Cited by 153Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ResearchPI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancerGenetic and rare skin diseases.

Biallelic TSC gene inactivation in tuberous sclerosis complex

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Crino, Peter B., Aronica, Eleonora, Baltuch, Gordon, Nathanson, Katherine L.·2010·Neurology

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A pivotal developmental question is whether tubers in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) form by germline and somatic TSC1 or TSC2 gene mutations. Loss of TSC1 or TSC2 in vitro and in vivo leads to mTORC1 cascade activation and ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation (P-S6). Giant cells (GCs) in tubers exhibit S6 phosphorylation, suggesting cell-specific loss of TSC gene function. METHODS: TSC1 and TSC2 gene mutations were investigated in DNA extracted from tuber sections (n = 6) and microdissected P-S6-labeled GCs by sequencing and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis to define germline and somatic mutations. RESULTS: A germline TSC1 mutation was defined in 1 case and TSC2 mutations were defined in 5 cases. LOH was not detected in whole tuber sections or microdissected P-S6-labeled GCs. TSC1 and TSC2 were sequenced in microdissected P-S6-immunolabeled GCs. In 5 specimens, a somatic mutation was identified in single GCs that was not detected in whole tuber sections or leukocyte DNA. Four somatic mutations were novel variants (1 nonsense and 3 missense mutations) and 1 additional nonsense somatic mutation was previously reported as a germline mutation. In 1 case, no somatic mutation was identified. There was reduced expression of TSC1 or TSC2 transcripts in the TSC1 or TSC2 associated specimens. In the cases containing a nonsense mutation, no transcript mRNA was detected, suggesting nonsense-mediated degradation. CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence to support the hypothesis that tubers form by biallelic TSC1 or TSC2 gene inactivation reflecting a "2-hit" mechanism of germline and somatic mutational events. AML = angiomyolipoma; DN = dysplastic neuron; FFPE = formalin fixed, paraffin embedded; GC = giant cell; H-E = hematoxylin and eosin; LOH = loss of heterozygosity; TSC = tuberous sclerosis complex.

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  • Second-hit mutations are frequently observed in TSC-related hamartomas and have been identified in some resected tubers from patients.

    “Second-hit mutations are frequently observed in TSC-related hamartomas and have been identified in some resected tubers from patients14,21,22,23.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. van Slegtenhorst M, de Hoogt R, Hermans C, et al. Iden- tification of the tuberous sclerosis gene TSC1 on chromo- some 9q34. Science 1997;277:805-808.
  2. Chan JA, Zhang H, Roberts PS, et al. Pathogenesis of tu- berous sclerosis subependymal giant cell astrocytomas: bi- allelic inactivation of TSC1 or TSC2 leads to mTOR activation. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2004;63:1236 - 1242.
  3. Crino PB, Nathanson KL, Henske EP. The tuberous scle- rosis complex. N Engl J Med 2006;335:1345-1356.

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Authors
Crino, P. B., Aronica, E., Baltuch, G., & Nathanson, K. L.
Affiliations
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
Venue
Neurology
Published
2010-05-25
Volume
74
Issue
21
Pages
1716-1723
ISSN
  • 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
  • 1526-632X
OpenAlex
W2109996787
Cited by
153
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
FWCI
7.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Universiteit van Amsterdam
  • Erasmus Medisch Centrum
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA118871, R01CA114478)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS048557, R01NS045021)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and rare skin diseases.
Keywords
tuberous sclerosis complex, TSC1, TSC2, germline mutations, somatic mutations, two-hit mechanism, tuberization, mTORC1 signaling, S6 phosphorylation, giant cells, loss of heterozygosity, nonsense mutation, missense mutations, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, transcript expression
MeSH terms
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein, Adolescent, Brain, DNA Mutational Analysis, Exons, Female, Humans, Male, Mutation, RNA, Messenger, Tuberous Sclerosis, Loss of Heterozygosity, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Ribosomal Protein S6, Microdissection

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