Pituitary-Adrenocortical Responses to Persistent Noxious Stimuli in the Awake Rat: Endogenous Corticosterone Does Not Reduce Nociception in the Formalin Test
Abstract
Although glucocorticoids inhibit inflammation and are used to treat painful inflammatory rheumatic diseases, the contribution, if any, of endogenous pituitary-adrenocortical activity to the control of pain remains unclear.We report that injection of dilute formalin into the hindpaw not only evokes inflammation and pain-related behavior, but it also increases ACTH and corticosterone to a greater extent than restraint and saline injection alone.This difference was particularly robust during the final periods of pain-related behavior in the formalin test, when the ACTH and corticosterone (B) levels in the restraint/saline control group had returned to normal.These results indicate that formalin-evoked increases in ACTH and B reflect nociceptive input, rather than the stress associated with handling.To
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Pain is a stressful experience, and animal models show the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated during both tonic and phasic pain.
“Pain is a stressful experience, and animal models show that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated during both tonic and phasic pain (Taylor et al., 1998).”
From Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: translational evidence of the relationship and implications (2011) · cites this paper as Taylor et al., 1998
Peripheral lipopolysaccharide in rodents increases pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and causes marked hyperalgesia that is abolished by an IL-1 receptor antagonist or a TNFα antagonist.
“Lipopolysaccharide administered peripherally in rodents results in enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and marked hyperalgesia that is abolished by administration of an IL-1 receptor antagonist”
From Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: translational evidence of the relationship and implications (2011) · cites this paper as Taylor et al., 1998
The Abstract and the passage headed “FIG. 2. Average change per sampling period before hindpaw injection” discuss formalin-evoked pain and cytokines, not peripheral lipopolysaccharide. Searches for lipopolysaccharide with an IL-1 receptor antagonist, and for a TNFα antagonist, found no passage addressing the claimed hyperalgesia or its abolition. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Taylor, B. K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Taylor, B. K.
- ORCID
- Taylor, B. K.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1998-05-01
- Volume
- 139
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2407-2413
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1976932943
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK28172)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS21445, NS 14627)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- pituitary-adrenal axis, corticosterone, ACTH, formalin test, nociception, pain, adrenalectomy, dexamethasone, glucocorticoid receptor, blood pressure, heart rate, inflammation, glucocorticoid feedback
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Cortex, Adrenalectomy, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Blood Pressure, Corticosterone, Dexamethasone, Formaldehyde, Glucocorticoids, Heart Rate, Inflammation, Male, Nociceptors, Pain, Pituitary Gland, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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