Cited by 244Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersThyroid Disorders and TreatmentsAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

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Incidence of Thyroid-Related Adverse Events in Melanoma Patients Treated With Pembrolizumab

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de Filette, Jeroen, Jansen, Yanina, Schreuer, Max, Everaert, Hendrik, Velkeniers, Brigitte, Neyns, Bart, Bravenboer, Bert·2016·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1210/jc.2016-2300PMC PMC5095250

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Abstract

Context: Immune checkpoint blockade is associated with endocrine-related adverse events.Thyroid dysfunction during pembrolizumab therapy, an anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor monoclonal antibody, remains to be fully characterized.Objective: To assess the incidence and characteristics of pembrolizumab-associated thyroid dysfunction.Design and Setting: Thyroid function was monitored prospectively in melanoma patients who initiated pembrolizumab within an expanded access program at a referral oncology center.18 Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 FDG-PET/CT) was reviewed in cases compatible with inflammatory thyroiditis.Patients: Ninety-nine patients with advanced melanoma (age, 26.3-93.6 years; 63.6% females) who received at least one administration of pembrolizumab.Main Outcome Measures: Patient characteristics, thyroid function (TSH, free T 4 ), thyroid autoantibodies, and 18 FDG-PET/CT.Results: Eighteen adverse events of thyroid dysfunction were observed in 17 patients.Thyrotoxicosis occurred in 12 patients, of which nine evolved to hypothyroidism.Isolated hypothyroidism was present in six patients.Levothyroxine therapy was required in 10 of 15 hypothyroid patients.Thyroid autoantibodies were elevated during thyroid dysfunction in four of 10 cases.Diffuse increased 18 FDG uptake by the thyroid gland was observed in all seven thyrotoxic patients who progressed to hypothyroidism.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction is common in melanoma patients treated with pembrolizumab.Hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis related to inflammatory thyroiditis are the most frequent presentations.Serial measurements of thyroid function tests are indicated during anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody therapy.Thyrotoxicosis compatible with inflammatory thyroiditis was associated with diffuse increased 18 FDG uptake by the thyroid gland.The prospective role of thyroid autoantibodies should be further investigated, together with the histopathological correlates.(

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[10]Delivanis D Merten MM Kottschade L Ryder M Immune therapies targeting the thyroid: new insights from a comprehensive review of pembrolizumab-induced thyroiditis cases at Mayo Clinic. Presented at 85th Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association: Lake Buena Vista, FL; October 20, 2015 Abstract 88.
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Authors: de Filette, J., Jansen, Y., Schreuer, M., Everaert, H., Velkeniers, B., Neyns, B., & Bravenboer, B.
Affiliations: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
ORCID: Jansen, Yanina
Everaert, Hendrik
Velkeniers, Brigitte
Neyns, Bart
Bravenboer, Bert
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2016-11
Volume: 101
Issue: 11
Pages: 4431-4439
ISSN: 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
1945-7197
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2300
PMC: PMC5095250
OpenAlex: W2512251660
Cited by: 244
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 13.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Amgen
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Merck Sharp and Dohme
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords: pembrolizumab, melanoma, immune checkpoint blockade, thyroid dysfunction, thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, thyroid autoantibodies, FDG PET/CT, levothyroxine, PD-1 inhibitors
MeSH terms: Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Female, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Male, Melanoma, Middle Aged, Thyroiditis, Thyrotoxicosis, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

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Incidence of Thyroid-Related Adverse Events in Melanoma Patients Treated With Pembrolizumab

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