The Rheb GTPase promotes pheromone blindness via a TORC1-independent pathway in the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis
Open accessAbstract
The target of the rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway plays a negative role in controlling virulence in phytopathogenic fungi. However, the actual targets involved in virulence are currently unknown. Using the corn smut fungus Ustilago maydis , we tried to address the effects of the ectopic activation of TOR on virulence. We obtained gain-of-function mutations in the Rheb GTPase, one of the conserved TOR kinase regulators. We have found that unscheduled activation of Rheb resulted in the alteration of the proper localization of the pheromone receptor, Pra1, and thereby pheromone insensitivity. Since pheromone signaling triggers virulence in Ustilaginales, we believe that the Rheb-induced pheromone blindness was responsible for the associated lack of virulence. Strikingly, although these effects required the concourse of the Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase and the Art3 α-arrestin, the TOR kinase was not involved. Several eukaryotic organisms have shown that Rheb transmits environmental information through TOR-dependent and -independent pathways. Therefore, our results expand the range of signaling manners at which environmental conditions could impinge on the virulence of phytopathogenic fungi.
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Initial efforts to enhance conformational sampling have involved altering the number of sequences used to generate shallower MSA representations, masking coevolutionary information from MSAs, and splitting conflicting coevolutionary signals by clustering MSAs.
“Initial efforts to enhance sampling of different conformations have involved altering the number of sequences used to generate shallower MSA representations, masking coevolutionary information provided by MSAs, and splitting conflicting coevolutionary signals by clustering MSAs46,47,105.”
From The power and pitfalls of AlphaFold2 for structure prediction beyond rigid globular proteins (2024) · cites this paper as [105]
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- Authors
- de la Torre, A., & Pérez-Martín, J.
- ORCID
- Pérez-Martín, José
- Venue
- PLOS Genetics
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2022-11-14
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e1010483
- ISSN
- 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7404
- PMC
- PMC9704768
- OpenAlex
- W4308951991
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 100
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- 2026: 3 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 0.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- new_version (2022-11-28)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2020-120242GB-I00)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- TOR signaling, pheromone signaling, fungal virulence, Ustilago maydis, Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase, plant pathogenic fungi, corn smut, gain-of-function mutations
- MeSH terms
- Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain Protein, Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1, Basidiomycota, Blindness, Zea mays, Fungal Proteins, Fungi, Pheromones, Ustilago
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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