Stress Increases Gonadotropin Inhibitory Hormone Cell Activity and Input to GnRH Cells in Ewes
Open accessAbstract
Stress reduces GnRH and gonadotropin secretion in sheep, but the central mechanism for this suppressive effect is unknown. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) negatively regulates GnRH neurons and gonadotropes. Here, we measured activity of GnIH neurons and contact of GnIH fibers on GnRH neurons during either chronic "pseudostress" or acute stress in sheep. We also measured GnIH secretion into hypophysial portal blood during pseudostress and acute stress. The pseudostress was daily im injections (0.5 mg) of Synacthen Depot (adrenocorticotropin) or vehicle for 4 weeks, which increased the GnIH cell number and gene expression/cell in the hypothalamus, measured by in situ hybridization. Double label immunohistochemistry showed that Synacthen Depot treatment increased the percentage of GnRH cells in close contact with GnIH fibers but did not alter GnIH levels in hypophysial portal blood. Acute stress protocols were either sequential audiovisual predator stress, followed by insulin-induced hypoglycemia, or a single challenge with lipopolysaccharide (iv). Both of these acute stressors activated a c-Fos response in GnIH cells and increased the contacts of GnIH fibers to GnRH cells. Neither acute stress protocol increased GnIH secretion into hypophysial portal blood. These data show that chronic pseudostress and acute stressors increase the function of GnIH cells as well as the degree to which GnIH cells may provide input to GnRH cells. Thus, GnIH cells may provide a central mechanism whereby stress compromises reproduction. Neither chronic pseudostress nor acute stress elevates secretion of GnIH into portal blood, but stress effects mediated by GnIH cells are directed towards GnRH cell bodies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
These effects are mediated through suppression of GnRH and GnRHR synthesis, disruption in pituitary release of LH, and enhanced function of GnIH neurons.
“These effects are mediated through suppression of GnRH and GnRH receptor (GnRHR) synthesis, disruption in pituitary release of LH, and enhanced function of the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH; mammalian ortholog gene Rfrp3) neurons [21,23,24,25].”
From Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility. (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
The Discussion (page not provided) links stress-induced GnIH cell activation and increased contact with GnRH cells to reduced GnRH and gonadotropin secretion. It does not establish suppression of GnRH or GnRHR synthesis, or demonstrate that stress disrupts LH release directly at the pituitary. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStress-mediated inhibition of GnRH release has been demonstrated in several species, including fish, birds, rodents, livestock, and humans.
“Stress-mediated inhibition of GnRH release has been demonstrated in several species, including fish, birds, rodents, livestock, and humans [20,21,22].”
From Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility. (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Identification and characterization of a gonadotropin-inhibitory system in the brains of mammals
Kriegsfeld, L. J., Mei, D. F., Bentley, G. E., Ubuka, T., Mason, A. O., Inoue, K., Ukena, K., Tsutsui, K., & Silver, R. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0511003103 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
Smith, J. T., Coolen, L. M., Kriegsfeld, L. J., Sari, I. P., Jaafarzadehshirazi, M. R., Maltby, M., Bateman, K., Goodman, R. L., Tilbrook, A. J., Ubuka, T., et al. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-0581 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Self-citationKirby, E. D., Geraghty, A. C., Ubuka, T., Bentley, G. E., & Kaufer, D. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0901176106 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J., Sari, I. P., Qi, Y., Smith, J. T., Parkington, H. C., Ubuka, T., Iqbal, J., Li, Q., Tilbrook, A. J., Morgan, K., et al. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-0575 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Self-citationCaraty, A., Smith, J. T., Lomet, D., Ben Saïd, S., Morrissey, A., Cognie, J., Doughton, B., Baril, G., Briant, C., & Clarke, I. J. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2007-0554 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Self-citationUbuka, T., Kim, S. J., Huang, Y.-C., Reid, J., Jiang, J. C., Osugi, T., Chowdhury, V. S., Tsutsui, K., & Bentley, G. E. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2007-0983 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Ubuka, T., Morgan, K., Pawson, A. J., Osugi, T., Chowdhury, V. S., Minakata, H., Tsutsui, K., Millar, R. P., & Bentley, G. E. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008400 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Lehman, M. N., Robinson, J. E., Karsch, F. J., & Silverman, A. (1986) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902440103 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Engler, D., Pham, T., Fullerton, M. J., Ooi, G., Funder, J. W., & Clarke, I. J. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000125141 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citation11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Brain: A Novel Regulator of Glucocorticoid Action?
Seckl, J. R. (1997) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1006/frne.1996.0143 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Ubuka, T., Lai, H., Kitani, M., Suzuuchi, A., Pham, V., Cadigan, P. A., Wang, A., Chowdhury, V. S., Tsutsui, K., & Bentley, G. E. (2009) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.22191 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Sari, I. P., Rao, A., Smith, J. T., Tilbrook, A. J., & Clarke, I. J. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-0775 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationBurger, H., Vw, L., & Gc, R. (1972) · PubMed · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Rizwan, M. Z., Porteous, R. W., Herbison, A. E., & Anderson, G. M. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-1287 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J., Smith, J. T., Henry, B. A., Oldfield, B. J., Stefanidis, A., Millar, R. P., Sari, I. P., Chng, K., Fabre‐Nys, C., Caraty, A., et al. (2012) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000332822 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationRizwan, M. Z., Poling, M. C., Corr, M., Cornes, P. A., Augustine, R. A., Quennell, J. H., Kauffman, A. S., & Anderson, G. M. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1133 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Regulation of gonadotrophin secretion in rams from birth to sexual maturity
Lee, V. W. K., CUMMING, I. A., KRETSER, D. M. D., Findlay, J. K., Hudson, B., & Keogh, E. J. (1976) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0460001 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Dardente, H., Birnie, M. J., Lincoln, G. A., & Hazlerigg, D. G. (2008) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01784.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J., & Cummins, J. T. (1985) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-116-6-2376 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of reduced uterine blood flow on fetal and maternal cortisol.
Bocking, A. D., McMillen, I. C., Harding, R., & Thorburn, G. D. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Poling, M. C., Kim, J., Dhamija, S., & Kauffman, A. S. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-2049 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J., Horton, R. J. E., & Doughton, B. W. (1990) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-127-3-1470 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationQi, Y., Oldfield, B. J., & Clarke, I. J. (2009) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2009.01886.x · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationTilbrook, A. J., & Clarke, I. J. (2006) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2006.06.002 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationTilbrook, A. J., Canny, B., Serapiglia, M., Ambrose, T., & Clarke, I. J. (1999) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1600469 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationEvidence that RF-amide related peptides are inhibitors of reproduction in mammals
Clarke, I. J., Qi, Y., Sari, I. P., & Smith, J. T. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.04.001 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationSon, Y. L., Ubuka, T., Narihiro, M., Fukuda, Y., Hasunuma, I., Yamamoto, K., Belsham, D. D., & Tsutsui, K. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2013-2076 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone (GnIH) Secretion into the Ovine Hypophyseal Portal System
Smith, J. T., Young, I. R., Veldhuis, J. D., & Clarke, I. J. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1088 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationNaftolin, F. N., Mor, G., Horváth, T. L., Luquı́n, S., Fajer, A. B., Kohen, F., & García‐Segura, L. M. (1996) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.137.12.8940386 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone function in mammals
Smith, J. T., & Clarke, I. J. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2009.11.010 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationKnockdown of hypothalamic RFRP3 prevents chronic stress-induced infertility and embryo resorption
Geraghty, A. C., Muroy, S. E., Zhao, S., Bentley, G. E., Kriegsfeld, L. J., & Kaufer, D. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.04316 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Endotoxin Inhibits Pituitary Responsiveness to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone1
Williams, C. Y., Harris, T. G., Battaglia, D. F., Viguié, C., & Karsch, F. J. (2001) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.142.5.8120 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Debus, N., Breen, K. M., Barrell, G. K., Billings, H. J., Brown, M. E., Young, E. A., & Karsch, F. J. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2002-220291 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Merkley, C. M., Coolen, L. M., Goodman, R. L., & Lehman, M. N. (2015) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12293 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Ohkura, S. (2000) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.141.12.4472 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J. (1995) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1450271 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationHarris, T. G., Battaglia, D. F., Brown, M. E., Brown, M. B., Carlson, N. E., Viguié, C., Williams, C. Y., & Karsch, F. J. (2000) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.141.3.7393 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
No Evidence That RFamide-Related Peptide 3 Directly Modulates LH Secretion in the Ewe
Decourt, C., Anger, K., Robert, V., Lomet, D., Bartzen-Sprauer, J., Caraty, A., Dufourny, L., Anderson, G. M., & Beltramo, M. (2016) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2015-1854 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Two decades of measuring GnRH secretion.
Clarke, I. J. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationTilbrook, A. J., Rivalland, E. T. A., Turner, A. I., Lambert, G. W., & Clarke, I. J. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000117576 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationStackpole, C. A. (2003) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.103.016428 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Lee, K., Lee, C., Bischof, R. J., Lambert, G. W., Clarke, I. J., & Henry, B. A. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.05.015 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationPapargiris, M., Rivalland, E. T. A., Clarke, I. J., Smith, J. T., Pereira, A. Z., & Tilbrook, A. J. (2010) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.02094.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of insulin on the relationship of estrous behaviors to estradiol and LH surges in intact ewes
Saifullizam, A. K., Routly, J. E., Smith, R. F., & Dobson, H. (2010) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.01.019 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Clarke, I. J., & Smith, J. (2010) · Reproduction in Domestic Ruminants · doi:10.5661/rdr-vii-159 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationHenry, B. A., Blache, D., Dunshea, F. R., & Clarke, I. J. (2009) · Domestic Animal Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [33]33. Williams CY, Harris TG, Battaglia DF, Viguié C, Karsch FJ. Endo- toxin inhibits pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Endocrinology. 2001;142:1915-1922.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility.
Joseph, D., & Whirledge, S. (2017) · International journal of molecular sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18102224 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Glucocorticoids and reproduction: Traffic control on the road to reproduction
Whirledge, S., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2017) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2017.02.005 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Lifestyle and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on female fertility
Palomba, S., Daolio, J., Romeo, S., Battaglia, F. A., Marci, R., & Sala, G. B. L. (2018) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-018-0434-y · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Temiz, M. Z., Dincer, M. M., Hacıbey, İ., Yazar, R. Ö., Celik, C., Küçük, S. H., Alkurt, G., Doğanay, H. L., Yürük, E., & Müslümanoğlu, A. Y. (2020) · Andrologia · doi:10.1111/and.13912 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine interactions of the stress and reproductive axes
Phumsatitpong, C., Wagenmaker, E. R., & Moenter, S. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100928 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Son, Y. L., Ubuka, T., & Tsutsui, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100953 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Neural and endocrine mechanisms underlying stress-induced suppression of pulsatile LH secretion
McCosh, R. B., Breen, K. M., & Kauffman, A. S. (2019) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2019.110579 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Regulation of GnRH pulsatility in ewes
Nestor, C. C., Bedenbaugh, M. N., Hileman, S. M., Coolen, L. M., Lehman, M. N., & Goodman, R. L. (2018) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-18-0127 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Angelopoulou, E., Quignon, C., Kriegsfeld, L. J., & Simonneaux, V. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00183 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Bhaumik, S., Lockett, J., Cuffe, J. S. M., & Clifton, V. L. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12081104 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Influences of the stress endocrine system on the reproductive endocrine axis in sheep (Ovis aries)
Narayan, E. J., & Parisella, S. (2017) · Italian Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.1080/1828051x.2017.1321972 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Phumsatitpong, C., & Moenter, S. M. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2017-00747 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Kriegsfeld, L. J., Jennings, K. J., Bentley, G. E., & Tsutsui, K. (2018) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12597 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Stress, health and the welfare of laying hens
Tilbrook, A. J., & Fisher, A. D. (2020) · Animal Production Science · doi:10.1071/an19666 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lee, C. Y., Li, S.-Y., Li, X. F., Stalker, D. A. E., Cooke, C., Shao, B., Keleştimur, H., Henry, B. A., Conductier, G., O’Byrne, K. T., et al. (2019) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd18277 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationRFamide-related Peptide-3 and the Trade-off between Reproductive and Ingestive Behavior
Schneider, J. E., Benton, N. A., Russo, K. A., Klingerman, C. M., Williams, W. P., Simberlund, J., Abdulhay, A., Brozek, J. M., & Kriegsfeld, L. J. (2017) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icx097 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · BMC Genetics · doi:10.1186/s12863-020-00850-6 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Fifty Years of Advances in Neuroendocrinology
Russell, J. A. (2018) · Brain and Neuroscience Advances · doi:10.1177/2398212818812014 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Pharmacologically-induced stress has minimal impact on judgement and attention biases in sheep
Monk, J. E., Belson, S., & Lee, C. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47691-7 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Benton, N. A., Russo, K. A., Brozek, J. M., Andrews, R. J., Kim, V. J., Kriegsfeld, L. J., & Schneider, J. E. (2017) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.06.009 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Psychological Stress and Male Infertility: Oxidative Stress as the Common Downstream Pathway
Kaltsas, A., Papaharitou, S., Dimitriadis, F., Chrisofos, M., & Sofikitis, N. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14020259 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ying, S., Qin, J., Dai, Z., An, H., Zhu, H., Chen, R., Yang, X., Wu, W., & Shi, Z. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani10122259 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Faykoo-Martinez, M., Kalinowski, L., & Holmes, M. M. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111360 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kisspeptin in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: Pathophysiology and therapeutic potential
Patel, A., Koysombat, K., Pierret, A. C. S., Young, M., Comninos, A. N., Dhillo, W. S., & Abbara, A. (2024) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.15220 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Glucocorticoid therapy in assisted reproduction
Kim, Y. J. (2021) · Daehan saengsik uihak hoeji/Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · doi:10.5653/cerm.2021.04819 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pre-pubertal exposure to high temperature impairs ovarian and adrenal gland function in female rats
Zheng, M., Nagaoka, K., & Watanabe, G. (2018) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Science · doi:10.1292/jvms.18-0644 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yhim, H., Oh, H.-M., Yoon, H., Kim, Y. H., & Park, H. (2019) · Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/ana.0000000000000638 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Alonge, M. M., Greville, L. J. S., Ma, X., Faure, P. A., & Bentley, G. E. (2023) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.245592 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Impact of stress on adolescents during puberty (part 1)
Strashok, L. A., Rak, L. І., Danylenko, H. M., Yeshchenko, A. V., Kashina-Yarmak, V. L., Zavelya, E. M., & Isakova, M. Y. (2023) · CHILD`S HEALTH · doi:10.22141/2224-0551.18.5.2023.1616 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Son, Y. L., Meddle, S., & Tobari, Y. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14040267 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ubuka, T. (2022) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-022-03695-w · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Role of RFRP Neurons in the Allostatic Control of Reproductive Function
Evans, M. C., & Anderson, G. M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242115851 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Isnaini, M. Z., Sivalingam, M., Radhakrishnan, A. K., Jaafar, F., & Abidin, S. A. Z. (2024) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2024.102447 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Safari, M., Farahbakht, E., Sharifabadi, A., Sepehri, H., & Jahromi, M. K. (2025) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-025-07365-2 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Li, J.-Z., Wu, H., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Kong, F., Cao, L., Liang, M., Wang, X., & Yuan, M. (2024) · Asian Journal of Andrology · doi:10.4103/aja202388 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ding, Z., Li, X., Huang, C., Wei, Y., Li, E., & Yang, Q. (2026) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-026-02058-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing to assess the role of RF-amide−related peptide 3 in ovine seasonal breeding
Richard, C., Allais‐Bonnet, A., André, M., Gelin, V., Deloche, M.-C., Thépot, D., Canon, E., Laffont, L., Dubois, O., Congar, P., et al. (2025) · animal · doi:10.1016/j.animal.2025.101508 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Mohammadi, Y., Ranjbaran, J., Mamashli, M., Marzouni, H. Z., Dashtgard, A., & Mohsenizadeh, S. M. (2024) · New Microbes and New Infections · doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101432 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Al-Jabar, W. A. A., & AL-Thuwaini, T. M. (2024) · Bioinformatics and Biology Insights · doi:10.1177/11779322241267188 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Stress and Implantation Failure
Deaton, J. L., Patel, B., Johnston-MacAnanny, E. B., Yu, J., Whirledge, S., Wilson, A., Wininger, J. D., Shu, Y., Taylor, R. N., & Berga, S. L. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71967-2_7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Social and Environmental Control of the Reproductive Axis
Jennings, K. J. (2017) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12096981
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12097005
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12097008
Xia, Q. J., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12096996
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12096990
Xia, Q. J., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12097011
Xia, Q., Li, Q., Gan, S., Guo, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., & Chu, M. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12096972
Angelopoulou, E. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/0bbec2b9z8c66z4879z905bzd9de62d590fc
Chisupa, C. O., & Manchishi, S. M. (2026) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000553326
Oyovwi, M. O., Ovie, O. F., Jeroh, E., Rotu, R. A., & Adio, K. O. (2026) · African Research Reports · doi:10.65221/0323
- Authors
- Clarke, I. J., Bartolini, D., Conductier, G., & Henry, B. A.
- Affiliations
- Monash University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Clarke, Iain J.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 4339-4350
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2511970244
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 8.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Monash University
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- National Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, GnRH neurons, stress, sheep, hypothalamus, ACTH, predator stress, insulin-induced hypoglycemia, lipopolysaccharide, c-fos, hypophysial portal blood, reproduction, gonadotropin secretion
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Gonadotropins, Hypothalamic Hormones, Hypothalamus, Luteinizing Hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Lipopolysaccharides, Neurons, Radioimmunoassay, Sheep, Stress, Physiological, In Situ Hybridization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review