Cited by 753Prostate Cancer Treatment and ResearchEstrogen and related hormone effectsSperm and Testicular Function

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Androgen Receptor (AR) Coregulators: A Diversity of Functions Converging on and Regulating the AR Transcriptional Complex

Heemers, Hannelore V., Tindall, Donald J.·2007·Endocrine Reviews

DOI 10.1210/er.2007-0019

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Abstract

Androgens, acting through the androgen receptor (AR), are responsible for the development of the male phenotype during embryogenesis, the achievement of sexual maturation at puberty, and the maintenance of male reproductive function and behavior in adulthood. In addition, androgens affect a wide variety of nonreproductive tissues. Moreover, aberrant androgen action plays a critical role in multiple pathologies, including prostate cancer and androgen insensitivity syndromes. The formation of a productive AR transcriptional complex requires the functional and structural interaction of the AR with its coregulators. In the last decade, an overwhelming and ever increasing number of proteins have been proposed to possess AR coactivating or corepressing characteristics. Intriguingly, a vast diversity of functions has been ascribed to these proteins, indicating that a multitude of cellular functions and signals converge on the AR to regulate its function. The current review aims to provide an overview of the AR coregulator proteins identified to date and to propose a classification of these AR coregulator proteins according to the function(s) ascribed to them. Taken together, this approach will increase our understanding of the cellular pathways that converge on the AR to ensure an appropriate transcriptional response to androgens.

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Authors: Heemers, H. V., & Tindall, D. J.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
Corresponding author: Tindall, Donald J.
ORCID: Heemers, Hannelore V.
Venue: Endocrine Reviews
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2007-10-16
Volume: 28
Issue: 7
Pages: 778-808
ISSN: 0163-769X (ISSN-L)
1945-7189
DOI: 10.1210/er.2007-0019
OpenAlex: W2164092182
Cited by: 753
References: 375
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 52
FWCI: 5.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Endocrine Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Cancer Institute (R01CA121277, CA125747, R01CA125747, CA 91956, CA121277, P50CA091956, CA 15083, P30CA015083)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK065236, DK65236)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
Keywords: androgen receptor, coregulators, transcriptional coactivator, corepressors, transcriptional complex, androgen signaling, male reproductive development, prostate cancer, androgen insensitivity syndrome
MeSH terms: Androgens, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Male, Receptors, Androgen, Transcription Factors

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Androgen Receptor (AR) Coregulators: A Diversity of Functions Converging on and Regulating the AR Transcriptional Complex

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