Burden of Geriatric Events Among Older Adults Undergoing Major Cancer Surgery
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Most malignancies are diagnosed in older adults who are potentially susceptible to aging-related health conditions; however, the manifestation of geriatric syndromes during surgical cancer treatment is not well quantified. Accordingly, we sought to assess the prevalence and ramifications of geriatric events during major surgery for cancer. Patients and Methods: Using Nationwide Inpatient Sample data from 2009 to 2011, we examined hospital admissions for major cancer surgery among elderly patients (ie, age ≥ 65 years) and a referent group age 55 to 64 years. From these observations, we identified geriatric events that included delirium, dehydration, falls and fractures, failure to thrive, and pressure ulcers. We then estimated the collective prevalence of these events according to age, comorbidity, and cancer site and further explored their relationship with other hospital-based outcomes. Results: Within a weighted sample of 939,150 patients, we identified at least one event in 9.2% of patients. Geriatric events were most common among patients age ≥ 75 years, with a Charlson comorbidity score ≥ 2, and who were undergoing surgery for cancer of the bladder, ovary, colon and/or rectum, pancreas, or stomach (P < .001). Adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics, those patients who experienced a geriatric event had a greater likelihood of concurrent complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.73; 95% CI, 3.55 to 3.92), prolonged hospitalization (OR, 5.47; 95% CI, 5.16 to 5.80), incurring high cost (OR, 4.97; 95% CI, 4.58 to 5.39), inpatient mortality (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.94 to 3.53), and a discharge disposition other than home (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 3.46 to 3.84). Conclusion: Many older patients who receive cancer-directed surgery experience a geriatric event, particularly those who undergo major abdominal surgery. These events are linked to operative morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and more expensive health care. As our population ages, efforts focused on addressing conditions and complications that are more common in older adults will be essential to delivering high-quality cancer care.
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Older adults who undergo cancer surgery face a higher risk of poor postoperative outcomes, including morbidity, longer hospital stays, and impaired functional status.
“Older adults undergoing cancer surgery are at greater risk for poor postoperative outcomes, including morbidity, increased length of hospital stay, and impaired functional status [5, 6].”
From Pilot study of a telehealth perioperative physical activity intervention for older adults with cancer and their caregivers (2020) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Tan, H.-J., Saliba, D., Kwan, L., Moore, A. A., & Litwin, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Hung-Jui
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2016-04-10
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1231-1238
- ISSN
- 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1527-7755
- PMC
- PMC4872324
- OpenAlex
- W2277027128
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 5.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Cancer Society
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K24AA015957, K24AA15957)
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG028748, P30AG021684)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Keywords
- geriatric syndromes, older adults, cancer surgery, major abdominal surgery, delirium, dehydration, falls and fractures, failure to thrive, pressure ulcers, postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay, health care costs, in-hospital mortality, comorbidities, tumor location
- MeSH terms
- Accidental Falls, Age Factors, Aged, Pressure Ulcer, Dehydration, Delirium, Failure to Thrive, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies, Surgical Procedures, Operative, United States, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Cost of Illness, Fractures, Bone
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