Novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as tyrosine kinase inhibitors with antitumoral activity in vitro and in vivo in papillary dedifferentiated thyroid cancer
Abstract
AIM: We have studied the antitumoral activity of two new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compounds (CLM3 and CLM29) in primary papillary dedifferentiated thyroid cancer (DePTC) cells. METHODS: The antiproliferative effect was tested in DePTC cells obtained at reoperation from patients with recurrence of the tumor. The concentrations of CLM3 and CLM29 used in the in vitro experiments were 1, 10, 30, and 50 μm. RESULTS: Proliferation assays in DePTC cells showed a significant reduction of proliferation by CLM3 and CLM29, which was by 12% with CLM3 (the most potent compound) 10 μm, 43% with CLM3 30 μm, and 60% with CLM3 50 μm. CLM3 and CLM29 increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in DePTC cells dose dependently (P < 0.001) and inhibited migration (P < 0.001). A DePTC cell line (AL) was injected sc in CD nu/nu mice, and tumor masses became detectable 10 d after xenotransplantation. CLM3 (40 mg/kg · die) significantly inhibited tumor growth and weight, and the therapeutic effect was significant starting on the 19th day after cell implantation (4 d after the beginning of treatment). The CLM3-treated group of animals did not show any appreciable toxicity. CLM3 and CLM29 increased thrombospondin-1 expression in the AL cell line. A significant reduction of microvessels and in the percentage of antivascular endothelial growth factor antibody immunoreactivity was observed in the CLM3 treated tumors, with a simultaneous increase of the percentage of necrosis. CONCLUSION: The antitumoral activity of two new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine compounds (CLM3, CLM29) in vitro and CLM3 in vivo in DePTC has been shown, opening the way to a future clinical evaluation.
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Approximately 5-15% of PTC cases are DePTC, associated with poor prognosis and high early-mortality.
“Nevertheless, approximately 5-15% of the cases are dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer (DePTC), which is associated with poor prognosis and high early-mortality [7–9].”
From Restoration of p53 using the novel MDM2-p53 antagonist APG115 suppresses dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer cells (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
Cellular dedifferentiation in thyroid carcinoma is accompanied by more aggressive growth, recurrence, distant metastasis, and resistance to RAI.
“Cellular dedifferentiation generally occurs in cases accompanied by more aggressive growth, recurrence, distant metastasis, and resistance to RAI [1, 8–10].”
From Restoration of p53 using the novel MDM2-p53 antagonist APG115 suppresses dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer cells (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
DePTC accounts for approximately 5-10% of patients with PTC, leads to resistance to traditional therapeutic strategies and worsens prognosis.
“DePTC, which accounts for approximately 5-10% of patients with PTC, leads to resistance to traditional therapeutic strategies and worsens prognosis [9, 10, 29].”
From Restoration of p53 using the novel MDM2-p53 antagonist APG115 suppresses dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer cells (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
RET/PTC rearrangements are found in 30-40% of DePTC cases, whereas BRAF mutations are up to 70%.
“RET/PTC rearrangements are found in 30-40% of cases, whereas a higher prevalence of BRAF mutations (up to 70%) has been observed in DePTC [9].”
From Restoration of p53 using the novel MDM2-p53 antagonist APG115 suppresses dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer cells (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Antonelli, A., Bocci, G., La Motta, C., Ferrari, S. M., Fallahi, P., Fioravanti, A., Sartini, S., Minuto, M., Piaggi, S., Corti, A., Alì, G., Berti, P., Fontanini, G., Danesi, R., Da Settimo, F., & Miccoli, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Pisa (IT)
- Pharmaceutical Science (C.L.M., S.S., F.D.S.), University of Pisa, School of Medicine, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
- Corresponding author
- Antonelli, Alessandro
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2011-02-01
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- E288-E296
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2113896257
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Synthesis and biological activity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Keywords
- pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antiproliferative activity, apoptosis, cell migration inhibition, xenograft tumor growth inhibition, thrombospondin-1, angiogenesis inhibition, tumor necrosis, recurrent thyroid cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Capillaries, Carcinoma, Papillary, Cell Count, Cell Movement, Cell Survival, DNA, Neoplasm, Humans, Male, Mice, Nude, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Pyrazoles, Pyrimidines, Structure-Activity Relationship, Thyroid Neoplasms, Apoptosis, Annexin A5, Thrombospondins, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Microdissection, Cell Line, Tumor, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, Cell Proliferation, Mice
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