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A Low Dose of Ghrelin Stimulates Growth Hormone (GH) Release Synergistically with GH-Releasing Hormone in Humans
Abstract
The synergistic relationship between GH-releasing secretagogue (GHS) and GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) with respect to GH secretion is well known. In the present study, we report a similar relationship between GHRH and ghrelin, a recently identified endogenous ligand for the GHS receptor. In normal male adults, various doses of ghrelin were intravenously administered alone or together with 1.0 microg/kg GHRH. At small doses of 0.08 and 0.2 microg/kg ghrelin, combined administration of the two peptides significantly stimulated GH release in a synergistic manner; the mean GH response values of the two peptide combinations were more than the summed mean GH response values of each peptide alone (P < 0.05). In addition, at 1.0 microg/kg ghrelin, the tendency of the synergistic effect was observed, although the comparison was not statistically significant probably due to a submaximal dose ceiling effect. No synergistic effects with respect to ACTH or prolactin secretion were observed. In conclusion, the synergistic interaction between ghrelin and GHRH was clearly shown and might be useful for a provocation test to diagnose GH deficiency.
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“Ghrelin has the opposite effect on the arcuate nucleus, stimulating appetite, and prolonging postprandial glucose responses, while stimulating GH release.79”
From Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity (2012) · cites this paper as [79]
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Ghrelin: Structure and Function
Kojima, M., & Kangawa, K. (2005) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00012.2004 · Cited by 2,810
“Coadministration of ghrelin and GHRH had a synergistic effect on GH secretion; that is, coadministration results in more GH release than does either GHRH or ghrelin alone (13, 101).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBiological, Physiological, Pathophysiological, and Pharmacological Aspects of Ghrelin
van der Lely, A. J., Tschöp, M., Heiman, M. L., & Ghigo, E. (2004) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2002-0029 · Cited by 1,187
“The gastric hormone ghrelin was identified as an endogenous ligand for the former orphan receptor GHS-R 1a (1, 13, 14); the discovery of this receptor followed by 20 yr that of synthetic GHS, which specifically binds it (1, 14, 17, 19–21, Abbreviations: AGRP, Agouti-related protein; CNS, central nervous system; CST, c…”
MethodInfluentialMüller, T. D., Nogueiras, R., Andermann, M. L., Andrews, Z. B., Anker, S. D., Argente, J., Batterham, R. L., Benoit, S. C., Bowers, C. Y., Broglio, F., et al. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.03.005 · Cited by 1,034
Self-citationDeletion of Ghrelin Impairs neither Growth nor Appetite
Sun, Y., Ahmed, S., & Smith, R. G. (2003) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.23.22.7973-7981.2003 · Cited by 651
“An overwhelming amount of pharmacological data suggests that ghrelin has significant impact on body fat content (12, 20, 21, 35, 40), but our body composition study showed that the fat contents as a percentage of body mass of ghrelin / and wild-type littermates were identical (Fig.”
BackgroundGhrelin?a hormone with multiple functions
Korbonits, M. (2004) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.03.002 · Cited by 607
Metadata
- Authors
- Hataya, Y., Akamizu, T., Takaya, K., Kanamoto, N., Ariyasu, H., Saijo, M., Moriyama, K., Shimatsu, A., Kojima, M., Kangawa, K., & Nakao, K.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Kyoto Medical Center (JP)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4552-4552
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2148006619
- Cited by
- 293
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 17.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- ghrelin, growth hormone-releasing hormone, growth hormone secretion, synergistic hormone interaction, GHS receptor, provocation tests, ACTH, prolactin
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Synergism, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Peptides, Pituitary Hormones, Anterior, Prolactin, Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Human Growth Hormone, Peptide Hormones, Ghrelin
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