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Cited by 212Open Source Software InnovationsEthics and Social Impacts of AICopyright and Intellectual Property

The Political Agnosticism of Free and Open Source Software and the Inadvertent Politics of Contrast

Open access
Coleman, Gabriella·2004·Anthropological Quarterly
DOI 10.1353/anq.2004.0035
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Abstract

Refereed

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1353/anq.2004.0035

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 27 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingreasoning

    FOSS is made visible to wider publics through its extensive use and resignification.

    “FOSS is made visible to wider publics through its extensive use and resignification.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Findingreasoning

    Political intent and subjectivity are noticeably absent in the constitution of the free software and open source movement.

    “Political intent and subjectivity are indeed noticeably absent in the constitution of the free software and open source movement”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingcitation

    The commons movement pragmatically built their licenses and justifications around the already existing practice of FOSS.

    “The commons movement, centered on the idea of creating public goods to reinvigorate democratic principles, pragmatically built their licenses and justifications around the already existing practice of FOSS (Bollier 2002, Lessig 2001).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Bollier 2002

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Lessig 2001

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Interpretationreasoning

    The social practices of free and open software raise the idea that forms of property can be antithetical to the principles of free speech.

    “the social practices of free and open software raise the idea that forms property can be antithetical to the principles of free speech”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Interpretationreasoning

    FOSS recalibrates some distinctions and associations between free speech and intellectual property.

    “It works because it recalibrates some of the distinctions and associations between free speech and intellectual property”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 44
  • May combine two claims. 13

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    FOSS developers place an extremely high premium on open technical production as an avenue for expressive activity.

    “FOSS developers also place an extremely high premium on open technical production as an avenue for expressive activity.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    FOSS developers deny that FOSS has a deliberate political agenda or any political program.

    “FOSS developers would suggest that it is unacceptable to claim that FOSS has as one of its goals anti-globalization, or for that matter any political program”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Technical or economic rationalities are often the native explanation for FOSS.

    “While technical or economic rationalities are often the native explanation for FOSS”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    The indiscriminate application of patents to software algorithms and other encryption and copyright laws, such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), are construed as threats to the free ability of programmers to write source code.

    “The indiscriminate application of patents to software algorithms and other encryption and copyright laws, such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), are construed as threats to the free ability of programmers to write source code”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Findingreasoning

    Political affiliation might deter people from participating on development, thus creating an artificial barrier to entry into this sphere whose ideal and idealized form is a transparent meritocracy.

    “Political affiliation also might deter people from participating on development, thus creating an artificial barrier to entry into this sphere whose ideal and idealized form is a transparent meritocracy.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    According to hackers, the fact that anyone can use FOSS and that it can be directed towards economic, political, and personal ends is a positive side-effect of openness; they consider it a testament to the power of a neutral political commitment.

    “According to hackers, the fact that anyone can use FOSS and that it can be directed towards economic, political, and personal ends is a positive side-effect of openness; they consider it a testament to the power of a neutral political commitment.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    While programming is considered a transparent, neutral, highly controllable realm for thought and expression where production results in immediate gratification and something useful, politics tend to be seen by programmers as buggy, mediated, and tainted action clouded by ideology that is not productive of much of anything while it insidiously works against true forms of free thought.

    “While program-ming is considered a transparent, neutral, highly controllable realm for thought and expression where production results in immediate gratification and something useful, politics tend to be seen by programmers as buggy, mediated, and tainted action clouded by ideology that is not productive of much of anything while it insidiously works against true forms of free thought.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Findingreasoning

    Political claims outside of software subtract from, tarnish, and censor the sphere for the free circulation of thought, action, and expression.

    “Put simply, political claims outside of software subtract from, tarnish, and censor the sphere for the free circulation of thought, action, and expression.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Programmers describe their craft as an activity that allows for personal unrestricted forms of creativity, expression, learning, and action, enacted through a digital computer, preferably interfaced through a transparent and flexible technical environment (like UNIX).

    “Programmers describe their craft as an activity that allows for personal unrestricted forms of creativity, expression, learning, and action, enacted through a medium, the digital computer, and preferably interfaced through a transparent and flexible, technical environment (like UNIX).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    Leftist media websites such as Indymedia.net run almost entirely on FOSS while its activists adore it for its subversive, anticapitalist potentialities.

    “On the opposite side of the spectrum, leftist media websites such as Indymedia.netrun almost entirely on FOSS while its activists adore it for its subversive, anticapitalist potentialities.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Downloading music, watching movies, socializing in chat rooms, playing games, creating software libre, meeting future girlfriends and wives on chat channels, reading news daily online contribute to a strong practical orientation and embodied disposition that the activity of communicating on and creating through a computer is a space of freedom for entertainment, production, pedagogy, and sociality

    “Downloading music and watching movies, socializing in chat rooms, playing highly addictive mutli-player games, creating software libre, meeting future girlfriends and wives on chat channels, reading your news daily online-all these activities contribute to a strong practical orientation and embodied disposition that the activity of communicating on and creating through a computer is a space of”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    You can't tweak politics in an elegant and creative way to achieve something immediately gratifying, and thus it goes against everything programmers think and love about computing.

    “You can't tweak politics in an elegant and creative way to achieve something immediately gratifying, and thus it goes against everything programmers think and love about computing.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Hackers and programmers have only recently come to conceptualize source code as a form of communication worthy of the broadest protections afforded by First Amendment law.

    “which hackers and programmers have only recently come to conceptualize as a form of communication worthy of the broadest protections afforded by First Amendment law.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    A political tag is perceived to curtail one's personal freedom for deciding how to best interpret this domain of activity-a form of censorship and thus a highly polluted association to conjure.

    “A political tag is also perceived to curtail one's personal freedom for deciding how to best interpret this domain of activity-a form of censorship and thus a highly polluted association to conjure.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    FOSS is shifting understandings of the appropriate use of intellectual property instruments and the scope of free speech protections.

    “FOSS has not only transformed the dynamics of software development but is also shifting understandings of the appropriate use of intellectual property instruments and the scope of free speech protections.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    FOSS has transformed the dynamics of software development.

    “FOSS has not only transformed the dynamics of software development but is also shifting understandings of the appropriate use of intellectual property instruments and the scope of free speech protections.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    This cultural positioning is informed by computing techniques and outwardly expresses and thus constitutes hacker values.

    “a cultural positioning that simultaneously is informed by the computing techniques and outwardly expresses and thus constitutes hacker values.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisereasoning

    All provisions in these documents work through a logic of non-discrimination as to achieve universality.

    “All provisions in these documents work through a logic of non-discrimination as to achieve universality.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Free Software Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Debian Free Software Guidelines

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Open Source Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    The goal of these charters is to enact a universal sphere for the flourishing of free forms of action and thought.

    “the goal of which is to enact a universal sphere for the flourishing of free forms of action and thought.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Free Software Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Debian Free Software Guidelines

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Open Source Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    The moral and semiotic load of free software is a commitment to prevent limiting the freedom of others.

    “The moral and semiotic load of free software is a commitment to prevent limiting the freedom of others.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Free Software Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Debian Free Software Guidelines

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Open Source Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Political denial is culturally orchestrated through a rearticulation of free speech principles.

    “political denial is culturally orchestrated through a rearticulation of free speech principles”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    In the three key documents guiding FOSS licenses, freedom underscores an individual's right to create, use, and distribute software in a manner that allows the same for others, so long as license rules are followed.

    “In these charters, freedom underscores an individual's right to create, use, and distribute software in a manner that will allow exactly the same for others, so long as license rules are followed”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Free Software Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Debian Free Software Guidelines

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Open Source Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Within this purview, source code is treated implicitly and explicitly as a form of speech.

    “Within this purview, source code, the line-by-line directions that programmers write to make software applications, is treated implicitly and explicitly as a form of speech.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Free Software Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Debian Free Software Guidelines

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Open Source Definition

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    FOSS enjoins others to become part of its performance in various ways: use of FOSS artifacts and licenses, participation in projects, reflection of the larger meaning of collaboration, and the reuse (and reconfigurations) of its licenses for other non-technological objects.

    “Perhaps most significant is that FOSS enjoins others to become part of its performance in various ways: use of FOSS artifacts and licenses, participation in projects, reflection of the larger meaning of collaboration, and the reuse (and reconfigurations) of its licenses for other non-technological objects, such as college courseware, music, books, and movies.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Despite incipient cognizance of legal threats to free speech, what grows out of the life world of intense, lifelong programming and networked sociality is an overt aesthetic dislike for politics and a culturally embodied experience of freedom that conceptually shuns politics.

    “Despite this incipient cognizance of the legal threats to free speech, what grows out of this particular life world of intense, lifelong programming and networked sociality is an overt aesthetic dislike for politics and a culturally embodied experience of freedom that conceptually shuns politics.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Due to productive ambiguity that resists political affiliation of left, right, and liberal, FOSS has circulated extensively, though the relevance of freedom and openness mutates along the way of its excursions.

    “Due to this productive ambiguity that resists political affiliation of left, right, and liberal, FOSS has circulated extensively, though the relevance of freedom and openness mutates along the way of its excursions”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Computing is understood and experienced by FOSS hackers as the very micro-sphere for the unfettered circulation of thought, expression, and action that freedom within the macro-sphere FOSS seeks to achieve through licenses.

    “In essence, computing is understood and experienced (sometimes reflectively, other times implicitly) by FOSS hackers as the very micro-sphere for the unfettered circulation of thought, expression, and action that freedom within the macro-sphere FOSS seeks to achieve through licenses.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    This objectification is buttressed within a hacker public sphere and as a political vector to make claims against the aggressive application of intellectual property restrictions.

    “an objectification buttressed within a hacker public sphere and as a political vector to make claims against the aggressive application of intellectual property restrictions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Free speech, privacy, and property right have complex histories born from material and discursive struggles over meaning.

    “In other words, it reminds us that free speech, privacy, and property right have complex histories born from material and discursive struggles over meaning, even if such principles are socially construed as beyond the turmoil of history.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Bollinger and Stone 2002

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    It is analytically deficient to analyze the free speech elements of free software as an example of these otherwise cogent analyses-that is, as an augmentation or verification of an already existing and mystified American liberal tradition.

    “While relevant in other ways, it is analytically deficient to analyze the free speech elements of free software as an example of these otherwise cogent analyses-that is, as an augmentation or verification of an already existing and mystified American liberal tradition.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    To simply assert that the free speech character of FOSS is an expression of liberal values occludes key questions of investigation.

    “Also to simply assert that the free speech character of FOSS is an expression of liberal values occludes key questions of investigation”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    FOSS functions as a form of critical ethnography writ large.

    “FOSS, among many other things, functions as a form of critical ethnography writ large.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Thousands upon thousands of developers laboring to make software libre provides potent critiques and viable alternatives since it is realized by the social performance of collective labor and licenses that others can and now do use.

    “Thousands upon thousands of developers laboring to make software libre provides potent critiques and viable alternatives since it is realized by the social performance of collective labor and licenses that others can and now do use.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The technological potential for unlimited programmable capabilities melds with what is seen as the expansive ability for programmers to create.

    “The technological potential for unlimited programmable capabilities melds with what is seen as the expansive ability for programmers to create.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    For programmers, computing in a dual sense, as a technology and as an activity, becomes a total realm for the freedom of creation and expression.

    “For programmers, computing in a dual sense, as a technology and as an activity, becomes a total realm for the freedom of creation and expression.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Forms of political neutrality are immanent to free speech doctrine.

    “As a number of critical scholars argue, forms of political neutrality are immanent to free speech doctrine (Brown 1995, Fish 1999, Marcuse 1965, MacKinnon 1993, Passavat 2002).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Brown 1995 source
    • cites Fish 1999

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Marcuse 1965

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Each group situates FOSS in ways that empower and legitimate their own aspirations, but through their particular efforts they extend FOSS to wider publics.

    “Each group situates it in ways that empowers and legitimates their own aspirations, but through their particular efforts they extend FOSS to wider publics.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    The pragmatics of computing is a means by which to typify political activity as distasteful, unappealing, and ineffective.

    “In addition, the pragmatics of computing is a means by which to typify political activity as distasteful, unappealing, and ineffective.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationnone given

    Though there are distinct imaginaries grafted onto FOSS, certain implicit political messages within the labor and law of free and open source software also gain visible prominence.

    “And though there are distinct imaginaries grafted onto FOSS, certain implicit political messages within the labor and law of free and open source software also gain visible prominence.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    These critiques treat decontextualized neutrality primarily as ideological scaffolding that justifies a politics of individual liberties over those of structural equality.

    “These critiques treat decontextualized neutrality primarily as ideological scaffolding that justifies a politics of individual liberties over those of structural equality.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Brown 1995 source
    • cites Fish 1999

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites Marcuse 1965

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The freedom of free software, while influenced by wider liberal sensibilities, is fundamentally shaped by the pragmatics of programming and the social context of Internet use.

    “The freedom of free software, while influenced by wider liberal sensibilities, is fundamentally shaped by the pragmatics of programming and the social context of Internet use.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Actualized labor in practice undermines current theories of labor in the law whose nature is to pose singular models for the proper relationship between legal means and ends.

    “Actualized labor in practice undermines current theories of labor in the law whose nature is to pose singular models for the proper relationship between legal means and ends.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    The feature of critique that arises through the cultural struggle to recreate and redefine meanings and associations is much more ephemeral than the supposed ephemera of virtual social spaces.

    “The feature of critique that arises through the cultural struggle to recreate and redefine meanings and associations, I have come to learn, is much more ephemeral than the supposed ephemera of virtual social spaces.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Through FOSS' visibility, circulation, and use, the juridical understanding of free speech is shifting while some of the ingrained assumptions of intellectual property law have already been partially destabilized, the wider effect of which has been to open up a social space for new legal possibilities.

    “Through FOSS' visibility, circulation, and use, the juridical understanding of free speech is shifting while some of the ingrained assumptions of intellectual property law have already been partially destabilized, the wider effect of which has been to open up a social space for new legal possibilities.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Richard Stallman showed through a clever legal hack that politics can be gratifying and indeed very productive.

    “While many hackers might think you can't tweak politics in an elegant and creative way to achieve something immediate and useful, Richard Stallman, the mastermind behind the copyleft, showed through a clever legal hack that politics can be gratifying and indeed very productive.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Journalistic, popular, and native narrative retelling of the rise and importance of new practices or political sensibilities often don't integrate this moment of cultural defamiliarization, focusing instead on the rubric of great men and their ideas or explanation through unintended consequences that may not have been part of its genesis.

    “The journalistic, popular, and native narrative retelling of the rise and importance of new practices or political sensibilities often don't integrate this moment of cultural defamiliarization, focusing instead on the rubric of great men and their ideas or explanation through unintended consequences that may not have been part of its genesis.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationnone given

    FOSS is one local instantiation of liberal values, a rearticulation centered on reposing the relationship between intellectual property and free speech law by redirecting the use of licenses to protect expressive activity.

    “FOSS, I have argued, is one local instantiation of liberal values, a rearticulation centered on reposing the relationship between intellectual property and free speech law by redirecting the use of licenses to protect expressive activity.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    FOSS sensibilities of freedom and the growing hacker assertion that source code is speech, largely regimented as politically neutral through liberal values, are also rooted in methodologies, values, and techniques constituted around the act of writing code and expressed visibly in a wider public social sphere of hacking.

    “FOSS sensibilities of freedom and the growing hacker assertion that source code is speech, largely regimented as politically neutral through liberal values, are also rooted in methodologies, values, and techniques constituted around the act of writing code and expressed visibly in a wider public social sphere of hacking.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
48 of 48

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The practices and statements of FOSS hackers are culturally significant and can be read as expressing a coherent set of values.

    “The witnessable set of practices, such as collaborative production and the creative deployment of licenses, has become a social point of contrast”
1 of 1

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • Gray citation year differs from the reference

    Minor

    The endnote cites Gray as 1996, while the reference list gives 1986.

  • Mauss citation year differs from the reference

    Minor

    The text cites Mauss as 1967, whereas the reference list gives 1954.

  • Fisher surname differs from the reference

    Minor

    The text names Marcus and Fisher, while the reference list names Marcus and Fischer for the 1986 work.

  • Betting citation year differs from the reference

    Minor

    The endnote cites Betting as 1996, but the reference list gives 1986.

  • Fish citation year differs from the reference

    Minor

    The text cites Fish as 1999, but the reference list gives 1994.

  • Graves citation does not match the listed author

    Minor

    The endnote cites Graves (1994), but the corresponding 1994 reference names Greaves.

6 of 6

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. [4]4. Betting, Ronald. 1986. Copyrighting Culture. Boulder: Westview Press.
  2. [11]11. Comaroff, Jean. 1985. Body of Power Spirit of Resistance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  3. [14]14. Coombe, Rosemary J. 1998. The Cultural Life of Intellectual Property. Durham: Duke University Press.
  4. [18]18. Gray, John. 1986. Liberalism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  5. [22]22. Kelty, Christopher. 2000. "Anthropology Monsters, Faces of the Gift." Paper presented AAA conference November 15-19.
  6. [25]25. MacKinnon, Catherine. 1993. Only Words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  7. [27]27. Marcus, George E. and Michael Fischer. 1986. Anthropology as Cultural Critique. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  8. [29]29. Martin, Randy. 1998. Critical Moves: Dance Studies in Theory and Practice. Durham: Duke University Press.
  9. [33]33. Nimmer, Melvin. 1970. "Does Copyright Abridge First Amendment Guaranties of Free Speech and the Press?" UCLA Law Review 17:1181-86.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Coleman, G.
Affiliations
University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
Coleman, Gabriella
ORCID
Coleman, Gabriella
Venue
Anthropological Quarterly
Publisher
Project MUSE
Published
2004-06
Volume
77
Issue
3
Pages
507-519
ISSN
  • 0003-5491 (ISSN-L)
  • 1534-1518
DOI
10.1353/anq.2004.0035
OpenAlex
W1981981344
Cited by
212
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 14
FWCI
13.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
public-domain
Locations
  • Anthropological Quarterly (publishedVersion)
  • eVols (University of Hawaii) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
  • Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Open Source Software Innovations
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Copyright and Intellectual Property
Keywords
free and open source software, contrast, political neutrality

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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