The DOI matches its Crossref record; 70 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Firms, Informality, and Development: Theory and Evidence from Brazil
Open accessAbstract
This paper develops and estimates an equilibrium model where heterogeneous firms can exploit two margins of informality: (i) not register their business, the extensive margin; and (ii) hire workers “off the books,” the intensive margin. The model encompasses the main competing frameworks for understanding informality and provides a natural setting to infer their empirical relevance. The counterfactual analysis shows that once the intensive margin is accounted for, firm and labor informality need not move in the same direction as a result of policy changes. Lower informality can be, but is not necessarily associated with higher output, TFP, or welfare. (JEL D22, E26, H26, J46, O14, O17)
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity
Melitz, M. J. (2003) · Econometrica · doi:10.1111/1468-0262.00467 · Cited by 12,309
The Dynamics of Productivity in the Telecommunications Equipment Industry
Olley, G. S., & Pakes, A. (1996) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2171831 · Cited by 7,112
Income tax evasion: a theoretical analysis
Allingham, M. G., & Sandmo, A. (1972) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/0047-2727(72)90010-2 · Cited by 4,970
Misallocation and Manufacturing TFP in China and India*
Hsieh, C.-T., & Klenow, P. J. (2009) · Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/qjec.2009.124.4.1403 · Cited by 4,175
Djankov, S., La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2002) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/003355302753399436 · Cited by 3,956 · cited 2×
“…Persson 2013). as they imply that regulations generate wasteful, fixed costs that are associated to formalization, which is in line with the existing literature (e.g., De Soto 1989; Djankov et al. 2002; Bertrand and Kramarz 2002; Kaplan, Piedra, and Seira 2011; De Mel, McKenzie, and Woodruff 2013).”
Misallocation and Manufacturing TFP in China and India
Hsieh, C.-T., & Klenow, P. (2007) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w13290 · Cited by 1,934
Consumption Over the Life Cycle
Gourinchas, P.-O., & Parker, J. A. (2002) · Econometrica · doi:10.1111/1468-0262.00269 · Cited by 1,781
Finite state markov-chain approximations to univariate and vector autoregressions
Tauchen, G. (1986) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/0165-1765(86)90168-0 · Cited by 1,536
Maloney, W. F. (2004) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.01.008 · Cited by 1,479
La Porta, R., & Shleifer, A. (2014) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.28.3.109 · Cited by 1,474
Metadata
- Authors
- Ulyssea, G.
- Venue
- American Economic Review
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2018-08-01
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2015-2047
- ISSN
- 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W229983646
- Cited by
- 565
- References
- 70
- FWCI
- 66.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Firms, Informality, and Development: Theory and Evidence from Brazil. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/aer.20141745
- The paper
- Ulyssea, G. (2018). Firms, Informality, and Development: Theory and Evidence from Brazil. American Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20141745
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.