Subnormal androgen and elevated progesterone levels in women treated for congenital virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency
Abstract
Clinical, anthropometric, and endocrine data were examined in 22 corticosteroid-treated, prenatally virilized women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency and in 22 matched healthy controls. In view of the androgen excess, limited growth, and subfertility associated with CAH, the investigation focused on androgenic/anabolic status and circulating progesterone levels. CAH patients were shorter and had a significantly higher body mass index than the controls. One pregnancy was reported in the CAH group compared to 15 in the controls. Five of the CAH patients were judged as undersubstituted based on greatly elevated circulating levels of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. These five patients had elevated serum levels of progesterone (P) and testosterone (T) and elevated ratios between T and sex hormone-binding globulin, but subnormal levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and its sulfate. The remaining 17 well substituted patients had elevated follicular phase levels of P, but subnormal levels of all androgens (4-androstene-3,17-dione, T, DHA, and DHA sulfate) and subnormal T/sex hormone-binding globulin ratios. Contrary to the apprehension that normally guides the treatment of CAH, well substituted patients may be considered hypoandrogenic rather than hyperandrogenic. The elevated levels of P may have a minipill-like effect, which may be one of the causes of the differences in fertility between salt-wasting and simple virilizing CAH.
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More recently, the dsd-LIFE study reported that only 14.7% of 221 CAH women had one or more children without assisted reproduction techniques (ART), and 1.9% with ART.
“More recently, the dsd-LIFE study reported that only 14.7% of 221 CAH women had one or more children without assisted reproduction techniques (ART), and 1.9% with ART (658).”
From Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management (2022) · cites this paper as [658]
Low DHEAS levels in the classic CAH cohort were not solely due to glucocorticoid control but reflect the known blunted DHEA secretion of classic CAH.
“As such, low DHEAS levels in our cohort were not solely a reflection of GC control, but a well-known phenomenon of blunted DHEA secretion in patients with classic CAH.”
From Cortical bone mineral density in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (2015) · cites this paper as [34]
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(2000) · Time to knit · doi:10.1016/s1155-1941(16)64272-5
- Authors
- Helleday, J.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1993-04-01
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 933-936
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071799476
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Keywords
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 21-hydroxylase deficiency, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA sulfate, follicular phase, subfertility, body mass index, salt-wasting CAH
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital, Adult, Androgens, Female, Humans, Progesterone, Reference Values, Virilism
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