The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The GRADE System for Rating Clinical Guidelines
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“The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to rate the quality of the body of evidence presented in this meta-analysis (27).”
From Optimal Dose and Type of Physical Activity to Improve Glycemic Control in People Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [27]
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Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
Rivers, E., Nguyen, B., Havstad, S., Ressler, J., Muzzin, A., Knoblich, B., Peterson, E., & Tomlanovich, M. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa010307 · Cited by 10,743 · cited 1×
“, on the basis of the protocol of a commonly cited single-centre study”
BackgroundIntensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients.
Van den Berghe, G., Wouters, P., Weekers, F., Verwaest, C., Bruyninckx, F., Schetz, M., Vlasselaers, D., Ferdinande, P., Lauwers, P., & Bouillon, R. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011300 · Cited by 9,977 · cited 1×
“. No evidence exists for moderate glucose control in this context, whereas the value of tight control was supported by one single-centre randomized controlled trial (RCT)”
BackgroundGrading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
(2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1490 · Cited by 8,477 · cited 5×
“Given also that the GRADE criteria are conveyed as ‘‘explicit and clear’’ [6], there should be little need for intensive methodological consultation from the GRADE group when experts produce guidelines.”
BackgroundInfluentialDellinger, R. P., Levy, M. M., Carlet, J. M., Bion, J., Parker, M. M., Jaeschke, R., Reinhart, K., Angus, D. C., Brun‐Buisson, C., Beale, R. J., et al. (2007) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0934-2 · Cited by 6,789
Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients
(2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0810625 · Cited by 5,119 · cited 1×
“14) [24].”
Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU
Van den Berghe, G., Wilmer, A., Hermans, G., Meersseman, W., Wouters, P. J., Milants, I., Van Wijngaerden, E., Bobbaers, H., & Bouillon, R. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa052521 · Cited by 3,639 · cited 2×
“, intensive insulin therapy) in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients [18–21].”
BackgroundResultSurviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock
Dellinger, R. P., Carlet, J. M., Masur, H., Gerlach, H., Calandra, T., Cohen, J., Gea‐Banacloche, J., Keh, D., Marshall, J. C., Parker, M. M., et al. (2004) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-004-2210-z · Cited by 3,309
What is ‘quality of evidence’ and why is it important to clinicians?
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Vist, G. E., Falck-Ytter, Y., & Schünemann, H. J. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39490.551019.be · Cited by 3,250
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature
Guyatt, G. H. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.270.17.2096 · Cited by 3,083
Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock
Dellinger, R. P., Carlet, J. M., Masur, H., Gerlach, H., Calandra, T., Cohen, J., Gea‐Banacloche, J., Keh, D., Marshall, J. C., Parker, M. M., et al. (2004) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000117317.18092.e4 · Cited by 3,038 · cited 4×
“In 2004 the SSC guidelines recommended that for serious sepsis, intravenous antibiotic therapy should be rapidly instituted [10]; this guideline was given a grade ‘‘E.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIntensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis
Brunkhorst, F. M., Engel, C., Bloos, F., Meier-Hellmann, A., Ragaller, M., Weiler, N., Moerer, O., Gruendling, M., Oppert, M., Grond, S., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa070716 · Cited by 2,921 · cited 2×
“Yet the senior author of that report [18], Konrad Reinhart, is a coauthor of the SSC guidelines that gave a grade 1 ranking (strong recommendation) for ‘‘moderate’’ glucose control and a grade 2 endorsement (a suggestion) for ‘‘tight’’ glucose control [11].”
Background(2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa032193 · Cited by 2,565 · cited 1×
“The results of three randomized controlled trials examining the effect of PEEP in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [54–56] were made available before the 2008 SSC conference [11].”
BackgroundDellinger, R. P. (2004) · Critical Care Medicine · Cited by 1,848
Eagle, K. A., Berger, P. B., Calkins, H. G., CHAITMAN, B. R., Ewy, G. A., Fleischmann, K. E., Fleisher, L. A., Froehlich, J. B., Gusberg, R. J., Leppo, J. A., et al. (2002) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01788-0 · Cited by 1,674
ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery
Fleisher, L. A., Beckman, J. A., Brown, K. A., Calkins, H. G., Chaikof, E. L., Fleischmann, K. E., Freeman, W. K., Froehlich, J. B., Kasper, E. K., Kersten, J. R., et al. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.003 · Cited by 1,421
Meade, M. O., Cook, D. J., Guyatt, G. H., Slutsky, A. S., Arabi, Y. M., Cooper, D. J., Davies, A. R., Hand, L. E., Zhou, Q., Thabane, L., et al. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.6.637 · Cited by 1,370 · cited 1×
“The results of three randomized controlled trials examining the effect of PEEP in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [54–56] were made available before the 2008 SSC conference [11].”
BackgroundRules of Evidence and Clinical Recommendations on the Use of Antithrombotic Agents
Sackett, D. L. (1989) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.95.2_supplement.2s · Cited by 1,369 · cited 1×
“’’ The grading system that was in use in 2004 was adopted from Sackett’s 1989 description [3]: in both cases an ‘‘E’’ grade corresponded to a recommendation that was supported by so-called level IV or V evidence (nonrandomized, historical controls, uncontrolled studies, expert opinion)—the lowest levels possible [10].”
MethodMercat, A., Richard, J.-C. M., Vielle, B., Jaber, S., Osman, D., Diehl, J.-L., Lefrant, J.-Y., Prat, G., Richecoeur, J., Nieszkowska, A., et al. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.6.646 · Cited by 1,344
Atkins, D., Eccles, M., Flottorp, S., Guyatt, G. H., Henry, D., Hill, S., Liberati, A., O'Connell, D., Oxman, A. D., Phillips, B., et al. (2004) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-4-38 · Cited by 1,235 · cited 2×
“Atkins and colleagues, from the GRADE Working Group, compared six different systems (Box 2) [9].”
BackgroundGrading Strength of Recommendations and Quality of Evidence in Clinical Guidelines
Guyatt, G., Gutterman, D., Baumann, M. H., Addrizzo-Harris, D., Hylek, E. M., Phillips, B., Raskob, G., Lewis, S. Z., & Schünemann, H. (2006) · Chest · doi:10.1378/chest.129.1.174 · Cited by 1,220 · cited 1×
“The GRADE documents suggested that strong recommendations should require little debate and would be implemented in most circumstances [7,29].”
BackgroundA comparison of aprotinin and lysine analogues in high-risk cardiac surgery.
Fergusson, D., Hébert, P. C., Mazer, C., Fremes, S., MacAdams, C., Murkin, J., Teoh, K., Duke, P., Arellano, R., Blajchman, M., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802395 · Cited by 1,117 · cited 2×
“But assuming that the subsequent RCTs were appropriately conducted [5,35], the original high-level recommendations were clearly misguided [4,33– 34].”
BackgroundFerraris, V. A., Ferraris, S. P., Saha, S. P., Hessel, E. A., Haan, C. K., Royston, B., Bridges, C. R., Higgins, R. S. D., Despotis, G. J., Brown, J. R., et al. (2007) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.02.099 · Cited by 957 · cited 2×
“High-level recommendations using other grading systems strongly advocated use of beta-blockade (class I, IIa) [33–34] and aprotinin (class 1a) [4] in specific surgical populations.”
BackgroundQuality of Care, Process, and Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Pneumonia
Meehan, T. P. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03550230056037 · Cited by 916 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultPreiser, J.-C., Devos, P., Ruiz-Santana, S., Mélot, C., Annane, D., Groeneveld, J., Iapichino, G., Leverve, X., Nitenberg, G., Singer, P., et al. (2009) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-009-1585-2 · Cited by 911
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: IX. A Method for Grading Health Care Recommendations
Guyatt, G. H. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03530220066035 · Cited by 846 · cited 2×
“Systems for Grading Evidence and Issuing Guidelines Based on the Evidence Atkins and colleagues compared the following six systems [6]: N The American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Guidelines (http:// www.chestnet.org/education/hsp/guidelinesProducts.php) N Australian National Health and Medical Research…”
MethodHouck, P. M., Bratzler, D. W., Nsa, W., Ma, A., & Bartlett, J. G. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.6.637 · Cited by 798 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultLodise, T. P., McKinnon, P. S., Swiderski, L., & Rybak, M. J. (2003) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/375057 · Cited by 604 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultGandhi, G. Y., Nuttall, G. A., Abel, M., Mullany, C. J., Schaff, H. V., O’Brien, P. C., Johnson, M. G., Williams, A. R., Cutshall, S. M., Mundy, L. M., et al. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00002 · Cited by 603 · cited 2×
“, intensive insulin therapy) in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients [18–21].”
BackgroundResultACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery
Fleisher, L. A., Beckman, J. A., Brown, K. A., Calkins, H. G., Chaikof, E. L., Fleischmann, K. E., Freeman, W. K., Froehlich, J. B., Kasper, E. K., Kersten, J. R., et al. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.185699 · Cited by 597
Schünemann, H. J., Jaeschke, R., Cook, D. J., Bria, W. F., El-Solh, A. A., Ernst, A., Fahy, B. F., Gould, M. K., Horan, K. L., Krishnan, J. A., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200602-197st · Cited by 577 · cited 6×
“adopted as a policy by regulatory bodies [7].”
BackgroundInfluentialKang, C., Kim, S., Kim, H. B., Park, S., Choe, Y., Oh, M., Kim, E.-C., & Choe, K. W. (2003) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/377200 · Cited by 566 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultThe Periodic Health Examination
Frappier-Davignon, L. (1934) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm193401252100413 · Cited by 488
Proulx, N., Frechette, D., Toye, B., Chan, J., & Kravcik, S. (2005) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hci047 · Cited by 454 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultNational estimates of severe sepsis in United States emergency departments
Wang, H. E., Shapiro, N. I., Angus, D. C., & Yealy, D. M. (2007) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000277043.85378.c1 · Cited by 423 · cited 1×
“First, sepsis encompasses all medical and surgical specialties, accounts for over 500,000 emergency visits per year in North America alone [12], and when accompanied by shock has a mortality of over 50% [13].”
BackgroundEagle, K. A., Berger, P. B., Calkins, H. G., CHAITMAN, B. R., Ewy, G. A., Fleischmann, K. E., Fleisher, L. A., Froehlich, J. B., Gusberg, R. J., Leppo, J. A., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circ.105.10.1257 · Cited by 417
Atkins, D. C., Briss, P. A., Eccles, M., Flottorp, S. A., Guyatt, G. H., Harbour, R., Hill, S. R., Jaeschke, R., Liberati, A., Magrini, N., et al. (2005) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-5-25 · Cited by 331
Swiglo, B. A., Murad, M. H., Schünemann, H. J., Kunz, R., Vigersky, R. A., Guyatt, G. H., & Montori, V. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1907 · Cited by 302
Letters, numbers, symbols and words: how to communicate grades of evidence and recommendations.
Schünemann, H. J., Best, D., Vist, G. E., & Oxman, A. D. (2003) · PubMed Central · Cited by 289
Improved survival of critically ill cancer patients with septic shock
Larché, J., Azoulay, É., Fieux, F., Mesnard, L., Moreau, D., Thiéry, G., Darmon, M., Gall, J. L., & Schlemmer, B. (2003) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-003-1957-y · Cited by 287 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultThe periodic health examination. Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination.
(1979) · PubMed Central · Cited by 281
Clinical Recommendations Using Levels of Evidence for Antithrombotic Agents
Cook, D. J., Guyatt, G. H., Laupacis, A., Sackett, D. L., & Goldberg, R. J. (1995) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.108.4_supplement.227s · Cited by 275 · cited 1×
“proposed in publications from McMaster University [1–3], with the idea of categorizing individual studies into grades of”
BackgroundNational Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
(2008) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns2008.08.22.50.30.p4587 · Cited by 260
NATIONAL GUIDELINE CLEARINGHOUSE
STOKOWSKI, L. A. (2005) · Advances in Neonatal Care · doi:10.1016/j.adnc.2005.07.009 · Cited by 237
Kumar, A., Haery, C., Paladugu, B. P., Kumar, A., Symeoneides, S., Taiberg, L., Osman, J., Trenholme, G. M., Opal, S. M., Goldfarb, R. D., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/498909 · Cited by 222
Surviving Sepsis — Practice Guidelines, Marketing Campaigns, and Eli Lilly
Eichacker, P. Q., Natanson, C., & Danner, R. L. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp068197 · Cited by 213 · cited 1×
“I focus only on grading (Boxes 3 and 4), not on the controversies surrounding the SSC [15], and I do not express support for—or criticism of—any of its recommendations.”
BackgroundMiner, J. R., Heegaard, W. G., Mapes, A., & Biros, M. H. (2001) · Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0736-4679(01)00407-3 · Cited by 153 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultAn emerging consensus on grading recommendations?
Guyatt, G. H. (2006) · BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine · doi:10.1136/ebm.11.1.2-a · Cited by 148 · cited 1×
“The basis for the GRADE system is articulated in several publications [6– 7,9,16,29–31], but none contains supportive data, proof, or logical argument for the system.”
BackgroundGacouin, A., Tulzo, Y. L., Lavoué, S., Camus, C., Hoff, J., Bassen, R., Arvieux, C., Heurtin, C., & Thomas, R. (2002) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-002-1304-8 · Cited by 136 · cited 1×
“Three studies published between 2004 and 2008 (none of them randomized controlled trials) supported the idea that early antibiotics reduced mortality in sepsis [45–47], exactly the same conclusions reached by at least six others published before 2004 [48–53].”
ResultAn emerging consensus on grading recommendations?
Gordon Guyatt, M., Gunn Vist, P., Yngve Falck-Ytter, M., Regina Kunz, M., Nicola Magrini, M., & Holger Schunemann, M. (2006) · ACP Journal Club · doi:10.7326/acpjc-2006-144-1-a08 · Cited by 79
Intensive Insulin Therapy in Postoperative Intensive Care Unit Patients
Egi, M., Bellomo, R., Stachowski, E., French, C., Hart, G. K., Stow, P. J., Li, W., & Bates, S. (2005) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200506-961oc · Cited by 64 · cited 1×
“, intensive insulin therapy) in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients [18–21].”
BackgroundIatrogenic illness: a call for decision support tools to reduce unnecessary variation
Morris, A. H. (2004) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/qshc.2002.003871 · Cited by 47
Transforming Clinical Practice Guidelines Into Legislative Mandates
Jacobson, P. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2007.12 · Cited by 45 · cited 1×
“about proposals to convert guidelines into law [43–44].”
BackgroundOvalle, F. (2010) · Yearbook of Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0084-3741(10)79602-5 · Cited by 26
Clermont, G., Angus, D. C., Kalassian, K. G., Linde‐Zwirble, W. T., Ramakrishnan, N., Linden, P. K., & Pinsky, M. R. (2003) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000094233.35059.81 · Cited by 19 · cited 1×
“First, sepsis encompasses all medical and surgical specialties, accounts for over 500,000 emergency visits per year in North America alone [12], and when accompanied by shock has a mortality of over 50% [13].”
BackgroundClinical practice guidelines: Culture eats strategy for breakfast, lunch, and dinner*
Fein, I. A., & Corrato, R. R. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31816a1260 · Cited by 15 · cited 1×
“about proposals to convert guidelines into law [43–44].”
BackgroundThe Highs and Lows of Intensive Insulin Therapy
Fowler, R., & Annane, D. (2006) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.2510006 · Cited by 14 · cited 1×
“First, glucose control in the critically ill is a complex issue [17].”
BackgroundFlanagan, P. A. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 12
Dellinger, R. P., Levy, M. M., Carlet, J. M., Bion, J., Parker, M. M., Jaeschke, R., Reinhart, K., Angus, D. C., Brun-Buisson, C., Beale, R., et al. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000298158.12101.41 · Cited by 9
New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice
Wadman, M. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0308-226a · Cited by 3
(2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0308-223 · Cited by 1
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Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust
Board on Health Care Services (2011) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/13058 · Cited by 3,146
Association of the Extent of Resection With Survival in Glioblastoma
Brown, T. J., Brennan, M., Li, M. J., Church, E. W., Brandmeir, N. J., Rakszawski, K. L., Patel, A. S., Rizk, E., Suki, D., Sawaya, R. A., et al. (2016) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1373 · Cited by 1,138
Guidelines International Network: Toward International Standards for Clinical Practice Guidelines
Qaseem, A., Forland, F., Macbeth, F., Ollenschläger, G., Phillips, S., van der Wees, P., & for the Board of Trustees of the Guidelines International Network* (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00009 · Cited by 902
“Clear identification of the quality of evidence helps, and strength of clinical recommendations increases the trustworthiness and improves the implementation of clinical guidelines (32, 43, 76).”
BackgroundGuiding Principles for the Care of Older Adults with Multimorbidity: An Approach for Clinicians
American Geriatrics Society Expert Panel on the Care of Older Adults with Multimorbidity (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04188.x · Cited by 681
Non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis: comparison of ESCEO and OARSI 2019 guidelines
Arden, N., Perry, T. A., Bannuru, R. R., Bruyère, O., Cooper, C. C., Haugen, I. K., Hochberg, M. C., McAlindon, T. E., Mobasheri, A., & Reginster, J. (2020) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-020-00523-9 · Cited by 598
Metadata
- Authors
- Kavanagh, B. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kavanagh, Brian P.
- Venue
- PLoS Medicine
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2009-09-15
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e1000094
- ISSN
- 1549-1277 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-1676
- PMC
- PMC2735782
- OpenAlex
- W1991363364
- Cited by
- 246
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 9.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- World Health Organization
- University of Pennsylvania
- Society of Thoracic Surgeons
- European Respiratory Society
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
- Socialstyrelsen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Keywords
- GRADE system, guideline quality assessment, evidence-based medicine, health policy
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Respiration, Artificial, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Sepsis, Evidence-Based Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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