Glucocorticoids decrease astrocyte numbers by reducing glucocorticoid receptor expression in vitro and in vivo
Open accessAbstract
Glucocorticoids are stress hormones released from the adrenal cortex and their concentration is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In this study, we investigated the effect of glucocorticoids on the number of astrocytes and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in vitro and in vivo. Proliferation of cultured astrocytes was reduced following treatment with corticosterone and dexamethasone for 72 h. Corticosterone and dexamethasone also reduced GR expression in astrocytes. RU486, a GR antagonist, inhibited the reduction in both astrocyte proliferation and GR expression. Furthermore, GR knockdown by siRNA inhibited astrocyte proliferation. We also examined the effect of excessive glucocorticoid release on GR expression and the number of astrocytes in vivo by administering adrenocorticotropic hormone to rats for 14 days. GR expression was reduced in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and the number of astrocytes was reduced in the frontal cortex. Overall, our results suggest that glucocorticoids decrease the number of astrocytes by reducing GR expression.
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- Authors
- Unemura, K., Kume, T., Kondo, M., Maeda, Y., Izumi, Y., & Akaike, A.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Venue
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
- Publisher
- Japanese Pharmacological Society
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-39
- ISSN
- 1347-8613 (ISSN-L)
- 1347-8648
- OpenAlex
- W2034539973
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23790083, 24590111, 24390139)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- glucocorticoids, astrocytes, glucocorticoid receptor, corticosterone, dexamethasone, astrocyte proliferation, RU486, ACTH, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress hormones
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Astrocytes, Cells, Cultured, Corticosterone, Dexamethasone, Glucocorticoids, Hippocampus, Male, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Down-Regulation, Mifepristone, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression, Rats, Wistar, Prefrontal Cortex, Cell Proliferation, Rats
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