of premature mortality
Thornicroft, G. (2011) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.092718 · Cited by 573
Chisholm, D. (2015) · Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal · doi:10.26719/2015.21.7.531 · Cited by 460
Mortality gap for people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: UK-based cohort study 2000–2014
Hayes, J. F., Marston, L., Walters, K., King, M. B., & Osborn, D. P. J. (2017) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.117.202606 · Cited by 451
OECD (2021) · OECD Health Policy Studies · doi:10.1787/4ed890f6-en · Cited by 407
The dietary pattern of patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review
Dipasquale, S., Pariante, C. M., Dazzan, P., Aguglia, E., McGuire, P. K., & Mondelli, V. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.10.005 · Cited by 399
The social and economic burden of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a systematic literature review
Kennedy, J. L., Altar, C. A., Taylor, D. L., Degtiar, I., & Hornberger, J. C. (2014) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0b013e32836508e6 · Cited by 392
Community mental health care worldwide: current status and further developments
Thornicroft, G., Deb, T., & Henderson, C. (2016) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20349 · Cited by 374
Cancer-Related Mortality in People With Mental Illness
Kisely, S. R., Crowe, E., & Lawrence, D. M. (2012) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.278 · Cited by 371
Van Droogenbroeck, F., Spruyt, B., & Keppens, G. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1591-4 · Cited by 353
Laursen, T. M., Wahlbeck, K., Hällgren, J., Westman, J., Ösby, U., Alinaghizadeh, H., Gissler, M., & Nordentoft, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067133 · Cited by 313
Self-citationPremature death after self-harm: a multicentre cohort study
Bergen, H. A., Hawton, K. E., Waters, K., Ness, J., Cooper, J., Steeg, S., & Kapur, N. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61141-6 · Cited by 301
Moving to Beat Anxiety: Epidemiology and Therapeutic Issues with Physical Activity for Anxiety
Kandola, A., Vancampfort, D., Herring, M., Rebar, A., Hallgren, M., Firth, J., & Stubbs, B. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0923-x · Cited by 291
Piao, J., Huang, Y., Han, C., Li, Y., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., & He, X. (2022) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-022-02040-4 · Cited by 289
Chan, J. K. N., Correll, C. U., Wong, C. S. M., Chu, R. S. T., Fung, V. S. C., Wong, G. H. S., Lei, J. H. C., & Chang, W. C. (2023) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102294 · Cited by 284
Smıth, D. J., Langan, J., McLean, G., Guthrie, B., & Mercer, S. W. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002808 · Cited by 254
Life expectancy at birth and all-cause mortality among people with personality disorder
Fok, M. L.-Y., Hayes, R. D., Chang, C.-K., Stewart, R., Callard, F. J., & Moran, P. (2012) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.05.001 · Cited by 241
“Mental disorder is an established risk factor for increased mortality [1,2].”
BackgroundLaursen, T. M., Munk‐Olsen, T., & Gasse, C. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024597 · Cited by 239
Self-citationSmeland, O. B., Bahrami, S., Frei, O., Shadrin, A. A., O’Connell, K. S., Savage, J. E., Watanabe, K., Krull, F., Bettella, F., Steen, N. E., et al. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0332-x · Cited by 231
Nielsen, S. F., Hjorthøj, C. R., Erlangsen, A., & Nordentoft, M. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60747-2 · Cited by 214
Self-citationParental death during childhood and depression in young adults – a national cohort study
Berg, L., Rostila, M., & Hjern, A. (2016) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12560 · Cited by 239
Šprah, L., Dernovšek, M. Z., Wahlbeck, K., & Haaramo, P. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1172-3 · Cited by 217
Self-citationManagement of psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: summary of updated NICE guidance
Kuipers, E., Yesufu-Udechuku, A., Taylor, C., & Kendall, T. (2014) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g1173 · Cited by 194
Charlson, F., Baxter, A. J., Dua, T., Degenhardt, L. J., Whiteford, H., & Vos, T. (2014) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796014000687 · Cited by 194
Mental health effects of education
Kondirolli, F., & Sunder, N. (2022) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4565 · Cited by 184
Albus, C., Waller, C., Fritzsche, K., Gunold, H., Haass, M., Hamann, B., Kindermann, I., Köllner, V., Leithäuser, B., Marx, N., et al. (2019) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-019-01488-w · Cited by 178
Mackenbach, J. P. (2019) · Regimes of Inequality · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198831419.001.0001 · Cited by 179
Erlangsen, A., Andersen, P. K., Toender, A., Laursen, T. M., Nordentoft, M., & Canudas-Romo, V. (2017) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30429-7 · Cited by 170
Self-citationParental Death During Childhood and Subsequent School Performance
Berg, L., Rostila, M., Saarela, J. M., & Hjern, A. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-2771 · Cited by 167
Anti-stigma training for medical students: The Education Not Discrimination project
Friedrich, B., Evans-Lacko, S. E., London, J., Rhydderch, D., Henderson, C., & Thornicroft, G. (2013) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.112.114017 · Cited by 167
Reilly, S., Planner, C., Hann, M., Reeves, D., Nazareth, I., & Lester, H. E. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036468 · Cited by 166
Experiences of discrimination among people Using mental health services in England 2008-2011
Corker, E., Hamilton, S., Henderson, C., Weeks, C., Pinfold, V., Rose, D. S., Williams, P. R., Flach, C., Gill, V., Lewis-Holmes, E., et al. (2013) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112912 · Cited by 165
The balanced care model for global mental health
Thornicroft, G., & Tansella, M. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712001420 · Cited by 162
Liu, J., Liu, Y., Ma, W., Tong, Y., & Zheng, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-62381-9 · Cited by 160
Mortality in Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses: A 10-Year Follow-up of the ӔSOP First-Episode Cohort
Reininghaus, U., Dutta, R., Dazzan, P., Doody, G. A., Fearon, P., Lappin, J., Heslin, M., Onyejiaka, A., Donoghue, K., Lomas, B., et al. (2015) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu138 · Cited by 156
Tobacco-Related Mortality among Persons with Mental Health and Substance Abuse Problems
Bandiera, F. C., Anteneh, B., Le, T. L., Delucchi, K., & Guydish, J. R. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120581 · Cited by 155
Solmi, M., Fiedorowicz, J. G., Poddighe, L., Delogu, M., Miola, A., Høye, A., Heiberg, I. H., Stubbs, B., Smith, L., Larsson, H., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.21010031 · Cited by 153
Why mental health matters to global health
Patel, V. (2014) · Transcultural Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1363461514524473 · Cited by 151
Evans-Lacko, S. E., Courtin, É., Fiorillo, A., Knapp, M. R. J., Luciano, M., Park, A., Brunn, M., Byford, S., Chevreul, K., Forsman, A. K., et al. (2014) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.02.007 · Cited by 145
Self-citationSuicidal Behavior and Mortality in First-Episode Psychosis
Nordentoft, M., Madsen, T., & Fedyszyn, I. E. (2015) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000296 · Cited by 144
Self-citationLaursen, T. M., Plana‐Ripoll, O., Andersen, P. K., McGrath, J. J., Toender, A., Nordentoft, M., Canudas‐Romo, V., & Erlangsen, A. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.11.003 · Cited by 132
Self-citationShared Genetic Loci Between Body Mass Index and Major Psychiatric Disorders
Bahrami, S., Steen, N. E., Shadrin, A. A., O’Connell, K. S., Frei, O., Bettella, F., Wirgenes, K. V., Krull, F., Fan, C. C., Dale, A. M., et al. (2020) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4188 · Cited by 138
van Nieuwenhuizen, A., Henderson, C., Kassam, A., Graham, T., Murray, J., Howard, L. M., & Thornicroft, G. (2012) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796012000571 · Cited by 136
Crawford, M., Jayakumar, S., Lemmey, S. J., Zalewska, K., Patel, M. X., Cooper, S. J., & Shiers, D. (2014) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.142521 · Cited by 124
Premature death among people with mental illness
Thornicroft, G. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f2969 · Cited by 123
Stigma and mental health challenges in medical students
Hankir, A. K., Northall, A., & Zaman, R. (2014) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2014-205226 · Cited by 120
Wanjau, M. N., Möller, H., Haigh, F., Milat, A., Hayek, R., Lucas, P., & Veerman, J. L. (2023) · AJPM Focus · doi:10.1016/j.focus.2023.100074 · Cited by 111
Ten-Year Outcomes of First-Episode Psychoses in the MRC ÆSOP-10 Study
Revier, C. J., Reininghaus, U., Dutta, R., Fearon, P., Murray, R. M., Doody, G. A., Croudace, T. J., Dazzan, P., Heslin, M., Onyejiaka, A. N., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000295 · Cited by 118
Henderson, C., Potts, L. C., & Robinson, E. J. (2019) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckaa013 · Cited by 116
Lomholt, L. H., Andersen, D. V., Sejrsgaard-Jacobsen, C., Øzdemir, C. M., Graff, C., Schjerning, O., Jensen, S. E., Straszek, S. P. V., Licht, R. W., Grøntved, S., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40345-018-0140-x · Cited by 106
Perinatal psychiatric episodes: a population-based study on treatment incidence and prevalence
Munk‐Olsen, T., Mægbæk, M. L., Johannsen, B. M. W., Liu, X., Howard, L. M., Florio, A. D., Bergink, V., & Meltzer-Brody, S. E. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.190 · Cited by 111
Carney, R., Cotter, J., Bradshaw, T., Firth, J., & Yung, A. R. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.010 · Cited by 104
Gatov, E., Rosella, L. C., Chiu, M., & Kurdyak, P. A. (2017) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.161351 · Cited by 103
Mortality and Medical Comorbidity in the Severely Mentally Ill
Schneider, F. W., Erhart, M., Hewer, W., Loeffler, L. A. K., & Jacobi, F. (2019) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0405 · Cited by 95
Heiberg, I. H., Jacobsen, B. K., Nesvåg, R., Bramness, J. G., Reichborn‐Kjennerud, T., Næss, Ø., Ystrøm, E., Hultman, C. M., & Høye, A. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202028 · Cited by 94
Weye, N., Momen, N. C., Christensen, M. K., Iburg, K. M., Dalsgaard, S., Laursen, T. M., Mortensen, P. B., Santomauro, D. F., Scott, J. G., Whiteford, H., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6646 · Cited by 97
Self-citationRichmond‐Rakerd, L. S., D’Souza, S., Milne, B. J., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33448 · Cited by 92
Ösby, U., Westman, J., Hällgren, J., & Gissler, M. (2016) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv245 · Cited by 92
Self-citationThornicroft, C., Wyllie, A., Thornicroft, G., & Mehta, N. (2013) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867413512687 · Cited by 91
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for long-term physical conditions: a systematic review.
Crowe, M., Jordan, J., Burrell, B., Jones, V., Gillon, D., & Harris, S. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867415607984 · Cited by 85
Mental Disorders Across the Adult Life Course and Future Coronary Heart Disease
Galé, C. R., Batty, G. D., Osborn, D., Tynelius, P., & Rasmussen, F. E. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.002065 · Cited by 85
Deinstitutionalised patients, homelessness and imprisonment: Systematic review
Winkler, P., Barrett, B. M., McCrone, P., Csémy, L., Janoušková, M., & Höschl, C. (2016) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.161943 · Cited by 80
Increased systemic oxidatively generated DNA and RNA damage in schizophrenia
Jørgensen, A., Broedbaek, K., Fink‐Jensen, A., Knorr, U., Soendergaard, M. G., Henriksen, T., Weimann, A., Jepsen, P., Lykkesfeldt, J., Poulsen, H. E., et al. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.01.033 · Cited by 82
Molloy, R., Brand, G., Munro, I., & Pope, N. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16151 · Cited by 79
Depression and smoking cessation: evidence from a smoking cessation clinic with 1-year follow-up
Stepankova, L., Kralikova, E., Zvolska, K., Pankova, A., Ovesna, P., Blaha, M., & Brose, L. S. (2017) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9869-6 · Cited by 78
Women with Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders After Menopause: A Vulnerable Group for Relapse
Sommer, I. E., Brand, B. A., Gangadin, S. S., Tanskanen, A. J., Tiihonen, J., & Taipale, H. T. (2022) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbac139 · Cited by 77
Kiviniemi, M., Suvisaari, J., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., Häkkinen, U., Isohanni, M. K., & Hakko, H. H. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.043 · Cited by 78
Galé, C. R., Batty, G. D., Osborn, D., Tynelius, P., Whitley, E., & Rasmussen, F. E. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2000 · Cited by 77
Kontopantelis, E., Olier, I., Planner, C., Reeves, D., Ashcroft, D. M., Gask, L. L., Doran, T., & Reilly, S. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008650 · Cited by 75
Henderson, C., & Gronholm, P. C. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15061158 · Cited by 84
Relation of Major Depression to Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Stenman, M., Holzmann, M. J., & Sartipy, U. (2014) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.05.058 · Cited by 71
Jacobs, R., Gutacker, N., Mason, A., Goddard, M. K., Gravelle, H. S. E., Kendrick, T., & Gilbody, S. M. (2015) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-015-1107-6 · Cited by 70
Mortality in schizophrenia and related psychoses: data from two cohorts, 1875–1924 and 1994–2010
Healy, D., Le Noury, J., Harris, M., Butt, M., Linden, S., Whitaker, C., Zou, L., & Roberts, A. P. (2012) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001810 · Cited by 69
Ribe, A. R., Laursen, T. M., Sandbæk, A., Charles, M., Nordentoft, M., & Vestergaard, M. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000634 · Cited by 70
Self-citationOutcomes of Nordic mental health systems: life expectancy of patients with mental disorders
Talbott, J. A. (2012) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ypsy.2012.07.050 · Cited by 67
Social determinants of mental health: a Finnish nationwide follow-up study on mental disorders
Paananen, R., Ristikari, T., Merikukka, M., & Gissler, M. (2013) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202768 · Cited by 67
Self-citationBurdick, K. E., Millett, C. E., Yocum, A. K., Altimus, C. M., Andreassen, O. A., Aubin, V., Belzeaux-R, R., Berk, M., Biernacka, J. M., Blumberg, H. P., et al. (2022) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.13208 · Cited by 67
Rødevand, L. N., Bahrami, S., Frei, O., Lin, A., Gani, O., Shadrin, A. A., Smeland, O. B., Connell, K. S. O., Elvsåshagen, T., Winterton, A., et al. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01142-4 · Cited by 71
Association of Oxidative Stress–Induced Nucleic Acid Damage With Psychiatric Disorders in Adults
Jørgensen, A., Baago, I. B., Rygner, Z., Jørgensen, M. B., Andersen, P. K., Kessing, L. V., & Poulsen, H. E. (2022) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2066 · Cited by 63
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Bränström, R., & Pachankis, J. E. (2016) · Stigma and Health · doi:10.1037/sah0000066 · Cited by 63
A Surveillance System to Monitor Excess Mortality of People with Mental Illness in Canada
LESAGE, A. D., Rochette, L., Émond, V., Pelletier, É., St-Laurent, D., Diallo, F. B., & Kisely, S. R. (2015) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371506001208 · Cited by 62
Tapiainen, V., Hartikainen, S. A., Taipale, H. T., Tiihonen, J., & Tolppanen, A. (2017) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.486 · Cited by 62
Post-mortem toxicology in young sudden cardiac death victims: a nationwide cohort study
Bjune, T., Risgaard, B., Kruckow, L., Glinge, C., Hansen, O. I., Leth, P. M., Línnet, K., Banner, J., Winkel, B. G., & Tfelt‐Hansen, J. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw435 · Cited by 61
Risk Estimates and Risk Factors Related to Psychiatric Inpatient Suicide—An Overview
Madsen, T., Erlangsen, A., & Nordentoft, M. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14030253 · Cited by 64
Self-citationUnderstanding Mental Health for the Prevention and Control of Cardiovascular Diseases
Mensah, G. A., & Collins, P. Y. (2015) · Global Heart · doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2015.08.003 · Cited by 63
Ride, J., Kasteridis, P., Gutacker, N., Aragón, M. J., & Jacobs, R. (2019) · Applied Health Economics and Health Policy · doi:10.1007/s40258-019-00530-2 · Cited by 60
Excess mortality and shortened life expectancy in people with major mental illnesses in Taiwan
Pan, Y., Yeh, L., Chan, H., & Chang, C. (2020) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796020000694 · Cited by 62
Impact of socioeconomic deprivation on rate and cause of death in severe mental illness
Martin, J. L., McLean, G., Park, J. B., Martin, D. J., Connolly, M., Mercer, S. W., & Smıth, D. J. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0261-4 · Cited by 62
Athanasopoulou, C., Valimaki, M. A., Koutra, K., Löttyniemi, E., Bertsias, A., Basta, M., Vgontzas, A. N., & Lionis, C. D. (2017) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/s12911-017-0531-4 · Cited by 58
What do register-based studies tell us about migrant mental health? A scoping review
Patel, K., Kouvonen, A. M., Close, C., Väänänen, A., O’Reilly, D., & Donnelly, M. (2017) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0463-1 · Cited by 57
Ajetunmobi, O., Taylor, M., Stockton, D., & Wood, R. (2013) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002768 · Cited by 56
Kågström, A., Guerrero, Z., Aliev, A. A., Tomášková, H., Rüsch, N., Ouali, U., Thornicroft, G., Sartorius, N., & Winkler, P. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103588 · Cited by 66
Wu, Q., Luo, X., Chen, S., Qi, C., Yang, W. F. Z., Liao, Y., Wang, X., Tang, J., Tang, Y., & Liu, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00946 · Cited by 54
Quality of Life in Adults Aged 50+ With ADHD
Lensing, M. B., Zeiner, P., Sandvik, L., & Opjordsmoen, S. (2015) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054713480035 · Cited by 66
Metadata
- Authors
- Wahlbeck, K., Westman, J., Nordentoft, M., Gissler, M., & Laursen, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Nordic School of Public Health (SE)
- Bispebjerg Hospital (DK)
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Wahlbeck, Kristian
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2011-12
- Volume
- 199
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 453-458
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2105984674
- Cited by
- 623
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 90 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 75.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- WOS
- Funders
- Nordisk Ministerråd
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Keywords
- life expectancy, mental illness, mortality gap, severe mental illness, deinstitutionalization, welfare state typology, sex differences, suicide prevention, mental health services, Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Sweden
- MeSH terms
- Suicide Prevention, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Cause of Death, Denmark, Female, Finland, Health Policy, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Institutionalization, Life Expectancy, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Organizational Innovation, Sweden, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Sex Distribution, Health Status Disparities, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
