Relationship of Islet Function to Insulin Action in Human Obesity*
Abstract
To analyze B-cell mechanisms in obesity, we measured the relationship (slope of potentiation) between glucose levels and acute insulin responses (AIR) to isoproterenol or arginine in nondiabetic subjects ranging from lean to markedly obese. Obese men (n = 9) had higher AIRs to isoproterenol than lean men (n = 11) at basal glucose levels [52 +/- 9 (SEM) vs. 32 +/- 5 microU/mL; P less than 0.05], and the difference increased as the ambient glucose level was raised (at 230 mg/dL; 263 +/- 22 vs. 140 +/- 21 microU/mL; P less than 0.0008). The individuals' slopes of glucose potentiation of AIR to isoproterenol were positively correlated with their excess weight (r = 0.72; P less than 0.001). Similar results were found when arginine was used as the secretagogue in other men and in women; the slope of potentiation was positively correlated with excess weight in both men and women (both P less than 0.005), although the effect of excess weight on slope was 51% greater among men (P less than 0.03). An independent measurement of insulin sensitivity (the Bergman SI) was made in the women. The potentiation slope was inversely correlated with SI (P less than 0.0001), indicating that the effect of obesity on insulin secretion is correlated with insulin resistance. These results characterize one mechanism contributing to the hyperinsulinemia of obesity and highlight the importance of considering the prevailing insulin sensitivity when assessing islet function.
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Obesity is an important determinant of insulin sensitivity.
“It is well recognised that obesity is an important determinant of insulin sensitivity [9, 10, 29, 30, 31, 32].”
From The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (2003) · cites this paper as [10]
Obesity and its associated insulin resistance are associated with basal and stimulated hyperinsulinaemia.
“obesity and its associated insulin resistance are associated with basal and stimulated hyperinsulinaemia [10, 68, 91, 92].”
From The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (2003) · cites this paper as [10]
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Normal Insulin Secretion in Humans
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Self-citationObesity and the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Gougeon, R. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391884-0.00031-7
Estudio del factor de transcripción SREBP1 en estados de resistencia a insulina.
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Inevitability of beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Siegmund, T., & Usadel, K.-H. (2001) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1097/00060793-200108000-00005
Daniel Porte Jr., 13 August 1931–13 May 2023
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- Authors
- BEARD, J. C., WARD, W. K., WALLUM, B. J., & PORTE, D.
- Affiliations
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1987-07
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 59-64
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W1984480525
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01am012829-17)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- obesity, beta-cell function, insulin secretion, acute insulin response, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, isoproterenol, L-arginine, hyperinsulinemia, overweight
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arginine, Blood Glucose, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Islets of Langerhans, Isoproterenol, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity
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