Pattern of differentiated nerve cells in hydra is determined by precursor migration
Abstract
The nervous system of the fresh water polyp hydra is built up as a nerve net spread over the whole body, with higher densities in the head and the foot. In adult hydra, as a result of continuous growth, new nerve cell differentiation takes place continuously. The pattern of nerve cell differentiation and the role of nerve cell precursor migration in establishing the pattern have been observed in vivo by vitally labelling precursor cells with DiI. The results indicate that nerve cell precursors arise directly from stem cells, complete a final cell cycle and divide, giving rise to two daughter cells, which differentiate into nerve cells. A subpopulation of the nerve cell precursors are migratory for a brief interval at the onset of the terminal cell cycle, then complete the cell cycle and divide at the site of differentiation. Labelling small patches of tissue in the head, body column and peduncle/foot with DiI indicated that formation of nerve cell precursors was nearly constant at all three positions. However, at least half of the labelled precursors in the body column migrated to the head or foot before differentiating; by contrast, precursors in head and foot differentiated in situ without significant migration. This redistribution leads to a net increase of nerve cell precursors in head and foot compared to body column and thus to the higher density of nerve cells in these regions.
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In Hydra, regeneration neurogenesis is accomplished by integrating stem cell derived migratory neuronal precursor cells into the nervous system.
“In Hydra, this is accomplished by integrating stem cell derived migratory neuronal precursor cells into the nervous system [95,96].”
From Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire (2017) · cites this paper as [95]
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Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire
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- Authors
- Hager, G., & David, C. N.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- ORCID
- David, Charles N.
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 1997-01-15
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 569-576
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2101891725
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- Hydra, neuronal differentiation, neural stem cells, nerve net, in situ differentiation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Cell Movement, Fluorescent Dyes, Hydra, Indoles, Mitosis, Models, Biological, Neurons, Stem Cells, S Phase
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