The corticotropin–release inhibitory factor hypothesis: a review of the evidence for the existence of inhibitory as well as stimulatory hypophysiotropic regulation of adrenocorticotropin secretion and biosynthesis

Effect of Late Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Disconnection on the Development of the HPA Axis in the Ovine Fetus and the Initiation of Parturition

Deayton, J. M., Young, I. R., Hollingworth, S., White, A. E., Crosby, S. R., & Thorburn, G. D. (1994) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1994.tb00551.x · Cited by 27

Brain neuropeptide Y in the control of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the dog

Inui, A., Inoue, T., Nakajima, M., Okita, M., Sakatani, N., Okimura, Y., Chihara, K., & Baba, S. (1990) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91369-r · Cited by 27

THE PITUITARY‐ADRENAL RESPONSE TO CRF‐41 IS UNALTERED BY INTRAVENOUS SOMATOSTATIN IN NORMAL SUBJECTS

Stafford, P. J., Kopelman, P. G., DAVIDSON, K., McLoughlin, L., White, A. E., REES, L. H., BESSER, G. M., Coy, D. H., & Grossman, A. B. (1989) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00272.x · Cited by 26

Elevated Plasma Levels of Pro-opiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides in Sheep following Hypothalamo-Pituitary Disconnection

Clarke, I. J., Clements, J. A., Cummins, J. T., Dench, F., Smith, A. I., Robinson, P. M., & Funder, J. W. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000124693 · Cited by 26

Effects of corticosterone on the secretion of corticotrophin-releasing factor, arginine vasopressin and oxytocin into hypophysial portal blood in long-term hypophysectomized rats

Sheward, W. J., & Fink, G. (1991) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1290091 · Cited by 26

Guanosine 3′:5′cyclic monophosphate and activators of guanylate cyclase inhibit secretagogue-induced corticotropin release by rat anterior pituitary cells

Antoni, F. A., & Dayanithi, G. (1989) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(89)92796-4 · Cited by 25

Regulation of Human Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone Gene Expression by 3′,5′-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate in a Transformed Mouse Corticotroph Cell Line

Dorin, R. I., Takahashi, H. K., Nakai, Y., Fukata, J., Naitoh, Y., & Imura, H. (1989) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend-3-10-1537 · Cited by 25

Neurovascular Regulation of the Anterior Hypophysis

Porter, J. C., Mical, R. S., Ben‐Jonathan, N., & Ondo, J. G. (1973) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571129-6.50008-7 · Cited by 24

Corticoliberin-immunoreactive cell bodies localised in two distinct areas of the sheep hypothalamus

Kolodziejczyk, E., Baertschi, A. J., & Tramu, G. (1983) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(83)90292-0 · Cited by 24

Transient increase in prolactin secretion following hypothalamo-pituitary disconnection in ewes during anoestrus and the breeding season

Thomas, G., Cummins, J. T., Cavanagh, L., & Clarke, I. J. (1986) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1110425 · Cited by 24

Release of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone connecting peptides PS4 and PS5 from perifused rat hypothalamic slices

Valentijn, K. M., Bunel, D. T., Liao, N., Pelletier, G., & Vaudry, H. (1991) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(91)90263-n · Cited by 24

Surgical Disconnection of the Medial Basal Hypothalamus and Pituitary Function in the Rhesus Monkey. IV. Prolactin Secretion12

Butler, W. R., Krey, L. C., Lu, K. H., PECKHAM, W. D., & Knobil, E. (1975) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-96-5-1099 · Cited by 24

Glucocorticoid Regulation of Proopiomelanocortin Gene Expression in the Pituitary Gland of Hypothalamopituitary Intact and Hypothalamopituitary Disconnected Sheep

Mercer, J. E., Clements, J. A., Clarke, I. J., & Funder, J. W. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000125234 · Cited by 23

Characterization of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in dissociated brain cell cultures

Kapcala, L. P., & Souza, E. B. D. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90357-5 · Cited by 23

Regulation of Secretion of Adrenotropic and Thyrotropic Hormones After Stalk Section

Barrnett, R. J., & GREEP, R. O. (1951) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1951.167.3.569 · Cited by 23

Hypothalamic peptide regulation of ACTH secretion from sheep pituitary

Kemppainen, R. J., Clark, T. P., Sartin, J. L., & Zerbe, C. A. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1993.265.4.r840 · Cited by 22

Comparative Chromatography of Hypothalamic Corticotrophin-Releasing Factors

Gillies, G. E., Puri, A., Linton, E. A., & Lowry, P. J. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000123860 · Cited by 22

Preprothyrotropin-releasing hormone-(178-199) does not inhibit corticotropin release.

Nicholson, W. E., & Orth, D. N. (1996) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.137.5.8612564 · Cited by 22

Evidence that the stimulation by arginine vasopressin of the release of adrenocorticotropin from the ovine anterior pituitary involves the activation of protein kinase C

Liu, J., Engler, D., Funder, J. W., & Robinson, P. J. (1992) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(92)90231-t · Cited by 22

DISCHARGE OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE IN THE ABSENCE OF NEURAL CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE PITUITARY AND HYPOTHALAMUS

Cheng, C.-P., Sayers, G., Goodman, L. S., & Swinyard, C. A. (1949) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1949.158.1.45 · Cited by 22

Effects of naloxone on corticosterone response to stress

Tapp, W. N., MITTLER, J. C., & Natelson, B. H. (1981) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(81)90143-x · Cited by 21

Immunocytochemical identification of CRF in the human hypothalamus.

Mouri, T., Suda, T., Sasano, N., Andoh, N., Takei, Y., Takase, M., Sasaki, A., Murakami, O., & YOSHINAGA, K. (1984) · The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1620/tjem.142.423 · Cited by 21

Calmodulin Inhibitors Decrease the CRF- and AVP-Induced ACTH Release in vitro: Interaction of Calcium-Calmodulin and the Cyclic AMP System

Murakami, K., Hashimoto, K., & Ota, Z. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000124146 · Cited by 21

The effect of somatostatin and of prolyl-leucyl-glycinamide (MIF) on ACTH release in dispersed pituitary cells

Voigt, K. H., Fehm, H. L., Lang, R. E., & Walter, R. (1977) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(77)90084-4 · Cited by 21

Atrial natriuretic factor reduces vasopressin and angiotensin II but not the ACTH response to acute hypoglycaemic stress in normal men

Wittert, G., Espiner, E. A., Richards, M., Donald, R. A., Livesey, J., & Yandle, T. G. (1993) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1993.tb00991.x · Cited by 21

AN ANALOGUE OF MET‐ENKEPHALIN ATTENUATES THE PITUITARY‐ADRENAL RESPONSE TO OVINE CORTICOTROPHIN RELEASING FACTOR

Grossman, A. B., Delitala, G., Mannelli, M., Al‐Damluji, S., Coy, D. H., & BESSER, G. M. (1986) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1986.tb01708.x · Cited by 20

Plasma immunoreactive somatostatin levels in rat hypophysial portal blood: Effect of glucagon administration

Abe, H., Kato, Y., Chiba, T., Taminato, T., & Fujita, T. (1978) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(78)90461-7 · Cited by 20

Neuropeptide‐Y Stimulates Pituitary‐Adrenal Activity in Fetal and Adult Sheep

Brooks, A. N., Howe, D. C., Porter, D. W. F., & NAYLOR, A. M. (1994) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1994.tb00567.x · Cited by 20

Atrial natriuretic peptide does not affect corticotropin-releasing factor-, arginine vasopressin- and angiotensin II-induced adrenocorticotropic hormone release in vivo or in vitro

Hashimoto, K., Hattori, T., Suemaru, S., SUGAWARA, M., Takao, T., Kageyama, J., & Ota, Z. (1987) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/0167-0115(87)90032-2 · Cited by 20

CORTICOSTEROID SECRETION FOLLOWING CAVAL CONSTRICTION IN DOGS WITH ISOLATED PITUITARIES1

Egdahl, R. H. (1961) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-68-2-226 · Cited by 20

Marked changes of arginine vasopressin, oxytocin, and corticotropin- releasing hormone in hypophysial portal plasma after pituitary stalk damage in the rat

Makara, G. B., Sutton, S. W., Otto, S., & Plotsky, P. M. (1995) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.136.5.7720631 · Cited by 20

Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor and Arginine Vasopressin Fibre Projections to the Median Eminence of Fetal Sheep

Levidiotis, M. L., Oldfield, B. J., & Wintour, M. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000124860 · Cited by 20

The effect of naloxone administration on the secretion of corticotropin- releasing hormone, arginine vasopressin, and adrenocorticotropin in unperturbed horses

Alexander, S. L., & IRVINE, C. H. G. (1995) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.136.11.7588252 · Cited by 19

Further Studies on Adrenal Cortical Function in Dogs with Isolated Pituitaries

Egdahl, R. H. (1962) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-71-6-926 · Cited by 19

Atrial natriuretic peptide in physiological doses does not inhibit the ACTH or cortisol response to corticotrophinreleasing hormone-41 in normal human subjects

Ur, E., Faria, M., Tsagarakis, S., Anderson, J. V., BESSER, G. M., & Grossman, A. B. (1991) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1310163 · Cited by 19

Immunocytochemical ultrastructural study of hypothalamic neurons containing corticotropin-releasing factor in normal and adrenalectomized rats

Alonso, G., Siaud, P., & ASSENMACHER, I. (1988) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(88)90349-1 · Cited by 18

EVIDENCE FOR POST-TRANS LATI ON AL PROCESSING OF AURICULIN B TO ATRIOPEPTIN III IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO SECRETION BY HYPOTHALAMIC NEURONS IN CULTURE

LIM, A. T. W., & COPOLOV, B. D. D. (1990) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-127-5-2598 · Cited by 18

Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone in the Pancreas and Brain of the Rat Is Regulated by Central Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic Pathways

Engler, D., Chad, D. A., & JACKSON, I. M. D. (1982) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110571 · Cited by 18

Release of oxytocin but not corticotrophin-releasing factor-41 into rat hypophysial portal vessel blood can be made opiate dependent

Sheward, W. J., Coombes, J. E., Bicknell, R. J., Fink, G., & Russell, J. A. (1990) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1240141 · Cited by 18

Characteristics of the cAMP Response Unit

Montminy, M., González, G., & Yamamoto, K. K. (1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571146-3.50012-2 · Cited by 18

Section of the Pituitary Stalk in the Rhesus Monkey

Antunes, J. L., Louis, K. M., Cogen, P. H., Zimmerman, E. A., & Ferin, M. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000122979 · Cited by 18

The coexistence of oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing factor in the hypothalamus: An immunocytochemical study in the rat, sheep and hedgehog

Papadopoulos, G. C., Karamanlidis, A. N., Michaloudi, H. C., Dinopoulos, A., Antonopoulos, J., & Parnavelas, J. G. (1985) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(85)90357-x · Cited by 17

Differential effects of hypothalamic catecholamine depletion on the release of arginine vasopressin and CRF-41 into hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal blood

Eckland, D. J. A., Todd, K., Jessop, D. S., Biswas, S., & Lightman, S. L. (1988) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(88)90204-2 · Cited by 17

Studies of the mechanisms of action of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the ovine anterior pituitary: evidence that CRF and AVP stimulate protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation

Jun-Ping, L. (1994) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(94)90186-4 · Cited by 16

Hypothalamic peptides influencing secretion of ACTH by isolated adenohypophysial cells

Sayers, G., Hanzmann, E., & Bodanszky, M. (1980) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)80652-1 · Cited by 15

Ovine anterior pituitary proopiomelanocortin gene expression is not increased by ACTH secretagogues in vitro

Levin, N. W., Wallace, C., Bengani, N., Blum, M., Farnworth, P. G., Smith, A. I., & Roberts, J. L. (1993) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.132.4.8384993 · Cited by 15

EFFECT OF HYPOPHYSIAL STALK SECTION ON ADENOHYPOPHYSIAL FUNCTION*

Tang, P. C., & Patton, H. D. (1951) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-49-1-86 · Cited by 14

ROLE OF THE NEUROHYPOPHYSIS IN THE RELEASE OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE IN THE RAT

Arimura, A., YAMAGUCHI, T., YOSHIMURA, K., IMAZEKI, T., & Itoh, S. (1965) · The Japanese Journal of Physiology · doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.15.278 · Cited by 14

Hypothalamic release of atrial natriuretic factor and β-endorphin into rat hypophysial portal plasma: relationship to oestrous cycle and effects of hypophysectomy

Sheward, W. J., Lim, A., Alder, B., Copolov, D., Dow, R. C., & Fink, G. (1991) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1310113 · Cited by 13

Characterization of high affinity receptor sites for atrial natriuretic factor in anterior pituitary gland: Evidence for the existence of two receptor forms

Koch, B., Boudjada, T., & Lutz‐Bucher, B. (1988) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80125-6 · Cited by 13

Intensive venous sampling of adrenocorticotropic hormone in rats with sham or paraventricular nucleus lesions

Boyle, L. L., Brownfield, M. S., Lent, S. J., Goodman, B., Vo-Hill, H., Litwin, J., & Carnes, M. L. (1997) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1530159 · Cited by 13

Effect of Cortisol Infusion on the Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Disconnected Fetal Sheep

Antolovich, G. C., McMillen, C., Robinson, P. M., Silver, M., Young, I. R., & Perry, R. A. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000126244 · Cited by 12

Adrenocortical Function in Monkeys After Forebrain Removal or Pituitary Stalk Section

Kendall, J. W., & Roth, J. (1969) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-84-3-686 · Cited by 12

ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSE TO EPINEPHRINE IN NEUROHYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS

Itoh, S., NISHIMURA, Y., YAMAMOTO, M., & Takahashi, H. (1964) · The Japanese Journal of Physiology · doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.14.177 · Cited by 12

ANF(1-28) is a Potent Suppressor of Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA but a Weak Inhibitor of βEP-LI Release from AtT-20 Cells

Tan, T. T., Yang, Z., Huang, W., & LIM, A. T. W. (1994) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.143r001 · Cited by 11

Corticotropin-release inhibitory factor

Engler, D., Liu, J., Clarke, I. J., & Funder, J. W. (1994) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/1043-2760(94)p3202-i · Cited by 9

ANP(5–28) is the major molecular species in hypophysial portal blood of the rat

LIM, A. T. W., Dow, R. C., Yang, Z., & Fink, G. (1994) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/0196-9781(94)90132-5 · Cited by 9

A comparative study of the role of adenylate cyclase in the release of adrenocorticotropin from the ovine and rat anterior pituitary

Liu, J., Robinson, P. J., Funder, J. W., & Engler, D. (1994) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(94)90232-1 · Cited by 8

Evidence that the hypothalamus exerts both stimulatory and inhibitory influences over adrenocorticotropin secretion and biosynthesis in the sheep

Engler, D. (1993) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/0167-0115(93)90202-j · Cited by 8

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, Cyclic GMP Analogues and Modulation of Guanylyl Cyclase do not Alter Stimulated POMC Peptide Release From Perifused Rat or Sheep Corticotrophs

Bowman, M. E., Robinson, P. J., & Smith, R. F. (1997) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.1997.00665.x · Cited by 7

RETENTION OF NORMAL INSULIN TOLERANCE AND ADRENAL CORTEX AFTER EXTIRPATION OF THE HYPOPHYSIAL STALK IN THE DOG

Keller, A. D., & Breckenridge, C. G. (1947) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1947.150.1.222 · Cited by 7

Dual Control of Corticotropin Secretion: Isolation of Corticotropin-Inhibiting Factor

Redei, E. E., & Evans, C. J. (1989) · Hans Selye symposia on neuroendocrinology and stress · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3514-9_6 · Cited by 6

Anatomical and Functional Integrity of Adrenal Cortices Not Dependent on Structural Integrity of Ventral Hypothalamus

Keller, A. D., Lynch, J. R., Batsel, H. L., Witt, D. M., & Galvin, R. D. (1954) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.179.1.5 · Cited by 6

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Do Not Acutely Inhibit the Release of Adrenocorticotropin from Equine Pituitary Cells in vitro

Mulligan, R. S., Livesey, J. H., Evans, M. J., Ellis, M. J., & Donald, R. A. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000127165 · Cited by 6

Central Noradrenergic Lesion Impairs the Adrenocorticotrophin Response to Release of Endogenous Catecholamines

Al‐Damluji, S., & White, A. E. (1992) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1992.tb00174.x · Cited by 5

Characteristics of the cAMP response unit

Montminy, M., Gonzalez, G. A., & Yamamoto, K. K. (1991) · Molecular aspects of cellular regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-81382-4.50014-1 · Cited by 4

The origin of glucocorticoid hormone oscillations

Walker, J. J., Spiga, F., Waite, E., Zhao, Z., Kershaw, Y., Terry, J. R., & Lightman, S. L. (2012) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001341 · Cited by 189

Retinoic acid prevents experimental Cushing syndrome

Páez-Pereda, M., Kovalovsky, D., Hopfner, Ú., Theodoropoulou, M., Pagotto, U., Uhl, E., Losa, M., Stalla, J., Grübler, Y., Missale, C., et al. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci11098 · Cited by 189

Obese men respond to cognitive but not to catabolic brain insulin signaling

Hallschmid, M., Benedict, C., Schultes, B., Born, J., & Kern, W. (2008) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803722 · Cited by 165

The Central Effects of Orexin‐A in the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis In Vivo and In Vitro in Male Rats

Russell, S. H., Small, C. J., Dakin, C. L., Abbott, C. R., Morgan, D. G. A., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R. (2001) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00672.x · Cited by 128

Intercellular Communication in the Anterior Pituitary

Schwartz, J. (2000) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.21.5.0408 · Cited by 109

Corticotropin-release inhibitory factor

Engler, D., Liu, J., Clarke, I. J., & Funder, J. W. (1994) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/1043-2760(94)p3202-i · Cited by 9

Contrôle hypothalamique de la sécrétion d’ACTH

Oliver, C., Conte‐Devolx, B., Giraud, P., Gillioz, P., Lissitzky, J., & Boudouresque, F. (2008) · Hormone Research · doi:10.1159/000179292 · Cited by 6

CENTRAL MODULATION OF IMMUNOREACTIVE ARGININE VASOPRESSIN AND OXYTOCIN SECRETION INTO THE HYPOPHYSIAL-PORTAL CIRCULATION BY CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR.

Plotsky, P. M., BRUHN, T. O., & Otto, S. (1985) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-116-4-1669 · Cited by 40

Effect of hypothalamic neuropeptides on corticotrophin release from quarters of rat anterior pituitary gland in vitro

Nicholson, S. A., Adrian, T. E., Gillham, B., Jones, M. T., & Bloom, S. R. (1984) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1000219 · Cited by 45

Early glucocorticoid feedback in anterior pituitary corticotrophs: differential inhibition of hormone release induced by vasopressin and corticotrophin-releasing factor in vitro

Shipston, M. J., & Antoni, F. A. (1991) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1290261 · Cited by 19