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Cited by 8Exercise and Physiological ResponsesNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

LeuCAM and Reactive Oxygen Species during Long-Term Exercise Combined with Sleep and Energy Deficiency

NIELSEN, HILDE GRINDVIK, OPSTAD, PER KRISTIAN, LYBERG, TORSTEIN·2007·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
DOI 10.1249/01.mss.0000241648.07382.7c
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: During the Norwegian military ranger-training course, cadets are exposed to prolonged physical exercise combined with sleep-, energy-, and food deficiency. The open-window postexercise hypothesis indicates that after hard physical activity, there is an increased risk of contracting infectious diseases. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to determine leukocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, total antioxidant status (TAS), leukocyte expression of the cell adhesion molecules CD62L and CD11b, and plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecule L-selectin before, during, and in the recovery phase of a military ranger-training course. METHODS: Ten cadets from the Norwegian Military Academy were recruited to the study. Flow cytometry was used to study the intracellular levels of ROS in leukocytes (basally, as well as after in vitro stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)), applying the probes dihydroethidium (DHE) and dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) and the leukocyte expression of adhesion molecules CD62L and CD11b. ELISA was used to assess the plasma levels of soluble L-selectin, and TAS in plasma was measured using the ABTS+ reduction assay kit. RESULTS: The basal levels of ROS as well as PMA-stimulated ROS in leukocytes declined gradually during the ranger-training course, being lowest on the last day (P < 0.05). The level of TAS increased (P < 0.01) during the course. A striking decrease (P < 0.001) was observed in leukocyte CD62L expression and was sustained even after 3 d of recovery. The leukocyte expression of CD11b remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The ranger-training course leads to a partial exhaustion of the leukocyte ROS-generating machinery and to a nearly total extinguishing of leukocyte CD62L expression. These changes may support the open-window hypothesis indicating reduced ability to combat microbial invasions before total restitution.

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  • Leukocytes can sense and synthesize neuroendocrine mediators of the hypothalamic, pituitary, and glandular level and can form their own local neuroendocrine axis in an autocrine and paracrine manner.

    “Leukocytes can sense and synthesize a plethora of neuroendocrine mediators of the hypothalamic, pituitary, and glandular level [e.g., corticotropin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol; growth hormone releasing hormone, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1; dopamine, prolactin] and can even form an own, local neuroendocrine axis in an autocrine and paracrine manner”

    From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [401]

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Authors
NIELSEN, H. G., OPSTAD, P. K., & LYBERG, T.
Affiliations
  • Oslo University Hospital (NO)
  • Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NO)
ORCID
NIELSEN, HILDE GRINDVIK
Venue
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2007-02
Volume
39
Issue
2
Pages
275-282
ISSN
0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1249/01.mss.0000241648.07382.7c
OpenAlex
W2040778840
Cited by
8
References
31
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords
reactive oxygen species, leukocytes, total antioxidant status, L-selectin, CD11b, adhesion molecules, infection susceptibility, military education, sleep deprivation, energy deficiency, long-term exercise, post-exercise recovery, phorbol myristate acetate stimulation
MeSH terms
Adult, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Leukocyte Count, Male, Military Personnel, Motor Activity, Norway, Prospective Studies, Sleep Deprivation, Starvation, Time Factors, Exercise, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Reactive Oxygen Species, L-Selectin, CD11b Antigen

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