The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metformin and Pathologic Complete Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Diabetic Patients With Breast Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Population studies have suggested that metformin use in diabetic patients decreases cancer incidence and mortality. Metformin inhibits the growth of cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. However, there is little clinical data to support this. Our purpose was to determine whether metformin use was associated with a change in pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in diabetic patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: We identified 2,529 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer between 1990 and 2007. Patients were compared by groups: 68 diabetic patients taking metformin, 87 diabetic patients not taking metformin, and 2,374 nondiabetic patients. pCR rates were compared between the three groups using χ 2 tests of independence and compared pair- wise using a binomial test of proportions. Factors predictive of pCR were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The rate of pCR was 24% in the metformin group, 8.0% in the nonmetformin group, and 16% in the nondiabetic group (P = .02). Pairwise comparisons between the metformin and nonmetformin groups (P = .007) and the nonmetformin and nondiabetic groups (P = .04) were significant. Comparison of the pCR rates between the metformin and nondiabetic groups trended toward but did not meet significance (P = .10). Metformin use was independently predictive of pCR (odds ratio, 2.95; P = .04) after adjustment for diabetes, body mass index, age, stage, grade, receptor status, and neoadjuvant taxane use. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with breast cancer receiving metformin and neoadjuvant chemotherapy have a higher pCR rate than do diabetics not receiving metformin. Additional studies to evaluate the potential of metformin as an antitumor agent are warranted.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Metformin has also been found to cooperate with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy to result in complete tumor regression in some breast cancer patients (Jiralerspong et al., 2009).”
From Targeting Metabolism for Cancer Therapy (2017) · cites this paper as Jiralerspong et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“Type 2 diabetic patients receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer as well as metformin were more likely to have pathologic complete response (pCR) than patients not receiving it.”
From Metformin: An Old But Still the Best Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (2013) · cites this paper as [156]
In the citing paper
“However, despite the increase in pCR, metformin did not significantly improve the estimated 3-year relapse-free survival rate [156].”
From Metformin: An Old But Still the Best Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (2013) · cites this paper as [156]
In the citing paper
“evidence that metformin may also have an adjunctive effect in patients receiving chemotherapy(270)”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [270]
In the citing paper
“There is further evidence that metformin may also have an adjunctive effect in patients receiving chemotherapy(270), and there are now more than 100 ongoing trials”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [270]
In the citing paper
“Metformin treatment was associated with higher pathologic complete response among early-stage breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy (95).”
From Diabetes and Cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [95]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. Adults
Calle, E. E., Rodriguez, C., Walker-Thurmond, K., & Thun, M. J. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021423 · Cited by 7,696
Renehan, A. G., Tyson, M., Egger, M., Heller, R. F., & Zwahlen, M. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60269-x · Cited by 5,219
TSC2 Mediates Cellular Energy Response to Control Cell Growth and Survival
Inoki, K., Zhu, T., & Guan, K.-L. (2003) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00929-2 · Cited by 3,914
Overweight, obesity and cancer: epidemiological evidence and proposed mechanisms
Calle, E. E., & Kaaks, R. (2004) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1408 · Cited by 3,613
Metformin and reduced risk of cancer in diabetic patients
Evans, J. M. M., Donnelly, L. A., Emslie-Smith, A. M., Alessi, D. R., & Morris, A. D. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38415.708634.f7 · Cited by 2,388
The Kinase LKB1 Mediates Glucose Homeostasis in Liver and Therapeutic Effects of Metformin
Shaw, R. J., Lamia, K. A., Vasquez, D., Koo, S.-H., Bardeesy, N., DePinho, R. A., Montminy, M., & Cantley, L. C. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1120781 · Cited by 1,950
Rastogi, P., Anderson, S. J., Bear, H. D., Geyer, C. E., Kahlenberg, M. S., Robidoux, A., Margolese, R. G., Hoehn, J. L., Vogel, V. G., Dakhil, S. R., et al. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2007.15.0235 · Cited by 1,789
Insulin-like growth factors and neoplasia
Pollak, M., Schernhammer, E. S., & Hankinson, S. E. (2004) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1387 · Cited by 1,477
Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Muoio, D. M., & Newgard, C. B. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2327 · Cited by 1,177
The LKB1 tumor suppressor negatively regulates mTOR signaling
Shaw, R. J., Bardeesy, N. M., Manning, B. D., Lopez, L. V., Kosmatka, M., DePinho, R. A., & Cantley, L. C. (2004) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.06.007 · Cited by 1,107
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Mieog JS, 2007, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2, CD005002
- 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.42 · DOI
- Fairey AS, 2003, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 12, 721
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–879 of 879
Mayer, M. (2016) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Hypertension and diabetes treatments and risk of adverse outcomes among breast cancer patients
Chen, L. (2016) · ResearchWorks at the University of Washington (University of Washington)
Characterization and targeting of metabolic alterations in the leukemic microenvironment
Luján, J. V. (2020) · Repositorio Institucional (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana) · doi:10.11144/javeriana.10554.19646
Metformin and Prostate Cancer among Diabetic Men
Margel, D. (2014) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Growth inhibition by metformin in YD-38 oral cancer cells derived from Korean
Seo, D. K., Kim, S.-G., Go, D.-S., Kim, C. S., Yu, S., & Kim, D. K. (2017) · Oral Biology Research · doi:10.21851/obr.41.02.201706.55
“Metformin, derived from French lilac, is an oral hypoglycemic drug that is widely used in the world [1-3].”
BackgroundLega, I. C. (2013) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Metformin: Hype or Hope for Cancer
Nar, A. (2017) · International Journal of Hematology and Oncology · doi:10.4999/uhod.171870
Why Metformin Is so Important for Prevention and Therapy in Climacteric Women
Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, J., Milewicz, A., Brona, A., & Bolanowski, M. (2018) · ISGE series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63540-8_11
Плейотропные эффекты метформина: антионкогенное действие (обзор литературы)
Pankiv, V. І. (2013) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) · doi:10.22141/2224-0721.1.49.2013.84051
Evaluation of Residual Tumor After Neoadjuvant Treatment
Nassar, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93257-6_21
Hodde, N. M., & Wood, M. E. (2018) · Current Breast Cancer Reports · doi:10.1007/s12609-018-0294-7
Liu, L., Song, Z., Chen, X., Hu, Y., Zhang, S., Nakamura, S., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Clinical Breast Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2019.02.002
RetractedOBESITY: A CAUSATIVE RISK FACTOR OF BREAST CANCER
Roy, A. S., Basu, S., & Bandyopadhyay, A. (2019) · International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research · doi:10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2018.2.9410
“the efficacy of another drug which acts as an insulin lowering agent named metformin, in reducing breast cancer recurrence is presently being studied extensively [101, 102, 103].”
BackgroundÜstün, F. (2019) · Nuclear Medicine Seminars · doi:10.4274/nts.galenos.2019.0005 · Cited by 3
Bateman, N. W., Teng, P.-N., Hope, E., Hood, B. L., Oliver, J., Ao, W., Zhou, M., Wang, G., Tommarello, D., Wilson, K. N., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/602870
Routine HbA1c among hematology and oncology inpatients: Diabetes-status and hospital-outcomes
Chiu, W.-L., Churilov, L. P., Lim, C.-H., Tan, A., Nedumannil, R., Lau, L., Lew, J., Hachem, M., Kong, A., Robbins, R., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.002
Krajewska, J., Krajewski, W. R., & Zatoński, T. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11815-0_59
Function of BACH1 as a key target of RKIP in breast cancer
Rosner, M. R., & Lee, J. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819612-0.00002-x
Clinical trials on combination of repurposed drugs and anticancer therapies
Ölgen, S. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819668-7.00015-4
Role of Metformin in Combination with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Treatment of Breast Cancer
Said, A. S. A., Al-Mutteleb, H. A. M. A., Abdeen, M. A. M., Hassan, M. A. A. R., & Ahmed, S. A. A. (2020) · The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.21608/ejhm.2020.114435
“Since high levels of insulin in the blood, due to the high number of insulin receptors in the cancer cells, have mitogenic effects and can cause tumor growth and proliferation, reducing insulin levels in the blood reduces the likelihood of malignity and prevents cancer cell proliferation ((8)).”
BackgroundMammographic density. A marker of treatment outcome in breast cancer
Skarping, I. D. (2020) · Lund University Publications (Lund University)
The role of mTOR signalling in translational control and cancer
Dowling, R. J. O. (2009) · eScholarship@McGill (McGill) · doi:10.82308/32572
Metformin May Block the Way Breast Cancer Metastasis: A Meta-analysis and Mechanism ReviewPreprint
Yang, M. W., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Peng, J., Xie, X., & Wei, X. (2020) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-56326/v1
“Based on these basic studies, various of clinic studies were conducted to explore whether adjuvant metformin may contribute to the prognosis of breast cancer patients [14, 15].”
BackgroundHuda, F., Ekawati, S. E. S., Addina, A. P. A. A. P., Faried, A., Berbudi, A., Rusdiana, T., Putri, T., Qomarilla, N., Hilfi, L. H. L., Setiawan, I. S. I., et al. (2021) · Sains Malaysiana · doi:10.17576/jsm-2021-5005-18
Investigation of the intrinsic mechanism of drug resistance in multiple myeloma
Ooi, M. G. M. (2011) · Dublin City University Open Access Institutional Repository (Dublin City University)
Breast Cancer with Associated Problems
Chintamani, C., Tandon, M., & Ghosh, J. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4546-4_24
Parsyan, A. E., Gonzalez-Angulo, A. M., Zardavas, D., Piccart, M. J., & Meterissian, S. H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9078-9_26
Self-citationChanda, A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4752-9_19
Need for a Specialized Interest in Food and Nutrition in Palliative Care
Tsiompanou, E. (2011) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b10936-3
Aktuelle internistische Literatur referiert und kommentiert
(2009) · Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00063-009-1193-5
Littlefield, A., Orceyre, D., & Cheng, S. Y. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190466268.003.0021
Targeting Immune Cell Metabolism for the Improvement of Cancer Therapy
Liu, W. (2022) · International Conference on Biotechnology, Life Science and Medical Engineering (BLSME) · doi:10.23977/blsme.2022037
“One possible explanation for the increased therapy efficacy is that the inhibitory effect of AMPK resulted in dysregulation of downstream signaling pathways and/or impair cell development and proliferation; however, a more complete and detailed mechanism of metformin in cancer cells remained further explored [30], [31…”
BackgroundMETFORMIN-SENSITIVE ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE
Кормош, Ж., Savchuk, L., Kormosh, N., ШЕВЧУК, М., Lyushuk, K., Савчук, Т. І., & Korolchuk, S. (2022) · Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University Series «Chemistry» · doi:10.24144/2414-0260.2022.1.70-77
Bánhegyi, R. J., Gazdag, A., Rácz, B., Szalai, L., Wagner, R. J., & Fülöp, N. (2022) · Orvosi Hetilap · doi:10.1556/650.2022.32041
Postlewait, L. M. (2022) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-022-12627-5
Dülgar, Ö., Ay, S., & Gümüş, M. (2022) · Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.21673/anadoluklin.1135546
МЕТФОРМІН-ЧУТЛИВИЙ ПОТЕНЦІОМЕТРИЧНИЙ СЕНСОР
Кормош, Ж., SAVCHUK, L., КОРМОШ, Н., ШЕВЧУК, М., ЛЮШУК, К., Савчук, Т. І., & Korolchuk, S. (2022) · Проблеми хімії та сталого розвитку · doi:10.32782/pcsd-2022-2-5
Data from Metformin Amplifies Chemotherapy-Induced AMPK Activation and Antitumoral Growth
Rocha, G. Z., Dias, M. M., Ropelle, E. R., Osório–Costa, F., Rossato, F. A., Vercesi, A. E., Saad, M. J. A., & Carvalheira, J. B. C. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.c.6518217
Skinner, H. D., Sandulache, V. C., Ow, T. J., Meyn, R. E., Yordy, J. S., Beadle, B. M., Fitzgerald, A. L., Giri, U. P., Ang, K. K., & Myers, J. N. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.c.6520878
Data from Metformin Amplifies Chemotherapy-Induced AMPK Activation and Antitumoral Growth
Rocha, G. Z., Dias, M. M., Ropelle, E. R., Osório–Costa, F., Rossato, F. A., Vercesi, A. E., Saad, M. J. A., & Carvalheira, J. B. C. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.c.6518217.v1
Skinner, H. D., Sandulache, V. C., Ow, T. J., Meyn, R. E., Yordy, J. S., Beadle, B. M., Fitzgerald, A. L., Giri, U. P., Ang, K. K., & Myers, J. N. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.c.6520878.v1
Wojciechowska, J. K., Krajewski, W. R., Zatoński, T., & Rodríguez‐Saldaña, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25519-9_63
Metabolic Syndrome As Forecast of Cancer
Sharma, I., & Sobti, R. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2196-6_29-1
Anti-cancer Efficacy of Metformin: Recent Updates on Breast and Other Cancers
Kabir, M. I., Kumar, R., Bugata, L. S. P., & Raina, K. (2023) · Current Pharmacology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40495-023-00336-w
“Study outcomes identified that diabetic BC patients on metformin had higher pathologic complete response (pCR) rates [80].”
BackgroundZarei, E., & Saadat, I. (2023) · Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics · doi:10.1186/s43042-023-00445-7
“On the other hand, metformin improves the response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, reduces the anticancer drug resistance in diabetic patients with breast cancer, and increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to drugs [7].”
BackgroundClinical potentials of metformin in cancer therapy
Sharma, N., & Dhingra, R. (2023) · Journal of Diabetology · doi:10.4103/jod.jod_84_23
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of Novel Drug Delivery Systems
Gharat, S., Momin, M. M., & Khan, T. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-7858-8_2
Metabolic Syndrome as Forecast of Cancer
Sharma, I., & Sobti, R. C. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-6263-1_29
Baratto, M. P. F., Piovesan, L. F., Fiorentin, L., Baptistella, S. F., de Carvalho, D., Marmitt, L. P., & Baptistella, A. R. (2025) · European Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.1097/cej.0000000000000967
Hamy, A., Grandal, B., Jochum, F., Dumas, É., Sella, N., Kassara, A., Barraud, S., Dubois, T., Ballesta, A., Everhard, S., et al. (2025) · ESMO Open · doi:10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104507
Metformina: paradigma de pleiotropismo terapéutico (1922-2025)
de Leiva, A., & Morell, F. (2025) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2025.107189
Metformin: Paradigm of therapeutic pleiotropism (1922–2025)
de Leiva, A., & Morell, F. (2025) · Medicina Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107189
Yang, J., Zhou, Y., 谢树夺, Wang, J., Li, Z., Chen, L., Mao, M., Chen, C., Huang, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14833315
Yang, J., Zhou, Y., 谢树夺, Wang, J., Li, Z., Chen, L., Mao, M., Chen, C., Huang, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14833318
Yang, J., Zhou, Y., 谢树夺, Wang, J., Li, Z., Chen, L., Mao, M., Chen, C., Huang, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14833309
Yang, J., Zhou, Y., 谢树夺, Wang, J., Li, Z., Chen, L., Mao, M., Chen, C., Huang, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14833321
Nile, D. L., Rae, C., Walker, D. J., Waddington, J. C., Vincent, I. M., Burgess, K., Gaze, M. N., Mairs, R. J., & Chalmers, A. J. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14623442
Yang, J., Zhou, Y., 谢树夺, Wang, J., Li, Z., Chen, L., Mao, M., Chen, C., Huang, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14833312
Lin, H., Kang, S. D., Xie, F., Lim, Y. X., Seah, S. H., Sabbaghian, A., Lu, S.-Y., Chew, T. G., Deng, L., Wang, S., et al. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15040381
Javed, S., Javed, U., Noor, D. A. M., Hanafiah, N. H. M., Mustafa, T., Rehman, A. U., & Harun, S. N. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0319314
“This observation is consistent with previous studies, which have suggested that obesity is not a significant predictor of PCR [32].”
Crosstalk between IGF-1 and estrogen receptor non-genomic signaling pathway in breast cancer
Choucair, A. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f47f4849zf8f2z41a1za5cfzf76d365b59bb · Cited by 1
Delehedde, C. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/79b9d873z2997z43e0z95a3zddde248acdee
Molins, E. A. G. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/252d1be2z22e8z4378zb146zfd4ec7fa46a7
Jiang, Z., Zhou, Y., Ma, M., Huang, M., & Wang, X. (2026) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s584898
Drug Repurposing Strategies in the Era of Precision Oncology
Orhan, A. (2026) · Cancer drug discovery and develogment/Cancer drug discovery and development · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-24071-2_14
Izabal, D. Y. A., Morales‐Lazcano, F., Zamudio, U. A. A., Canizalez‐Román, A., & León-Sicairos, N. M. (2026) · Clinical & Translational Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12094-026-04485-4
Hamam, N. G., Samir, M., Almosilhy, N. A., Whdan, M. M., Mohamed, O. M., & Helal, M. M. (2026) · Clinical Breast Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2026.07.017
Glucose-responsive nanocarriers for biomedical application
Atta, A. Y. A., Mahmoud, S. A., Fahmy, H. M., & Goda, E. S. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33641-6.00013-0
Ylikomi, T. J., & Nees, M. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18162600
Lin, H., Sui, Q., Chen, Z., Zhu, J., Huang, X., Yi, Y., Ren, S., Zhang, X., Shan, G., Bian, Y., et al. (2026) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2026.102407
Tumour hypoxia in clinical oncology: imaging, therapeutic strategies, and translational challenges
Lin, X., Murchú, M. Ó., Sheridan, L., Menon, S., Hanna, G. G., Kelly, H. M., & Simpson, C. R. (2026) · Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ctro.2026.101279
“Metformin's potential as an anti-cancer agent was identified after the observation was made that diabetic patients taking metformin had a lower cancer incidence than patients with or without diabetes taking other medicines [185 – 188], which was subsequently supported by retrospective studies.”
Translating Mammary Stem Cell and Cancer Stem Cell Biology to the Clinics
Pathania, R., Ganapathy, V., & Thangaraju, M. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2801-1_19
Metadata
- Authors
- Jiralerspong, S., Palla, S. L., Giordano, S. H., Meric-Bernstam, F., Liedtke, C., Barnett, C. M., Hsu, L., Hung, M.-C., Hortobagyi, G. N., & Gonzalez-Angulo, A. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- From the Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Quantitative Sciences, Surgical Oncology, Pharmacy, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, and Systems Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2009-07-10
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 3297-3302
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- PMC
- PMC2736070
- OpenAlex
- W2171998898
- Cited by
- 880
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 35.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Association for Cancer Research
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Amgen
- American Society of Clinical Oncology
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- National Institutes of Health (5k23ca121994-03)
- National Cancer Institute (1K23CA121994-01), K23-CA121994, 1K23CA121994)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- metformin, breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathological complete response, predictors of treatment response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Breast Neoplasms, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Metformin, Middle Aged, Remission Induction, Multivariate Analysis, Logistic Models, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Neoadjuvant Therapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
