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Cited by 526

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The Upheavals in Egypt and Tunisia: The Role of Digital Media

Howard, Philip N., Hussain, Muzammil M.·2011·Journal of Democracy

Abstract

Abstract: During the "Arab Spring," young tech savvy activists led uprisings in a dozen countries across North Africa and the Middle East. At first, digital media allowed democratization movements to develop new tactics for catching dictators off guard. Eventually, authoritarian governments worked social media into their own counter-insurgency strategies. What have we learned about the role of digital media in modern protest? Digital media helped to turn individualized, localized, and community-specific dissent into structured movements with a collective consciousness about both shared grievances and opportunities for action.

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Metadata

Authors
Howard, P. N., & Hussain, M. M.
Venue
Journal of Democracy
Publisher
Project MUSE
Published
2011-07
Volume
22
Issue
3
Pages
35-48
ISSN
  • 1045-5736 (ISSN-L)
  • 1086-3214
OpenAlex
W2149231765
Cited by
526
References
0
FWCI
152.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Upheavals in Egypt and Tunisia: The Role of Digital Media. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1353/jod.2011.0041
The paper
Howard, P. N., & Hussain, M. M. (2011). The Upheavals in Egypt and Tunisia: The Role of Digital Media. Journal of Democracy. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2011.0041

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.