Measures of Multimorbidity and Morbidity Burden for Use in Primary Care and Community Settings: A Systematic Review and Guide

A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation

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Measuring Health

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Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale

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Health Measurement Scales--A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use

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Online and telephone access to general practice: a cross-sectional patient survey

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Frequent attenders in general practice and immigrant status in Norway: A nationwide cross-sectional study

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Adverse childhood experiences and the development of multimorbidity across adulthood—a national 70-year cohort study

Chandrasekar, R., Lacey, R. E., Chaturvedi, N., Hughes, A. D., Patalay, P., & Khanolkar, A. R. (2023) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afad062 · Cited by 28

Managing medical and psychiatric multimorbidity in older patients

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SARS-CoV-2 Testing and Changes in Primary Care Services in a Multistate Network of Community Health Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Heintzman, J., O'Malley, J. P., Marino, M., Todd, J., Stange, K. C., Huguet, N., & Gold, R. B. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15891 · Cited by 28

Clustering of comorbidities

Chudasama, Y., Khunti, K. K., & Davies, M. J. (2021) · Future Healthcare Journal · doi:10.7861/fhj.2021-0085 · Cited by 28

Multimorbidity and depressive symptoms in older adults and the role of social support: Evidence using Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) data

Zhang, L., Shooshtari, S., John, P. S., & Menec, V. H. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276279 · Cited by 28

Health care utilization and potentially preventable adverse outcomes of high-need, high-cost middle-aged and older adults: Needs for integrated care models with life-course approach

Meng, L., Huang, S., Chen, H., Hashmi, A. Z., Hsiao, F., & Chen, L. (2023) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2023.104956 · Cited by 28

Multimorbidity of chronic non-communicable diseases and its models of care in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

Eyowas, F. A., Schneider, M., Yirdaw, B. A., & Ambaw, F. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033320 · Cited by 27

Association Between Charlson Comorbidity Index and Community-Acquired Pressure Injury in Older Acute Inpatients in a Chinese Tertiary Hospital

Zhang, Z., Yang, H., & Luo, M. (2021) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s338967 · Cited by 27

Impact of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity on mortality among older Australians aged 45 years and over: a large population-based record linkage study

Kabir, A., Tran, A., Ansari, S., Conway, D. P., & Barr, M. L. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060001 · Cited by 27

Effect of hospital case‐manager nurses on the level of dependence, satisfaction and caregiver burden in patients with complex chronic disease

García‐Fernández, F. P., Órpez, M. J. A., Torres, M. D. C. R., Gila‐Selas, C., Carrascosa‐García, I., & Laguna‐Parras, J. M. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.12543 · Cited by 27

ANMCO/ISS/AMD/ANCE/ARCA/FADOI/GICR-IACPR/SICI-GISE/SIBioC/SIC/SICOA/SID/SIF/SIMEU/SIMG/SIMI/SISA Joint Consensus Document on cholesterol and cardiovascular risk: diagnostic–therapeutic pathway in Italy

Gulizia, M. M., Colivicchi, F., Ricciardi, G., Giampaoli, S., Maggioni, A. P., Averna, M. R., Graziani, M. S., Ceriotti, F., Mugelli, A., Rossi, F., et al. (2017) · European Heart Journal Supplements · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/sux029 · Cited by 27

The complexity of patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine wards evaluated by FADOI-COMPLIMED score(s). A hypothetical approach

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Impact of financial burden, resulting from prescription co-payments, on antihypertensive medication adherence in an older publically insured population

Dillon, P., Smith, S. M., Gallagher, P., & Cousins, G. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6209-8 · Cited by 27

Multimorbidity and equity in health

Shadmi, E. (2013) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/1475-9276-12-59 · Cited by 27

Insomnia Impairs Both the Pro-BDNF and the BDNF Levels Similarly to Older Adults with Cognitive Decline: An Exploratory Study

Sánchez‐García, S., Moreno-Tamayo, K. M., Ramírez‐Aldana, R., García‐Peña, C., Medina-Campos, R. H., Torre, P. G. D., & Rivero-Segura, N. A. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24087387 · Cited by 26

Multidomain Engagement and Self-Reported Psychosomatic Symptoms in Middle-Aged Women and Men

Freund, A. M., Knecht, M. K., & Wiese, B. S. (2014) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000358756 · Cited by 26

A patient-centred intervention to improve the management of multimorbidity in general practice: the 3D RCT

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Quality assurance of sphincterotomy: A prospective single-centre survey

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Co-morbidity burden in Parkinson’s disease: Comparison with controls and its influence on prognosis

Macleod, A. D., Goddard, H., & Counsell, C. E. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.05.013 · Cited by 25

The Relationship between Physical-Mental Comorbidity and Subjective Well-Being among Older Adults

Wang, S. Y., & Kim, G. (2019) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1080/07317115.2019.1580810 · Cited by 25

Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Chinese Burden of Treatment Questionnaire (C-TBQ) in primary care patients with multi-morbidity

Chin, W. Y., Wong, C. K. H., Ng, C. C. W., Choi, E. P. H., & Lam, C. L. K. (2019) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmz008 · Cited by 24

Targeting patients for multimorbid care management interventions: the case for equity in high-risk patient identification

Shadmi, E., & Freund, T. (2013) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/1475-9276-12-70 · Cited by 24

Examining the Prevalence and Patterns of Multimorbidity in Canadian Primary Healthcare: A Methodologic Protocol using a National Electronic Medical Record Database

Nicholson, K., Terry, A. L., Fortin, M., Williamson, T. S., Bauer, M., & Thind, A. (2015) · Journal of Comorbidity · doi:10.15256/joc.2015.5.61 · Cited by 24

Complexity in pediatric primary care

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Impact of educational attainment on the association between social class at birth and multimorbidity in middle age in the Aberdeen Children of the 1950s cohort study

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Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in Australian baby boomers: the Busselton healthy ageing study

Hunter, M. L., Knuiman, M. W., Musk, A. W., Hui, J., Murray, K., Beilby, J. P., Hillman, D. R., Hung, J., Newton, R. U., Bucks, R. S., et al. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11578-y · Cited by 23

Multimorbidity measures from health administrative data using ICD system codes: A systematic review

Simard, M., Rahme, E., Calfat, A. C., & Sirois, C. (2021) · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety · doi:10.1002/pds.5368 · Cited by 25

Uncertainty in low back pain care – insights from an ethnographic study

Costa, N., Olson, R. E., Mescouto, K. A., Hodges, P. W., Dillon, M., Evans, K. A., Walsh, K., Jensen, N., & Setchell, J. (2022) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2022.2040615 · Cited by 23

Multimorbidity, Mental Illness, and Quality of Care: Preventable Hospitalizations among Medicare Beneficiaries

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Multiple chronic disorders - health care system’s modern challenge in the Maccabi Health Care System

Arbelle, J. E., Chodick, G., Goldstein, A., & Porath, A. (2014) · Israel Journal of Health Policy Research · doi:10.1186/2045-4015-3-29 · Cited by 23

Multimorbidity, Depressive Symptoms, and Self-Reported Health in Older Adults: a Secondary Analysis of the Sabe Bogota Study

Camargo-Casas, S., Suárez-Monsalve, S., Pérez‐Zepeda, M. U., García‐Peña, C., & Cano, C. A. (2018) · Revista de investigaci�n Cl�nica · doi:10.24875/ric.18002478 · Cited by 23

Panel Workload Assessment in US Primary Care: Accounting for Non-Face-to-Face Panel Management Activities

Arndt, B. G., Tuan, W., White, J., & Schumacher, J. R. M. (2014) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2014.04.130236 · Cited by 22

Measuring multimorbidity in a working population: the effect on incident sickness absence

Ubalde-López, M., Delclos, G. L., Benavides, F. G., Calvo‐Bonacho, E., & Gimeno, D. (2015) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-015-1104-4 · Cited by 22

Physical frailty and decline in general and specific cognitive abilities: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

Galé, C. R., Ritchie, S. J., Starr, J. M., & Deary, I. J. (2019) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2019-213280 · Cited by 22

Association Between Multimorbid Disease Patterns and Pain Outcomes Among a Complex Chronic Care Population in Canada

Ferguson, M. K., Svendrovski, A., & Katz, J. D. (2020) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s269648 · Cited by 21

Self‐efficacy proxy predicts frailty incidence over time in non‐institutionalized older adults

Hladek, M. D., Zhu, J., Buta, B. J., Szanton, S. L., Bandeen‐Roche, K., Walston, J. D., & Xue, Q. (2021) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.17417 · Cited by 21

Performance of Three Measures of Comorbidity in Predicting Critical COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis of 4607 Hospitalized Patients

Monterde, D., Carot-Sans, G., Cainzos‐Achirica, M., Abilleira, S., Coca, M., Vela, E., Clèries, M., Valero-Bover, D., Colet, J. C., García‐Eroles, L., et al. (2021) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s326132 · Cited by 21

Self-Management Interventions in Patients with Long-Term Conditions: A Structured Review of Approaches to Reporting Inclusion, Assessment, and Outcomes in Multimorbidity

Kenning, C., Coventry, P. A., & Bower, P. (2014) · Journal of Comorbidity · doi:10.15256/joc.2014.4.33 · Cited by 21

Complexity in hospital internal medicine departments: what are we talking about?

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Predictors for living at home after geriatric inpatient rehabilitation: A prospective cohort study

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Коморбідність: сучасний погляд на проблему; класифікація (повідомлення перше)

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Sex-related discrepancies in the epidemiology, injury characteristics and outcomes after acute spine trauma: A retrospective cohort study

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Chronic physical comorbidity burden and the quality of depression treatment in primary care: A systematic review

Menear, M., Doré, I., Cloutier, A., Perrier, L., Roberge, P., Duhoux, A., Houle, J., & Fournier, L. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.01.001 · Cited by 20

Multimorbidity in primary care: protocol of a national cross-sectional study in Switzerland

Déruaz‐Luyet, A., N’Goran, A. A., Tandjung, R., Frey, P., Zeller, A., Haller, D. M., Rosemann, T. J., Burnand, B., Bodenmann, P., Senn, N., et al. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009165 · Cited by 20

A novel superior medication-based chronic disease score predicted all-cause mortality in independent geriatric cohorts

Quinzler, R., Freitag, M., Wiese, B., Beyer, M., Brenner, H., Dahlhaus, A., Döring, A., Freund, T., Heier, M., Knopf, H. C., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.09.004 · Cited by 20

Assessment of Comorbidity and Use of Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs in Patients Above 65 Years Attending Family Medicine Outpatient Clinics

Kurt, M., Akdeniz, M., & Kavukçu, E. (2019) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1177/2333721419874274 · Cited by 20

Development and validation of a population-based risk stratification model for severe COVID-19 in the general population

Vela, E., Carot-Sans, G., Clèries, M., Monterde, D., Acebes, X., Comella, A., García‐Eroles, L., Coca, M., Valero-Bover, D., Sust, P. P., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07138-y · Cited by 22

High Coping Self-Efficacy Associated With Lower Sweat Inflammatory Cytokines in Adults: A Pilot Study

Hladek, M. D., Gill, J., Lai, C., Lorig, K. R., & Szanton, S. L. (2019) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/1099800419870607 · Cited by 19

The problem of multimorbidity in a modern therapeutic clinic

Sevostyanova, E. V., Nikolaev, Y. A., & Polyakov, V. Y. (2022) · Bulletin of Siberian Medicine · doi:10.20538/1682-0363-2022-1-162-170 · Cited by 19

Development and validation of novel multimorbidity indices for older adults

Steinman, M. A., Jing, B., Shah, S. J., Rizzo, A., Lee, S. J., Covinsky, K. E., Ritchie, C. S., & Boscardin, W. J. (2022) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.18052 · Cited by 21

A Population-Based Study Evaluating Family Physicians' HIV Experience and Care of People Living With HIV in Ontario

Kendall, C., Manuel, D. G., Younger, J., Hogg, W. E., Glazier, R. H., & Taljaard, M. (2015) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.1822 · Cited by 18

Mortality Risk of Antipsychotic Dose and Duration in Nursing Home Residents with Chronic or Acute Indications

Simoni‐Wastila, L., Wei, Y. J., Lucas, J. A., Brandt, N., Moyo, P., HUANG, T.-Y. J., Franey, C. S., & Harris, I. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14111 · Cited by 18

The association between visiting a primary care provider and uptake of periodic mammograms as women get older

Sutradhar, R., Gu, S., Glazier, R., & Lf, P. (2015) · Journal of Medical Screening · doi:10.1177/0969141315600004 · Cited by 18

Self-reported reactogenicity of CoronaVac (Sinovac) compared with Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech): A prospective cohort study with intensive monitoring

Lai, F. T. T., Leung, M. T. Y., Chan, E. W. W., Huang, L., Lau, L. K. W., Peng, K., Leung, J. C. N., Fan, M., Chen, K., Lum, D. H., et al. (2022) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.062 · Cited by 17

Vertical integration of general practices with acute hospitals in England: rapid impact evaluation

Sidhu, M. S., Saunders, C. L., Davies, C., McKenna, G., Wu, F. M., Litchfield, I. J., Olumogba, F., & Sussex, J. (2023) · Health and Social Care Delivery Research · doi:10.3310/prwq4012 · Cited by 17

Chronic Disease Patterns and Their Relationship With Health-Related Quality of Life in South Korean Older Adults With the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Latent Class Analysis

Lee, M., & Lee, H. (2024) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/49433 · Cited by 17

External validation of the Vulnerable Elder’s Survey for predicting mortality and emergency admission in older community-dwelling people: a prospective cohort study

Wallace, E., McDowell, R. D., Bennett, K., Fahey, T. P., & Smith, S. M. (2017) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0460-1 · Cited by 17

Prevalence and factors associated with adherence to anti-hypertensives among adults with hypertension in a developed Asian community: A cross-sectional study

Kang, G. C.-Y., Koh, Y. L. E., & Tan, N. C. (2020) · Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare · doi:10.1177/2010105820933305 · Cited by 17

Longitudinal patterns of comorbidity between anxiety, depression and binge eating symptoms among patients with obesity: A path analysis

Duarte-Guerra, L. S., Kortchmar, E., Maraviglia, E. C. S., Costa, T. D. S., Lasmar, C. M., Morin, R. M. R., Grossi, I. O., Villares, J. F., Cremonesi, M. C., Watanuki, H. M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.030 · Cited by 17

Comorbidity burden assessment in older people admitted to a Portuguese University Hospital

Dias, A., Lopes, F., Miranda, A., Alves, M., Narciso, M. R., Mieiro, L., Fonseca, T., & Gorjão-Clara, J. P. (2014) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-014-0280-5 · Cited by 17

Risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture among community-dwelling older adults: a real-world evidence study

Azevedo, D. C., Hoff, L. S., Kowalski, S. C., de Andrade, C. A. F., Trevisani, V. F. M., & de Melo, A. K. G. (2024) · Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia · doi:10.1186/s42358-024-00350-6 · Cited by 16

Relationships between non-communicable disease, social isolation and frailty in community dwelling adults in later life: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Bevilacqua, G., Jameson, K. A., Zhang, J., Bloom, I., Fuggle, N. R., Patel, H. P., Ward, K. A., Cooper, C. C., & Dennison, E. M. (2021) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-021-02026-3 · Cited by 18

Cohort Profile: Extended Cohort for E-health, Environment and DNA (EXCEED)

John, C., Reeve, N. F., Free, R. C., Williams, A. T., Ntalla, I., Farmaki, A., Bethea, J., Barton, L. M., Shrine, N. R. G., Batini, C., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyz073 · Cited by 16

Multimorbidity in Finnish and Swedish speaking Finns; association with daily habits and socioeconomic status – Nordic EpiLung cross-sectional study

Andersén, H., Kankaanranta, H., Tuomisto, L. E., Piirilä, P. L., Sovijärvi, A. R. A., Langhammer, A., Bäckman, H., Lundbäck, B., Rönmark, E., Lehtimäki, L. A., et al. (2021) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101338 · Cited by 16

Toward a More Cogent Approach to the Challenges of Multimorbidity

Goodman, R. A., Parekh, A. K., & Koh, H. K. (2012) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.1391 · Cited by 16

20-year trends in multimorbidity by race/ethnicity among hospitalized patient populations in the United States

MOHAMUD, M., Campbell, D. J. T., Wick, J., Leung, A. A. C., Fabreau, G. E., Tonelli, M. A., & Ronksley, P. E. (2023) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-023-01950-2 · Cited by 15

Overcoming cut-off restrictions in multimorbidity prevalence estimates

Holzer, B. M., Siebenhuener, K., Bopp, M., & Minder, C. E. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-780 · Cited by 15

Key aspects related to implementation of risk stratification in health care systems-the ASSEHS study

all ASSEHS group, Mora, J., Iturralde, M. D., Prieto, L., Domingo, C., Gagnon, M., Martínez-Carazo, C., March, A. G., Massari, D. D., Martí, T., et al. (2017) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2275-3 · Cited by 15

Self-rated health and multimorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes

Umeh, K. F. (2021) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053211001419 · Cited by 16

Primary Care Physician Recognition and Documentation of Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese and Latinx Patients During Routine Visits: A Cross-Sectional Study

Garcia, M. E., Hinton, L., Gregorich, S. E., Livaudais‐Toman, J., Kaplan, C. P., Feldman, M. D., & Karliner, L. (2021) · Health Equity · doi:10.1089/heq.2020.0104 · Cited by 15

Predicting anxiety in cancer survivors presenting to primary care – A machine learning approach accounting for physical comorbidity

Haun, M. W., Simon, L., Sklenarova, H., Zimmermann‐Schlegel, V., Friederich, H., & Hartmann, M. (2021) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.4048 · Cited by 15

Magnitude, pattern and correlates of multimorbidity among patients attending chronic outpatient medical care in Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia: The application of latent class analysis model

Eyowas, F. A., Schneider, M., Alemu, S., Pati, S., & Ambaw, F. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267208 · Cited by 15

Prevalence of Multimorbidity in the Middle East: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Singh, K., Alomari, A. M. A., & Lenjawi, B. A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192416502 · Cited by 15

Physical and Psychological Comorbidity Independently Associated With Spine-Related Disability

Mancuso, C. A., Stal, M., Duculan, R., & Girardi, F. P. (2014) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000000569 · Cited by 15

Cross-sectional examination of musculoskeletal conditions and multimorbidity: influence of different thresholds and definitions on prevalence and association estimates

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Measuring multimorbidity series—an overlooked complexity comparison of self-report vs. administrative data in community-living adults: paper 2. Prevalence estimates depend on the data source

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