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Cited by 254Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchHallucinations in medical conditionsAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Incidence of and risk factors for hallucinations and delusions in patients with probable AD

Paulsen, J.S., Salmon, D.P., Thal, L.J., Romero, R., Weisstein–Jenkins, C., Galasko, D., Hofstetter, C.R., Thomas, R. +2 more·2000·Neurology
DOI 10.1212/wnl.54.10.1965
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of and risk factors for hallucinations and delusions associated with patients clinically diagnosed with probable AD. BACKGROUND: Estimates of the incidence of psychosis in AD range widely from 10% to 75%. The risk factors for psychosis of AD are not known, although multiple studies indicate that AD patients with psychosis demonstrate greater cognitive and functional impairment. METHODS: The authors conducted psychiatric evaluations of 329 patients with probable AD from the University of California at San Diego Alzheimer's Disease Research Center to determine the incidence of hallucinations and delusions. They examined data from annual clinical and neuropsychological evaluations to determine whether there were specific risk factors for the development of hallucinations and delusions. RESULTS: Using Cox survival analyses, the cumulative incidence of hallucinations and delusions was 20.1% at 1 year, 36.1% at 2, 49.5% at 3, and 51.3% at 4 years. Parkinsonian gait, bradyphrenia, exaggerated general cognitive decline, and exaggerated semantic memory decline were significant predictors. Age, education, and gender were not significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found a relatively high incidence of hallucinations and delusions in patients diagnosed with probable AD and suggest that specific neurologic signs, cognitive abilities, and accelerated decline may be predictive markers for their occurrence.

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Authors
Paulsen, J. S., Salmon, D. P., Thal, L. J., Romero, R., Weisstein–Jenkins, C., Galasko, D., Hofstetter, C. R., Thomas, R., Grant, I., & Jeste, D. V.
Affiliations
  • University of Iowa (US)
  • From the Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology (Dr. Paulsen)University of Iowa, Iowa City; Departments of Psychiatry (Drs. Salmon, Grant, Jeste, and R. Romero) and Neurosciences (Drs. Salmon, Thal, Weisstein-Jenkins, Galasko, Hofstetter, Thomas, and Jeste), University of California at San Diego School of Medicine; and the San Diego Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Drs. Galasko, Grant, and Jeste).
ORCID
Venue
Neurology
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2000-05-23
Volume
54
Issue
10
Pages
1965-1971
ISSN
  • 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
  • 1526-632X
DOI
10.1212/wnl.54.10.1965
OpenAlex
W2144373877
Cited by
254
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
FWCI
12.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (AG05131, P50AG005131, AG 12963, R01AG012963, AG-05561)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, hallucinations, delusions, psychosis, incidence, risk factors, parkinsonian gait, bradyphrenia, cognitive decline, prodromal Alzheimer's disease
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Delusions, Frontal Lobe, Hallucinations, Humans, Mental Status Schedule, Neuropsychological Tests, Prognosis, Psychotic Disorders, Risk Factors

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