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Prevalence, Severity, and Impact of Symptoms on Female Family Caregivers of Patients at the Initiation of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Abstract
PURPOSE: In a sample of family caregivers (FCs) of patients with prostate cancer who were to begin radiation therapy (RT), the purposes were to determine the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue; determine the relationships among these symptoms and between these symptoms and functional status and quality of life (QOL); evaluate for differences in functional status and QOL between FCs with low and high levels of these symptoms; and determine which factors predicted FCs' functional status and QOL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: FCs were recruited before patients initiated RT and completed self-report questionnaires that evaluated demographic characteristics, symptoms, functional status, and QOL. RESULTS: Sixty female FCs participated in the study. On the basis of established cut point scores for each symptom questionnaire, 12.2% of the FCs had clinically meaningful levels of depression, 40.7% anxiety, 15.0% pain, 36.7% sleep disturbance, 33.3% morning fatigue, and 30.0% evening fatigue. FCs who were older and who had lower levels of state anxiety and higher levels of depression, morning fatigue, and pain reported significantly poorer functional status (R(2) = 38.7%). FCs who were younger, had more years of education, were working, and who had higher levels of depression, morning fatigue, sleep disturbance, and lower levels of evening fatigue reported significantly lower QOL scores (R(2) = 70.1%). CONCLUSION: A high percentage of FCs experienced clinically meaningful levels of a variety of symptoms. These symptoms have a negative impact on the FCs' functional status and QOL.
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“Additionally, half of the patients participating in our study reported STAI-S scores above the clinically meaningful cutoff score for anxiety (Dunn et al., 2014; Fletcher et al., 2008; Spielberger, 1983).”
From The influence of a department's psychosocial climate and treatment environment on cancer patients' anxiety during radiotherapy (2016) · cites this paper as Fletcher et al., 2008
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Fletcher, B. S., Paul, S. M., Dodd, M. J., Schumacher, K., West, C., Cooper, B., Lee, K., Aouizerat, B., Swift, P., Wara, W., & Miaskowski, C. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2008-02-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 599-605
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- OpenAlex
- W2127713927
- Cited by
- 198
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 5.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR004835, T32NR007088, NR04835)
- National Center for Research Resources (K12RR023262)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Keywords
- family caregivers, prostate cancer, radiotherapy, caregiver depression, anxiety, pain, sleep disorders, fatigue, functional status, quality of life, symptom prevalence, symptom severity
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, Female, Home Nursing, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Prostatic Neoplasms, Quality of Life, Severity of Illness Index, Sleep Wake Disorders, Prevalence, Caregivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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