Nanomedicine scale-up technologies: feasibilities and challenges
Open accessAbstract
Nanomedicine refers to biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of nanosized cargos of drugs/vaccine/DNA therapeutics including nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and nanospheres. Such particles have unique characteristics related to their size, surface, drug loading, and targeting potential. They are widely used to combat disease by controlled delivery of bioactive(s) or for diagnosis of life-threatening problems in their very early stage. The bioactive agent can be combined with a diagnostic agent in a nanodevice for theragnostic applications. However, the formulation scientist faces numerous challenges related to their development, scale-up feasibilities, regulatory aspects, and commercialization. This article reviews recent progress in the method of development of nanoparticles with a focus on polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, their scale-up techniques, and challenges in their commercialization.
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Polymeric micelles have a prolonged blood circulation time provided by the naturally present hydrophilic corona.
“The consequence is the formation of systems with unique characteristics with respect to other nanocarriers: smaller size enabling the passive targeting to solid tumors (even poorly-permeable ones) [18] and a more efficient cellular internalization [19], good solubilization properties of hydrophobic compounds assimilated in the lipophilic core and a prolonged blood circulation time provided by the”
From Polymeric micelles in drug delivery: An insight of the techniques for their characterization and assessment in biorelevant conditions (2021) · cites this paper as [20]
Our copy discusses nanoparticle production, including hydrophilic drugs in lipid particles in the Multiple-Emulsion section (page unavailable), but that passage does not address polymeric micelles. Searches for polymeric micelles, prolonged blood circulation, and hydrophilic corona found no passage linking a micelle corona to circulation time. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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- Authors
- Paliwal, R., Babu, R. J., & Palakurthi, S.
- Affiliations
- Texas A&M Health Science Center (US)
- Auburn University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Palakurthi, Srinath
- Venue
- AAPS PharmSciTech
- Published
- 2014-07-22
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1527-1534
- ISSN
- 1530-9932 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4245446
- OpenAlex
- W1969018013
- Cited by
- 466
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 79 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AAPS PharmSciTech (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Drug Discovery › Pharmacology and Nanomedicine Research
- Keywords
- nanomedicine, scale-up, nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, drug delivery, therapeutics, theranostics, commercialization, regulatory challenges, formulation development
- MeSH terms
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Drug Carriers, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Excipients, Polymers, Quality Control, Technology, Pharmaceutical, Nanomedicine, Nanoparticles
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