Further Study of Factors Affecting the Metabolic Clearance Rate of Testosterone in Man1
Abstract
A study of the effect of various factors on the metabolic clearance rate of testosterone (MCRT) is presented. Change from the supine to the erect position resulted in a sharp fall in the MCRT in one subject, with little or no significant change in 3 additional subjects. In one of the latter group, however, there subsequently occurred a significant increase in the MCRT upon changing from the erect to the supine position. Acute increases in the plasma concentration of testosterone in normal menstruating women and in a bilaterally adrenalectomized castrated woman were not associated with any appreciable change in the MCRT until a plasma level of testosterone exceeding 1.2 μg/100 ml was reached. In a normal and a hypogonadal male, an acute increase in the circulating level of testosterone produced a moderate increase in the MCRT. The increase, however, was considerably smaller than that found after chronic administration of the steroid. The decrease in the plasma concentration of testosterone following intramuscular injection of testosterone propionate was not accompanied by a proportionate fall in the MCRT. This suggests that, in addition to the possible role of testosterone binding, induction of testosterone catabolizing enzymes is involved in regulating the plasma clearance of the steroid. Sequential measurements of the MCRT in the same subjects (5 normal men and 1 normal woman) at various intervals were within 10% of the base line values. Moreover, the mean percentage change for the entire group was –1.6%. This demonstrates the temporal constancy of the clearance measurement. There was no significant difference in the MCRT measured in plasma and whole blood in male or female subjects. This suggests that the red blood cells did not take up any appreciable quantities of the labeled hormone during the period of the experiment. The measurement of the MCRT in an additional group of normal men and women again demonstrates the sex difference in the plasma clearance of the steroid, the values in men being approximately twice those found in women. The sex-related difference persisted when the MCRT was corrected for body surface area (m2). However, when the MCRT/m2 was divided by the log of the plasma production rate of testosterone, this difference disappeared. This suggests that the MCRT is a direct function of the production rate of the steroid. The basal plasma production rates of testosterone in these subjects were 5.78±1.42 (sd) mg/day in the men and 0.29±0.07 (sd) mg/day in the women. Combining these values with our previous reported data gives over-all means for 18 normal men and 14 normal women of 6.23 ± 1.73 (sd) and 0.32 ±0.10 (sd) mg/day, respectively.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Circulating testosterone in men is 15-fold higher than in children or women of any age.
“circulating testosterone exceeding 15-fold that of women at any age”
From Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance (2018) · cites this paper as [6]
After puberty, men produce 20 times more testosterone than women.
“after puberty men produce 20 times more testosterone than women (4–7)”
From Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance (2018) · cites this paper as [6]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Transdermal testosterone treatment in women with impaired sexual function after oophorectomy.
Shifren, J. L., Braunstein, G. D., Simon, J. A., Casson, P. R., Buster, J. E., Redmond, G. P., Burki, R. E., Ginsburg, E. S., Rosen, R. C., Leiblum, S. R., et al. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200009073431002 · Cited by 954 · see citing works
“(%) White Black Hispanic Asian 62 (83) 8 (11) 4 (5) 1 (1) Years since oophorectomy and hysterectomy Mean Range 4.”
BackgroundCirculating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance
Handelsman, D. J., Hirschberg, A. L., & Bermon, S. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00020 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Plasma Testosterone, Dominance Rank and Aggressive Behaviour in Male Rhesus Monkeys
Rose, R. M., Holaday, J. W., & Bernstein, I. S. (1971) · Nature · doi:10.1038/231366a0 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Effect of Alcohol (Ethanol) Administration on Sex-Hormone Metabolism in Normal Men
Gordon, G. G., Altman, K. I., Southren, A. L., Rubin, E., & Lieber, C. S. (1976) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197610072951501 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Self-citationOrigin of Estrogen in Normal Men and in Women with Testicular Feminization*
MacDonald, P. C., Madden, J. D., Brenner, P. F., Wilson, J. D., & Siiteri, P. K. (1979) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-49-6-905 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Endocrinologic Control to the Development and Activity of the Human Sebaceous Gland
Pochi, P. E., & Strauss, J. S. (1974) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12676783 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Androgen production and metabolism in normal and virilized women
Kirschner, M. A., & Bardin, C. W. (1972) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(72)90090-x · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Meikle, A. W., Mazer, N. A., Moellmer, J. F., Stringham, J. D., Tolman, K. G., Sanders, S. W., & Odell, W. D. (1992) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.74.3.1740497 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Effect of Hormonal Therapy on Plasma Testosterone Levels in Prostatic Carcinoma
Robinson, M. R. G., & Thomas, B. S. (1971) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5784.391 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Arver, S., Dobs, A. S., Meikle, A. W., Allen, R. P., Sanders, S. W., & Mazer, N. A. (1996) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)66141-x · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Reproductive Endocrinology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Grossmann, M., Wierman, M. E., Angus, P., & Handelsman, D. J. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00158 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Popat, V., Calis, K. A., Kalantaridou, S., Vanderhoof, V. H., Koziol, D. E., Troendle, J. F., Reynolds, J. C., & Nelson, L. M. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-4145 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Plasma Androgens and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in the Evaluation of Hirsute Females
Mathur, R. S., Moody, L. O., Landgrebe, S., & Williamson, H. O. (1981) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45254-4 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Miller, K. K., Corcoran, C. P., Armstrong, C. A., Caramelli, K. E., Anderson, E. J., Cotton, D. J., Basgoz, N. O., Hirschhorn, L. R., TUOMALA, R. E., Schoenfeld, D., et al. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.8.5051 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
“Because the testosterone production rate in women is roughly equivalent to 300 mg/day (21, 22 ), we used a parallel dose design and tested both a single active and a dual active patch system designed to deliver approximately 150 and 300 mg/day, respectively.”
MethodMeikle, A. W., Arver, S., Dobs, A. S., Sanders, S. W., Rajaram, L., & Mazer, N. A. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626843 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
MAHOUDEAU, J. A., Bardin, C. W., & Lipsett, M. B. (1971) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106613 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“However, the binding capacity of TeBG is not the sole factor determining the MCRas shown by the studies of Southern, Gordon, and Tochimoto (21) and Vermeulen, Verdonck, Van der Straeten, and Orie (20) who noted that chronic administration of testosterone increased MCRTabove that which was observed after saturation of…”
BackgroundRandomized clinical trial of testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men
Conway, A. J., Boylan, L. M., Howe, C. A., Ross, G. P., & Handelsman, D. J. (1988) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1988.tb00999.x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Wang, C., Catlin, D. H., Starcevic, B., Leung, A., Distefano, E. W., Lucas, G., Hull, L., & Swerdloff, R. S. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031802 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The Rationale for Banning Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Estrogen Blockers in Sport
Handelsman, D. J. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2569 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Androgen metabolism in cirrhosis of the liver
Southren, A. L., Gordon, G. G., Olivo, J., Rafii, F., & Rosenthal, W. S. (1973) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(73)90241-2 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of Acute Alcohol Administration on Reproductive Endocrinology in the Male Rat
Cicero, T. J., Bernstein, D., & Badger, T. M. (1978) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1978.tb05807.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Kinniburgh, D. W., Zhu, H., Cheng, L., Kicman, A. T., Baird, D. T., & Anderson, R. A. (2002) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/17.6.1490 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Direct determination of testosterone absorption from these pellets indicates that this dose will release 2.6 mg testosterone per day (Handelsman, 1998), i.e. lower than most estimates of normal production rates (Southren et al., 1968; Vierhapper et al., 1997; Santner et al., 1998).”
BackgroundInfluentialRedding, J. M., Patiño, R., & Schreck, C. B. (1984) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(84)90159-x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Some studies on the biological significance of free testosterone
Vermeulen, A., & Verdonck, L. (1972) · Journal of Steroid Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-4731(72)90088-x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Thyroid - hormone effects on steroid - hormone metabolism.
Gordon, G. G., & Southren, A. L. (1977) · PubMed · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationA study of estrogen metabolic clearance rates and transfer factors
Hembree, W. C., Bardin, C. W., & LIPSETT, M. B. (1969) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106147 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Hyperandrogenism and Its Possible Effects on Endometrial Receptivity: A Review
Yusuf, A. N. M., Amri, M. F., Ugusman, A., Hamid, A. A., Wahab, N. A., & Mokhtar, M. H. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241512026 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Conditions associated with decreased androgen clearance include oestrogen treatment [4,11], barbiturate treatment [4,12], hyperthyroidism [4,13], hypogonadism [4,14], and ageing [15].”
BackgroundLongcope, C., Watson, D. J., & WILLIAMS, K. (1974) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/0039-128x(74)90042-7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Sleep-Wake Patterns of LH and Testosterone Release in Prepubertal Boys
Judd, H. L., PARKER, D. C., & Yen, S. S. C. (1977) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-44-5-865 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Androgen Supplementation in Older Women: Too Much Hype, Not Enough Data
Padero, M., Bhasin, S., & Friedman, T. C. (2002) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50273.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“collectively contributes to secretion of approximately 300 μg testosterone daily into the general circulation.(2) Approximately, half of the circulating testosterone is derived from ovarian secretion.”
Holley, J. L., & Johansen, K. L. (2004) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/j.0894-0959.2004.17307.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Metabolism of testosterone and androstenedione in normal and ovariectomized women
Abraham, G. E., Lobotsky, J., & Lloyd, C. W. (1969) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106027 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Androgen Physiology, Pharmacology, and Abuse
Handelsman, D. J. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-18907-1.00138-4 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Testosterone release rate and duration of action of testosterone pellet implants
Kelleher, S., Howe, C. A., Conway, A. J., & Handelsman, D. J. (2004) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.01994.x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“…an estimated 5·2 mg testosterone per day, a figure quite consistent with the best available estimates of endogenous testosterone production rate for eugonadal men of 5–7 mg per day using tritiated (Southren et al., 1968) or stable isotope tracers (Vierhapper et al., 1998a, 1998b, 2000, 2003).”
BackgroundHaning, R. V., CHABOT, M., FLOOD, C. A., et al. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-69-5-1047 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Testosterone improves verbal learning and memory in postmenopausal women: results from a pilot study
Davison, S. L., Bell, R. J., Gavrilescu, M., Searle, K., Maruff, P., Gogos, A., Rossell, S. L., Adams, J., Egan, G. F., & Davis, S. R. (2011) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.08.006 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Stellflug, J. N., Louis, T. M., Hafs, H. D., et al. (1975) · Prostaglandins · doi:10.1016/0090-6980(75)90066-0 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Mazer, N. A., Heiber, W. E., Moellmer, J. F., Meikle, A. W., Stringham, J. D., Sanders, S. W., Tolman, K. G., & Odell, W. D. (1992) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(92)90089-a · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Plasma testosterone free index: A better indicator of plasma androgen activity?
CLARK, A. F., Marcellus, S., deLory, B., & BIRD, C. E. (1975) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)41415-9 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Davis, S. R., Hirschberg, A. L., Wagner, L. K., Lodhi, I., & von Schoultz, B. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1523 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“The doses used approximate half or the full estimated production of testosterone per day in premenopausal women (18).”
BackgroundPharmacokinetics and Acute Safety of Inhaled Testosterone in Postmenopausal Women
Davison, S. L., Thipphawong, J., Blanchard, J., Liu, K., Morishige, R. J., Gonda, I., Okikawa, J. K., Adams, J., Evans, A. M., Otulana, B., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270004269840 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“3 mg) was based on the estimated daily production rate in healthy nonobese women.(18,19)”
BackgroundMeikle, A. W. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72185-4_14 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Pharmacokinetics of a Testosterone Gel in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
Singh, A. B., Lee, M. L., Sinha‐Hikim, I., Kushnir, M. M., Meikle, W. A., Rockwood, A. L., Afework, S., & Bhasin, S. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1640 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Naturally and Surgically Menopausal Women (CME)
Panzer, C., & Guay, A. T. (2009) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01128.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sex steroid binding protein (SBP) in dog plasma
Tabei, T., Mickelson, K. E., Neuhaus, S. J., et al. (1978) · Journal of Steroid Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-4731(78)90062-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
New clinical applications of transdermal testosterone delivery in men and women
Mazer, N. A. (2000) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00252-7 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Recent advances in androgen metabolism and their relation to the skin.
Strauss, J. S., & Pochi, P. E. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Metabolic Effects of Alcohol on the Endocrine System
Gordon, G. G., & Southren, A. L. (1977) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-6153-4_9 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical pharmacology of testosterone pellet implants
Handelsman, D. J. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72185-4_12 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Forest, M. G., Orgiazzi, J., Tranchant, D., et al. (1978) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-47-2-428 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Casey, J. H. (1975) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb01539.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Cm, B., Wood, J. E., Wilkie, D., & DIXON, B. K. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Birzniece, V., Meinhardt, U. J., Handelsman, D. J., & Ho, K. K. Y. (2009) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03524.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A Review of Testosterone Pellets in the Treatment of Hypogonadism
McCullough, A. (2014) · Current Sexual Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s11930-014-0033-7 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Walton, M. J., Anderson, R. A., Kicman, A. T., Elton, R. A., Ossowska, K., & Baird, D. T. (2006) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02696.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Maternal Virilization Developing during a Twin Pregnancy
Judd, H. L., Benirschke, K., DeVane, G. W., Reuter, S. R., & Yen, S. S. C. (1973) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197301182880302 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Androgen Physiology, Pharmacology, and Abuse
Handelsman, D. J. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-5583-9.00137-4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
H-Y Antigen: Expression in Human Subjects with the Testicular Feminization Syndrome
Koo, G. C., Wachtel, S. S., Saenger, P. H., et al. (1977) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.854739 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cumming, D. C., Wall, S. R., Quinney, H. A., et al. (1987) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1080/07435808709023660 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kinetics of removal of intravenous testosterone pulses in normal men
Veldhuis, J. D., Keenan, D. M., Liu, P. Y., & Takahashi, P. Y. (2010) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-09-1085 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Transdermal Testosterone for Women:
Mazer, N. A., & Shifren, J. L. (2003) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000078485.98636.16 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“, 600 liters/day (30-33), the increment in total testosterone corresponds to a mean systemic delivery rate Figure 1.”
BackgroundSteroid Secretion by the Testis in Man
Lipsett, M. B. (1974) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-380102-9.50005-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Rhythms and testosterone metabolism
Southren, A. L., & Gordon, G. G. (1975) · Journal of Steroid Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-4731(75)90071-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationSaboureau, M., Laurent, A.-M., & Boissin, J. (1982) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(82)90084-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Sex differences in ketogenic diet: are men more likely than women to lose weight?
Jiao, Y., Chen, X., Liu, L., Lu, Y., Gao, M., Wang, Q., Chi, X., & Mo, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1600927 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Arver, S., Dobs, A. S., Meikle, A. W., et al. (1996) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1097/00005392-199605000-00020 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Oral Testosterone Load Related to Liver Function in Men with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
Gluud, C. N., Bahnsen, M. K., Bennett, P., et al. (1983) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365528309181612 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pharmacology of testosterone pellet implants
Handelsman, D. J. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-00814-0_7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Testosterone free index correlates best with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
Haning, R. V., Carlson, I. H., Shapiro, S. S., et al. (1981) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45922-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hackney, A. C., Anderson, T., & Dobridge, J. D. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53298-1_13 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Metabolic clearance rate, urinary and plasma production rates of testosterone sulfate in man
Saez, J. M., Bertrand, J. M., & Migeon, C. J. (1971) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/s0039-128x(71)80148-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Whitehead, P. E., & West, N. O. (1977) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z77-218 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Long-term effect of wedge resection on androgen production in a case of polycystic ovarian disease
Judd, H. L., BARNES, A. B., & Kliman, B. (1971) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(71)90303-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Johnson, D. W., McEvoy, M., Seamark, R. F., Cox, L. W., & Phillipou, G. (1985) · Journal of Steroid Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-4731(85)90437-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Jallageas, M., & ASSENMACHER, I. (1973) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(73)90194-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Wieland, R. G., Zorn, E. M., & Hallberg, M. C. (1973) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(73)90072-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effect of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids on the Skin, Including Hair and Sebaceous Glands
Houssay, A. B. (1976) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66353-6_5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Soares-Welch, C. V., Mielke, K. L., Bowers, C. Y., & Veldhuis, J. D. (2005) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02294.x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Rose, R. M. (1969) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-119550-2.50012-4 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Testosteron und Pubertät bei Knaben
Knorr, D. (1970) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80591-2_16 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Production of Testosterone by Prostate and Other Peripheral Tissues in Man
Lipsett, M. B. (1976) · Vitamins and hormones · doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60957-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
SPORTS AND PERFORMANCE IN THE TRANSGENDER POPULATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Nahon, R. L., da Silva, A. P. S., Muniz‐Santos, R., de Novaes, R. C. T., & Pedroso, L. S. P. L. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/1517-8692202127062021_0054 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bergamasco, J. G. A., Scarpelli, M. C., Godwin, J. S., Mesquita, P. H. C., Chaves, T. S., da Silva, D. G., Bittencourt, D., Dias, N. F., Medalha, R. A., Filho, P. C. C., et al. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003509 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“contrasts a plethora of evidence indicating men present ~20-fold greater total and free blood testosterone concentrations (28,39,40) and suggests that AR signaling in the skeletal muscle of women is intact.”
Bahner, F. (1974) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80859-3_5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hormonal environment of the normal prostate
Ghanadian, R. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-7256-1_3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Relationship between Plasma Binding and 5α-Reduction of Testosterone
MAUVAIS-JARVIS, P., Crépy, O., & Bercovici, J. P. (1971) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-017573-7.50015-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Breckwoldt, M., Zahradnik, H. P., & Wieacker, P. F. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74612-3_33 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tarumi, W., Chizu, K., & Shinohara, K. (2019) · Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) · doi:10.11343/amn.62.49 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
RHYTHMS AND TESTOSTERONE METABOLISM
Southren, A. L., & Gordon, G. G. (1976) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-019682-4.50106-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationTRANSDERMAL TESTOSTERONE TREATMENT IN WOMEN WITH IMPAIRED SEXUAL FUNCTION AFTER OOPHORECTOMY
Hifren, L. S., Raunstein, G. L. D. B., Imon, J. A. A. S., Eter, P., Asson, R. C., Uster, J. O. E. B., Edmond, P., Urki, R. E. E. B., Insburg, E. L. S. G., Osen, R. A. C. R., et al. (2000) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Misadventures in Toxicology: Concentration Matters for Testosterone-Induced Neurotoxicity
Willson, C. (2023) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11030258 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
新たな健康戦略としての「機能性香料」の提案-ヒトフェロモン等価物の応用-
篠原, 一., & 樽見, 航. (2019) · 日本香粧品学会誌 · doi:10.11469/koshohin.43.191
Age Related Changes in the Production and Metabolism of Testicular Steroids in the Rat
Zummo, J. E. (1985) · SUNY Digital Repository Support (State University of New York System)
- Authors
- SOUTHREN, A. L., GORDON, G. G., & TOCHIMOTO, S.
- Affiliations
- New York Medical College (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1968-08
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1105-1112
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2064364551
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 7.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Keywords
- testosterone, metabolic clearance rate, testosterone binding, testosterone propionate, adrenalectomy, hypogonadism, body surface area correction, menstrual women, menarche
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Surface Area, Female, Humans, Hypogonadism, Klinefelter Syndrome, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Testosterone
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
