The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Individual Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Patients With Advanced Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Spiritual well-being and sense of meaning are important concerns for clinicians who care for patients with cancer. We developed Individual Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (IMCP) to address the need for brief interventions targeting spiritual well-being and meaning for patients with advanced cancer. Patients and Methods: Patients with stage III or IV cancer (N = 120) were randomly assigned to seven sessions of either IMCP or therapeutic massage (TM). Patients were assessed before and after completing the intervention and 2 months postintervention. Primary outcome measures assessed spiritual well-being and quality of life; secondary outcomes included anxiety, depression, hopelessness, symptom burden, and symptom-related distress. Results: Of the 120 participants randomly assigned, 78 (65%) completed the post-treatment assessment and 67 (56%) completed the 2-month follow-up. At the post-treatment assessment, IMCP participants demonstrated significantly greater improvement than the control condition for the primary outcomes of spiritual well-being (b = 0.39; P <.001, including both components of spiritual well-being (sense of meaning: b = 0.34; P = .003 and faith: b = 0.42; P = .03), and quality of life (b = 0.76; P = .013). Significantly greater improvements for IMCP patients were also observed for the secondary outcomes of symptom burden (b = −6.56; P < .001) and symptom-related distress (b = −0.47; P < .001) but not for anxiety, depression, or hopelessness. At the 2-month follow-up assessment, the improvements observed for the IMCP group were no longer significantly greater than those observed for the TM group. Conclusion: IMCP has clear short-term benefits for spiritual suffering and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Clinicians working with patients who have advanced cancer should consider IMCP as an approach to enhance quality of life and spiritual well-being.
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In the citing paper
“Additionally, early randomized controlled trials have shown that a meaning-centered therapy, delivered either in a group or individual format, can help raise meaning and purpose in life among people with cancer (32, 33).”
From Purpose in life and use of preventive health care services (2014) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“Individual MCP was compared with a control group (massage therapists), and the results showed that MCP produced a greater improvement in meaning in life, spiritual wellbeing, faith, physical symptoms of distress, burnout, and quality of life.”
From Spanish Adaptation of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Participants With Cancer: Study Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The same authors indicated that there were no statistically significant improvements in depression or anxiety.”
From Spanish Adaptation of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Participants With Cancer: Study Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“However, the improvement was not sustained at 2 months.”
From Spanish Adaptation of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Participants With Cancer: Study Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Further, many interventions for adults with metastatic cancer (e.g., [14, 23]) are disconnected from the scientific evidence base on how to effectively reduce distress or change behavior.”
In the citing paper
“Palliative care research has developed personally tailored, individually delivered interventions requiring significant resources (e.g., [14, 23, 38])”
In the citing paper
“An increasing number of randomized controlled trials show that purpose in life can be raised.”
From Purpose in life and use of preventive health care services (2014) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“findings of physical benefits from interventions designed to enhance R/S indicate that R/S does contribute to better health.39-41”
From Religion, spirituality, and physical health in cancer patients: A meta‐analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Although few spiritually-based interventions have been tested in cancer patients, available data suggest that they may improve quality of life and physical recovery. 39-41”
From Religion, spirituality, and physical health in cancer patients: A meta‐analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
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“Meaning-centered psychotherapy studies, for example, often assess spiritual well-being and quality of life as key outcomes and hopelessness as a secondary outcome (Breitbart et al., 2012).”
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“Of the 14 RCTs of mental health interventions evaluated in this review, there were 2 testing meaning-centered psychotherapy [26,27], 1 testing a brief psychosocial intervention (elements of CBT) [28], 1 guided self-help intervention [29], 1 CBT [30], 1 dignity therapy [31], 2 narrative interview [32,33], 1 emotion-foc…”
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“their quality of life, symptom burden, and symptom-related distress while participating in the intervention (Breitbart et al., 2012).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe promise of clinical interventions for hepatocellular carcinoma from the west to mainland China
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“…ovarian cancer patients revealed impact for the subgroup who received additional psychological intervention but not for the full sample (McCorkle et al., 2009); two trials showed impact for post-intervention but not for the follow-up time (Rummans et al., 2006; Breitbart et al., 2012).”
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“Similarly, studies investigating the effect size of meaning-centered interventions on some dependent variables, such as spiritual well-being and quality of life, reported that the intervention had a medium to high effect size [14, 44].”
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“[100,101] In summary, the attention and monitoring of spirituality and its existential issues can involve psychology as a science and profession, emphasizing the plurality of possible approaches in terms of theories and techniques.”
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BackgroundChronic Pain and Meaning in Life: Challenge and Change
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“Individual MCP (IMCP) emerged in Breitbart et al. (2012) to avoid attrition in the group format.”
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“Studies have shown that MCP is effective in enhancing QoL and spiritual well-being, as well as reducing depression and desire for death in patients with advanced cancer.(12,13) The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MCP for patients with pancreatobiliary cancer who reported clinically significant…”
BackgroundResultResearch progress in the definition, assessment tools, and practice of spiritual care
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“The IMC was conducted in seven sessions (Breitbart et al., 2012) and up to 14 sessions (Breitbart et al., 2018), which an hour for each session.”
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BackgroundVicarious resilience: traversing the path from client to clinician through a search for meaning
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“The intervention (both group- and individually- based MCP) has been found, across multiple randomized controlled studies, to be effective at enhancing meaning and improving spiritual well-being and quality of life (Breitbart et al., 2018, 2012, 2010).”
BackgroundPsychosocial Interventions for End‐of‐Life Care: An Invited Commentary
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Duva, M. M., Haugen, P. T., Werth, A. S., Foster, A., Chassman, E., Roberts, K. E., DePierro, J. M., Morales-Miller, M., Lowe, S. M., Pessin, H., et al. (2020) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951520000061 · Cited by 5
Self-citationFairman, N. P., Hirst, J. M., & Irwin, S. A. (2015) · doi:10.1002/9781118772607.ch6 · Cited by 5
Greaves‐Lord, K., Alma, M., de Graaff, B., Landsman-Dijkstra, J., van der Weide, K., Jagersma, G., Beskers, T., Wubs, M., Mandemaker, H., van Daalen, E., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1229596 · Cited by 4
Development and Validation of a Self-Report Measure of Existential Well-Being
Picardi, A., & Filastro, A. (2025) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/0117450179366317250410071321 · Cited by 7
Espiritualidade, Religiosidade, Distress e Qualidade de Vida em Pacientes Oncológicos
Okuma, G. Y., Manhães, M. F. M., Pedras, R. N., de Azevedo, I. M., Domenico, E. B. L. D., & Bergerot, C. D. (2021) · Revista Psicologia e Saúde · doi:10.20435/pssa.v13i2.1097 · Cited by 4
Kremeike, K., Boström, K., Dojan, T., Monforte‐Royo, C., Rosenfeld, B. D., Voltz, R., Rietz, C., & Strupp, J. (2025) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951524001524 · Cited by 4
“…(SAHD-D) and Spanish (SAHD-SV) translation and validation studies (Galushko et al. 2015; Villavicencio-Chávez et al. 2014) as well as 5 studies that applied these validated versions in the field (Breitbart et al. 2012, 2010, 2015; Kremeike et al. 2018; Rosenfeld et al. 2011; Voltz et al. 2022).”
InfluentialSelf-citationMeaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP) for Advanced Cancer Patients
BREITBART, W. S. (2016) · Logotherapy and existential analysis: proceedings of the Viktor Frankl Institute Vienna · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29424-7_14 · Cited by 4
Self-citationPsychosomatic Psychiatry in Spain: Historical Notes and the State of the Art
Lobo, A., Blanch, J., Campos, R., Farré, J. M., Gómez-Reino, I., Lobo, E., Gutiérrez-Marco, J. C., Menchón, J. M., Navío, M., Parramón, G., et al. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12584-4_13 · Cited by 4
Religious and Spiritual Interventions in Health: Scientific Evidence
Gonçalves, J. P. D. B., & Vallada, H. (2019) · Religion, spirituality and health: a social scientific approach · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21221-6_7 · Cited by 4
Torres‐Blasco, N., Castro, E., Crespo, I., González, K., Ramírez, E. P., Garduño-Ortega, O., & Costas-Muñíz, R. (2019) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951519000567 · Cited by 4
The Physician and End-of-Life Spiritual Care: The PALliatiVE Approach
Antunes, M., & Reis-Pina, P. (2022) · The American journal of hospice & palliative care · doi:10.1177/10499091211068819 · Cited by 3
“randomized-controlled trials (Breitbart et al.(69) and Julião(67)) supporting it.”
Costas-Muñíz, R., Torres‐Blasco, N., Castro, E., Claros, M., Narang, B., Vazquez, O., Montaña, F., Sanchez, J. C., & Gany, F. M. (2022) · Implementation Research and Practice · doi:10.1177/26334895221096291 · Cited by 4
“MCP was designed to target the specific psycho-spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer by enhancing a sense of meaning, peace, and purpose as they face an advanced diagnosis (Breitbart et al., 2018; Breitbart et al., 2012; Breitbart et al., 2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLuftnot, Jucken und Depression in der Palliativmedizin
Mücke, M., Conrad, R., Bleckwenn, M., Cuhls, H., Radbruch, L., & Rolke, R. (2016) · Der Schmerz · doi:10.1007/s00482-016-0104-y · Cited by 4
“Eine Studie mit 120Krebspatienten inEinzeltherapie inder letztenLebensphasekonnte eineSteigerungderLebensqualität und spirituellen Sinnerfüllung zeigen, aber keine Besserung depressiver Symptome [65].”
Kang, K., Han, S. J., Kim, S., & Lim, Y. S. (2018) · Asian Oncology Nursing · doi:10.5388/aon.2018.18.4.173 · Cited by 4
“…(2006a)8 High Low High Low Low Low Low Low Id Author (year) RSG AC BPP BOA IOD SR Otherbias 3 Breitbart et al. (2010)7 Low Low Low Low Low Low Low 4 Breitbart et al. (2012)1 Low Low Low Low Low Low Low 5 Breitbart et al. (2015)2 Low Low Low Low Low Low Low 7 Henry et al. (2010)6 Low Low Low Low…”
BackgroundDesarrollo de una Intervención en Espiritualidad en Pacientes con Cáncer
Pedraza, R. S., Matamoros, F. A. S., & Urrego, S. C. S. C. (2014) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy14-1.dice · Cited by 5
Jordan, A. E., Malhotra, S., Maree, R. D., Schenker, Y., Arnold, R. M., & Reynolds, C. F. (2015) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000069 · Cited by 4
A forbidden topic at the end of life: “What about you after I'm gone?”
Iwasaki, M., Bianca, M. S. D., & Nicholas, D. R. (2018) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4772 · Cited by 4
“Cancer patients in an existentially focused Meaning‐Centered Group Psychotherapy group showed significantly better spiritual well‐being and life meaning compared with those in the control group.(8) Furthermore, in a preliminary couples' intervention study, using the Patient Dignity Inventory, promising results such as…”
BackgroundResultThe physician's role in physician-assisted suicide
BREITBART, W. S. (2012) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951512000752 · Cited by 4
Self-citationTantam, D., & van Deurzen, E. (2019) · doi:10.1002/9781119167198.ch27 · Cited by 4
Firkins, J. L., Tomic, I., Hansen, L., & Woodrell, C. D. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-09306-y · Cited by 3
Wong, K. S. S., Ho, M., Hou, T., & Lin, C. (2025) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.08.014 · Cited by 3
A pragmatic randomized controlled pilot trial of brief meaning‐centered psychotherapy in home care
Saracino, R. M., Park, E. Y., Pessin, H., Onorato, N., McDonald, M. V., Demirjian, C. C., Schofield, E., Rosenfeld, B. D., BREITBART, W. S., & Applebaum, A. J. (2025) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.70082 · Cited by 3
Self-citationOchoa, C., Arizu-Onassis, A., Medina, J. C., Flix-Valle, A., Ciria‐Suarez, L., Gómez-Fernández, D., Souto-Sampera, A., Brao, I., Palmero, R., Nadal, E., et al. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100620 · Cited by 3
Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Cancer Caregivers
Applebaum, A. J., & BREITBART, W. S. (2024) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197640777.001.0001 · Cited by 4
Self-citationEnd-of-Life Care and Cancer: Psychosocial Needs of Patients and the Bereaved
Roberts, K. E., Panjwani, A. A., Marziliano, A. M., Applebaum, A. J., & Lichtenthal, W. G. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78649-0_14 · Cited by 3
Self-citationGrossman, M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-06101-1_10 · Cited by 3
McAndrew, N. S., Rosa, W. E., Moore, K. M., Christianson, J., AbuZahra, T., Mussatti, M., McCracken, C., Newman, A. R., Calkins, K., Breakwell, S., et al. (2023) · SAGE Open Nursing · doi:10.1177/23779608231165688 · Cited by 3
Impact of Spiritual Care on Patient Outcomes at the End of Life
Belk, W., & Balboni, T. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-50864-6_13 · Cited by 3
Hajek, A., & König, H. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061525 · Cited by 3
Clinical psychology in palliative care
Mehnert, A. (2015) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0413 · Cited by 3
Psychiatric Issues in Cancer Patients
Roth, A. J., & Jaeger, A. (2018) · The American Cancer Society's Principles of Oncology · doi:10.1002/9781119468868.ch29 · Cited by 2
McDaniels, B. W., Choi, H., Fricano, R., Kim, B. J., & Subramanian, I. (2025) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108074 · Cited by 2
Meaning and Psychedelics in Palliative Care: A Narrative Review
Alexander, W. B., Hansen, E., Anderson, B. T., Zarrabi, A. J., Rogers, A. H., Loewen, G., Ficcaro, Z. R., Alexander, M. H., Schaefer, D., & Case, A. A. (2025) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.10.015 · Cited by 3
Applebaum, A. J., Walsh, L. E., Zaider, T., Baser, R. E., Loschiavo, M. J., Breitbart, W. S., & Lichtenthal, W. G. (2026) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-026-09621-7 · Cited by 3
“Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (MCP) [23, 24] is an empirically supported intervention originally developed to help patients with advanced, life-limiting cancers connect to meaning and purpose, despite the challenges they face.”
Self-citationStrengthening Families Facing Breast Cancer: Emerging Trends and Clinical Recommendations
Keitel, M. A., Lamm, A., & Moadel-Robblee, A. B. (2016) · Emerging issues in family and individual resilience · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26033-4_8 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Breitbart, W., Poppito, S., Rosenfeld, B., Vickers, A. J., Li, Y., Abbey, J., Olden, M., Pessin, H., Lichtenthal, W., Sjoberg, D., & Cassileth, B. R.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2012-04-20
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1304-1309
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- PMC
- PMC3646315
- OpenAlex
- W2099057220
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 32.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA008748)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT001031)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- advanced cancer, spiritual well-being, meaningfulness, faith, quality of life, therapeutic massage, symptom burden, brief psychotherapy, spiritual distress
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasms, Patient Compliance, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Group, Quality of Life, Terminal Care, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Treatment Outcome, Terminally Ill, Spirituality, Precision Medicine
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