The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hidden Morbidity in Cancer: Spouse Caregivers
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: This study assesses psychological distress among advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers, while examining the relative contribution of caregiving burden and relational variables (attachment orientation and marital satisfaction) to depressive symptoms in the spouse caregivers. METHODS: A total of 101 patients with advanced GI or lung cancer and their spouse caregivers were recruited for the study. Measures included Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Caregiving Burden scale, Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction scale. RESULTS: A total of 38.9% of the caregivers reported significant symptoms of depression (BDI-II > or = 15) compared with 23.0% of their ill spouses (P < .0001). In a hierarchical regression predicting caregiver's depression, spouse caregiver's age and patient's cancer site were entered in the first step, objective caregiving burden was entered in the second step, subjective caregiving burden was entered in the third step, caregiver's attachment scores were entered in the fourth step, and caregiver's marital satisfaction score was entered in the fifth step. The final model accounted for 37% of the variance of caregiver depression, with subjective caregiving burden (beta = .38; P < .01), caregiver's anxious attachment (beta = .21; P < .05), caregiver's avoidant attachment (beta = .20; P < .05), and caregiver's marital satisfaction (beta = -.18; P < .05) making significant contributions to the model. CONCLUSION: Spouse caregivers of patients with advanced cancer are a high-risk population for depression. Subjective caregiving burden and relational variables, such as caregivers' attachment orientations and marital dissatisfaction, are important predictors of caregiver depression.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Family caregivers of cancer patients exhibit high levels of stress and depression, lower subjective well-being, worse physical health, and higher mortality compared to non-caregivers [2–8, 19–25], yet few studies focus on improving outcomes for caregivers [26].”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A cancer diagnosis is associated with high levels of distress, leading to frequent anxiety, depression, fear of recurrence/progression, sleep disturbance, and fatigue in both patients and caregivers [1–8].”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Conversely, longer survival comes at a cost for caregivers: the negative effects of caregiving, including a higher mortality rate, are most pronounced in caregivers of patients with advanced cancer [2, 3, 20], particularly when patients have a protracted disease course [25] and are receiving palliative care [4, 21].”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Distress in caregivers contributes to distress in patients [24], in addition to negatively impacting the health of caregivers themselves [2–4, 20, 21, 25], and likely other family members (e.g. many of our participants had young children).”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A metastatic cancer diagnosis is associated with high levels of distress in patients and caregivers.”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Yet we found comparable distress levels in patients and caregivers, and emotional distress in particular may be even higher in caregivers, corroborating previous findings [2–6].”
From Being present: A single-arm feasibility study of audio-based mindfulness meditation for colorectal cancer patients and caregivers (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 · Cited by 18,093
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (2011) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t00742-000 · Cited by 7,535
Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511 · Cited by 6,247
Relatives of the Impaired Elderly: Correlates of Feelings of Burden
Zarit, S. H., Reever, K. E., & Bach-Peterson, J. (1980) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/20.6.649 · Cited by 5,810
Attachment in adulthood: structure, dynamics, and change
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-2903 · Cited by 4,303
(1998) · Cited by 3,968
Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples.
Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.644 · Cited by 3,678
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2003) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(03)01002-5 · Cited by 1,485
Collins, N. L., & Feeney, B. C. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.6.1053 · Cited by 1,303
Attachment and Loss: Sadness and Depression
Albert, S. M., & Bowlby, J. (1982) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/351282 · Cited by 1,068
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Baider L, Cooper CL, De-Nour AK: Cancer and the Family (ed 2). New York, NY, John Wiley, pp 257,2000-269
- Ainsworth MDS: Attachment and other affectional bonds across the life cycle, in Parkes CM, Stevenson-Hinde J, Marris P (eds): Attachment Across the Life Cycle . New York, NY, Routledge, pp 33,1991-51
- Fraley RC, Waller NG: Adult attachment patterns: A test of typological model, in Simpson JA, Rholes WS (eds): Attachment Theory and Close Relationships . New York, NY, Guilford Press, pp 77,1998-114
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–526 of 526
Untas, A., Boujut, E., & Lamore, K. (2023) · Editions des archives contemporaines eBooks · doi:10.17184/eac.9782813004789 · Cited by 2
Uchida, T., Jingu, K., Uno, A., Lin, K., Fengxia, L., Shijie, W., Jingge, L., Akawaza, K., & Yoshii, H. (2023) · Illness Crisis & Loss · doi:10.1177/10541373231201465
Beltrán-Morillas, A. M., Valor-Segura, I., & Expósito, F. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231208395
DEVELOPMENT OF BREAST CANCER IMPACT ON COMPANIONS SCALE: PSYCHOMETRIC STUDY
Marinho, D., Silva, I., & Guimarães, R. (2024) · Psicologia Saúde & Doenças · doi:10.15309/24psd250110
Moreno, P. I., Worch, S., Thomas, J. L., Nguyen, R. L., Medina, H. N., Penedo, F. J., Moskowitz, J. T., Yanez, B. R., Kircher, S. M., KUNDU, S. D., et al. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/52361
(2013) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.fm01
Chapter 1. The Crisis of Discovery: Psychological and Psychopathological Reaction to the Disease
Costantini, A., Levenson, J. A., & Bersani, F. S. (2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.lg01
Chapter 6. Genetic Counseling and Testing for Hereditary Cancers: Psychosocial Considerations
Burton-Chase, A. M., Gritz, E. R., & Peterson, S. K. (2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.lg06
Chapter 4. Demoralization and Depression in Cancer
Kissane, D. W., & Doolittle, M. N. (2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.lg04
(2013) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.index
Chapter 9. Rapid Psychometric Assessment of Distress and Depression
Mitchell, A. J. (2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.lg09
Chapter 11. Support of the Dying Patient: Psychological Issues and Communication
Stiefel, F. (2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615378258.lg11
Family Carers in Palliative Care
Grande, G., & Ewing, G. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31738-0_52-2
Family Carers in Palliative Care
Grande, G., & Ewing, G. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48991-4_52
Nyonyotsi, B., Sammel, M. D., Juarez‐Colunga, E., Smyth, H. L., & Borrayo, E. A. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5249185/v1
Rollen und Verantwortlichkeiten in der Trauerbegleitung im ambulanten und stationären Setting
Sammer, T. (2025) · Leidfaden · doi:10.13109/leid.2025.14.3.11
Ünal, İ. Ö., Aytac, M. P., Turhan, N. Ö., TAYLAN, Y., Ünal, Ç., Topcu, A., Çavdar, E., Özcan, E., Duymaz, T., & Berkol, T. D. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13202612
Cho, I. Y., Chung, N.-G., Baek, H. J., Lee, J. W., Sung, K. W., Shin, D. W., Yoo, J. E., & Song, Y.-M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12096306
Theißen, T., Ullrich, A., Oechsle, K., Wikert, J., Bokemeyer, C., & Schieferdecker, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25583949
Qualité de vie des aidants de patients atteints de cancer
Flores, P. M. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/529813d9zdb78z4070z8eb5z729c6d683828
Applebaum, A. J., Jacobs, J. M., Fresco, D. M., Hoyt, M. A., Schofield, E., Loschiavo, M. J., O’Toole, M. S., Dunderdale, L., & Mennin, D. S. (2026) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaag021
Dual Frontiers Cancer and Palliative Care
Prommer, E. (2026) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2026.03.013
Akpunar, M., Akpunar, S. İ., Demir, T., & Demirağ, G. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9773495/v1
Burdened and Burned Out: Health Behavior Disruptions in Neuro-Oncology Caregivers
Willis, K. D., Byrne, M. M., Witte, D., Wells, K. J., Thomas, A. A., & Reblin, M. (2026) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/10966218261471240
Thiamine deficiency observed in family caregivers of AYA cancer patients
Onishi, H., Ishikawa, M., Ooya, Y., Uchida, N., Yoshioka, A., Sato, I., & Ishida, M. (2026) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951526103204
Høeg, B. L., Genter, P., Hamre, C. J., Rosthøj, S., Møller-Jørgensen, L. S., Dalton, S. O., & Bidstrup, P. E. (2026) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.70603
Metadata
- Authors
- Braun, M., Mikulincer, M., Rydall, A., Walsh, A., & Rodin, G.
- Affiliations
- University Health Network (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2007-10-20
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 30
- Pages
- 4829-4834
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- OpenAlex
- W2132645593
- Cited by
- 526
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 55.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- spousal caregivers, caregiver depression, advanced cancer, caregiver burden, attachment orientation, marital satisfaction, gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, psychological distress, marital relationships
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Neoplasms, Palliative Care, Risk Factors, Terminal Care, Caregivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
