The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mitogenic action, regulation, and localization of insulin-like growth factors in the human fetal adrenal gland.
Abstract
Polypeptide growth factors may play an important role in the regulation of human fetal adrenal cortical growth by mediating the tropic actions of ACTH. The abundance of mRNA encoding insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) is high in the human fetal adrenal gland and is stimulated by ACTH in cultured fetal adrenal cortical cells. Therefore, we studied the mitogenic action, regulation, and localization of IGF-II and a closely related peptide, IGF-I, in primary cultures of human fetal adrenal cortical cells and whole human fetal adrenal glands. Recombinant human IGF-I and IGF-II stimulated proliferation of fetal adrenal cortical cells in a dose-dependent fashion (1-1000 ng/mL; 0.133-133 nM). At 1000 ng/mL (133 nM), both peptides increased cell number 1.8- to 2-fold. Combinations of IGF-I or -II (100 ng/mL; 13.3 nM) with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; 0.1 ng/mL; 6 pM) or epidermal growth factor (EGF; 1.0 ng/mL; 0.17 nM) had a greater effect on proliferation than bFGF, EGF, or either of the IGFs alone, suggesting an additive interaction. IGF-II mRNA was detected in cultured adrenal cortical cells by in situ hybridization analysis, and its abundance was stimulated by ACTH. In contrast, IGF-I mRNA was not detected in cultured fetal zone cells and was not regulated by ACTH. In whole human fetal adrenal glands, IGF-II mRNA was detected in the definitive and fetal zones and in the capsule, whereas IGF-I mRNA was detected only in the capsule and not in the two cortical zones. Using Northern blot analysis, we found that mRNA encoding IGF-II was present in high abundance in fetal adrenal glands (16-22 weeks) and barely detectable in adult adrenals, whereas mRNA encoding IGF-I was present in very low abundance in the fetal adrenal, but was high in adult human adrenals. As IGF-II expression is high in the human fetal adrenal cortex and is regulated by ACTH, we propose that it is the dominant of the two IGFs regulating human fetal adrenal growth. The cooperative mitogenic effect of IGF-II with bFGF and EGF and the regulation of its expression by ACTH support the hypothesis that IGF-II may act as a mediator, in concert with bFGF and possibly EGF, of the tropic action of ACTH in regulating the rapid growth of the human fetal adrenal cortex during midgestation.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This growth occurs primarily by ACTH stimulating the production of cAMP, which in turn promotes the synthesis of IGF-II (54, 55), basic fibroblast growth factor (56), and epidermal growth factor (57). Together, these growth factors stimulate adrenal cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia, determining the amount of steroidogenic tissue.”
From The Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Physiology of Human Steroidogenesis and Its Disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [55]
Citations
Cites
Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease
Chirgwin, J. M., Przybyla, A., MacDonald, R. J., & Rutter, W. J. (1979) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00591a005 · Cited by 21,460
G 1 Events and Regulation of Cell Proliferation
Pardee, A. B. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2683075 · Cited by 2,182
Ribonucleic acid isolated by cesium chloride centrifugation
Glišin, V., Crkvenjakov, R. B., & Byus, C. V. (1974) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00709a025 · Cited by 2,119
Parental imprinting of the mouse insulin-like growth factor II gene
DeChiara, T. M., Robertson, E. J., & Efstratiadis, A. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90513-x · Cited by 1,804
DeChiara, T. M., Efstratiadis, A., & Robertsen, E. J. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345078a0 · Cited by 1,663
A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro.
SALMON, W. D., & Daughaday, W. H. (1957) · PubMed · Cited by 1,084
pl Bl5: A cDNA Clone of the Rat mRNA Encoding Cyclophilin
Danielson, P. E., Forss‐Petter, S., Brow, M. A. D., Calavetta, L., DOUGLASS, J. O., Milner, R. J., & Sutcliffe, J. G. (1988) · DNA · doi:10.1089/dna.1988.7.261 · Cited by 1,020
Insulin-Like Growth Factors as Intraovarian Regulators of Granulosa Cell Growth and Function*
Adashi, E. Y., Resnick, C. E., D’Ercole, A. J., SVOBODA, M. E., & Wyk, J. J. V. (1985) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-6-3-400 · Cited by 911
Dual control of cell growth by somatomedins and platelet-derived growth factor.
Stiles, C. D., Capone, G. T., Scher, C. D., Antoniades, H. N., Wyk, J. J. V., & Pledger, W. J. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.3.1279 · Cited by 910
Somatomedin: Proposed Designation for Sulphation Factor
Daughaday, W. H., Hall, K. E., Raben, M. S., SALMON, W. D., den Brande, J. L. V., & Wyk, J. J. V. (1972) · Nature · doi:10.1038/235107a0 · Cited by 842
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–132 of 132
Umbilical cord androgens in infants of diabetic mothers
Gemer, O., Sevillia, J., Zalis, J., & Segal, S. (1997) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/bf02505322 · Cited by 6
Tong, A., Wang, F., Cui, Y., Li, C., & Li, Y. (2016) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2016/3403292 · Cited by 6
Chen, Y., Duan, F., Liu, L., Chen, G., He, Z., Huang, H., & Wang, H. (2022) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106102 · Cited by 5
Development and Function of the Adrenal Cortex and Medulla in the Fetus and Neonate
Antonini, S. R. R., Stecchini, M. F., & Ramalho, F. S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814823-5.00036-2 · Cited by 6
Aberdeen, G. W., Pepe, G., & Albrecht, E. (1999) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1630123 · Cited by 5
Fetal and Neonatal Adrenocortical Physiology
Watterberg, K. L., & Muglia, L. J. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-35214-7.00147-5 · Cited by 5
The Principles, Enzymes, and Pathways of Human Steroidogenesis
Auchus, R. J., & Miller, W. L. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-5583-9.00096-4 · Cited by 6
Adrenal Cortex Tumors and Hyperplasias
Pignatelli, D. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/19108 · Cited by 4
Warnes, K. E., McMillen, I. C., Robinson, J. S., & Coulter, C. L. (2004) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1081/erc-200043619 · Cited by 4
Does IGF-1 play a role in the etiopathogenesis of non-functioning adrenocortical adenoma?
Bahadır, Ç. T., Ecemiş, G. C., & Atmaca, H. N. (2018) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-018-0869-1 · Cited by 4
Adrenal Organogenesis and Steroidogenesis
Ramayya, M. S. (2001) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-101-5_2 · Cited by 4
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Bony Fish
Reinecke, M. (1997) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60915-2_14 · Cited by 3
Adrenocortical Stem and Progenitor Cells: Implications for Cancer
Heaton, J. H., & Hammer, G. D. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-77236-3_17 · Cited by 2
The Principles, Enzymes, and Pathways of Human Steroidogenesis
Auchus, R. J., & Miller, W. L. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-18907-1.00097-4 · Cited by 2
The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Adrenocortical Growth Control and Carcinogenesis
Fottner, C., Niederle, I. M., & Weber, M. M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-77236-3_15 · Cited by 2
Chen, G., Chen, Y., Ai, C., Li, B., & Wang, H. (2025) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2025.111625 · Cited by 1
Uncommon Adrenal Tumors in Children and Adolescents
Ribeiro, R. C., Galindo, C. R., Pinto, E. M., Zambetti, G. P., & de Figueiredo, B. C. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118464557.ch67 · Cited by 1
The Adrenal Cortex and its Disorders
Miller, W. L. (2005) · Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.1002/9780470987117.ch15 · Cited by 2
Molecular Development of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Adrenal (HPA) Axis
Tsakiri, S. P., Chrousos, G. P., & Margioris, A. N. (2002) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-156-5_16
Oki, Y. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1103-8_1
TERM SGA, AGA VE LGA YENİDOGANLARDA KORD KANI C-PEPTİD DÜZEYLERİ
Yıldız, F., Akın, M., Can, E., Güven, F., & Say, A. (1998) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · doi:10.16948/zktb.71963
Korrelation zwischen Nebennierenmorphologie und kardiovaskulären Parametern
Reincke, M., & Beuschlein, F. (2015)
Genetics of Adrenocortical Cancers
Assié, G., & Bertherat, J. Y. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44136-8_4
Frequency of incidental liver and renal masses accompanying adrenal incidentalomas
İmga, N. N., Tütüncü, Y., Unal, M., Tuna, M. M., Ayçiçek, B., Işık, S., Berker, D. S., & Güler, S. (2018) · Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi · doi:10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.395907
Chen, Y., Xia, X., Chen, G., Cao, J., & Wang, H. (2020) · doi:10.22541/au.160199715.58990928/v1
Data from Gene Expression Profiling of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors
West, A. N., Neale, G. A. M., Pounds, S. B., de Figueiredo, B. C., Galindo, C. R., Pianovski, M. A. D., Filho, A. G. O., Malkin, D. M., Lalli, E., Ribeiro, R. C., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6495792
Data from Gene Expression Profiling of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors
West, A. N., Neale, G. A. M., Pounds, S. B., de Figueiredo, B. C., Galindo, C. R., Pianovski, M. A. D., Filho, A. G. O., Malkin, D. M., Lalli, E., Ribeiro, R. C., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6495792.v1
Disorders in the initial steps in steroidogenesis
Miller, W. L., & Gucev, Z. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821424-4.00011-3
Metadata
- Authors
- Mesiano, S., Mellon, S. H., & Jaffe, R. B.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1993-04
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 968-976
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2048035500
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 22013, HD-08478)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- insulin-like growth factor II, insulin-like growth factor I, fetal adrenal gland, mitogenic activity, ACTH regulation, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, cell proliferation, IGF-II mRNA expression, human fetus, placenta, placental growth factor
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Glands, Cells, Cultured, Fetus, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II, Mitogens, Recombinant Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Tissue Distribution, Blotting, Northern, In Situ Hybridization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
