Post-embryonic nerve-associated precursors to adult pigment cells: genetic requirements and dynamics of morphogenesis and differentiation
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The pigment cells of vertebrates serve a variety of functions and generate a stunning variety of patterns. These cells are also implicated in human pathologies including melanoma. Whereas the events of pigment cell development have been studied extensively in the embryo, much less is known about morphogenesis and differentiation of these cells during post-embryonic stages. Previous studies of zebrafish revealed genetically distinct populations of embryonic and adult melanophores, the ectotherm homologue of amniote melanocytes. Here, we use molecular markers, vital labeling, time-lapse imaging, mutational analyses, and transgenesis to identify peripheral nerves as a niche for precursors to adult melanophores that subsequently migrate to the skin to form the adult pigment pattern. We further identify genetic requirements for establishing, maintaining, and recruiting precursors to the adult melanophore lineage and demonstrate novel compensatory behaviors during pattern regulation in mutant backgrounds. Finally, we show that distinct populations of latent precursors having differential regenerative capabilities persist into the adult. These findings provide a foundation for future studies of post-embryonic pigment cell precursors in development, evolution, and neoplasia.
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Multipotent progenitors that give rise to adult melanophores, some xanthophores, and iridophores are established in the embryo and reside within peripheral nerves as development progresses.
“Multipotent progenitors that give rise to adult melanophores, some xanthophores, and iridophores are established in the embryo and reside within peripheral nerves as development progresses (Budi et al., 2011; Budi et al., 2008; Camargo-Sosa et al., 2019; Dooley et al., 2013a; Singh et al., 2016).”
From Thyroid hormone regulates distinct paths to maturation in pigment cell lineages (2019) · cites this paper as Budi et al., 2011
The Discussion (page unavailable) describes embryonically established precursors to adult melanophores and iridophores that subsequently associate with peripheral nerves and ganglia. It does not include xanthophores among their descendants; the Figure 12 discussion instead says metamorphic xanthophores presumably arise from a different precursor population. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMelanoblasts derived from peripheral-nerve associated progenitors are proliferative during adult pigment pattern formation, but this activity largely ceases as the cells differentiate.
“Melanoblasts derived from peripheral-nerve associated progenitors are proliferative during adult pigment pattern formation yet this activity largely ceases as the cells differentiate (Budi et al., 2011; McMenamin et al., 2014).”
From Thyroid hormone regulates distinct paths to maturation in pigment cell lineages (2019) · cites this paper as Budi et al., 2011
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Mechanisms of hair graying: incomplete melanocyte stem cell maintenance in the niche
Nishimura, E. K., Granter, S. R., & Fisher, D. E. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099593 · Cited by 750 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Budi, E. H., Patterson, L. B., & Parichy, D. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Budi, Erine H.
- Patterson, Larissa B.
- Parichy, David M.
- Venue
- PLoS Genetics
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-05-19
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e1002044
- ISSN
- 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7404
- PMC
- PMC3098192
- OpenAlex
- W2042642964
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM062182)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007183)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- melanophores, melanocyte precursors, postembryonic development, peripheral nerves, neural crest, pigment pattern formation, melanocyte migration, melanocyte differentiation, compensatory behavior, melanoma, zebrafish
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Larva, Melanophores, Neurons, Pigmentation, Zebrafish, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Lineage, Receptor, ErbB-3, Cell Shape
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