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Cited by 116Medicinal Plant Extracts EffectsComplementary and Alternative Medicine StudiesPhytochemicals and Medicinal Plants

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Naturopathic Care for Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial ISRCTN78958974

Open access
Cooley, Kieran, Szczurko, Orest, Perri, Dan, Mills, Edward J., Bernhardt, Bob, Zhou, Qi, Seely, Dugald·2009·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628PMC PMC2729375
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a serious personal health condition and represents a substantial burden to overall quality of life. Additionally anxiety disorders represent a significant cost to the health care system as well as employers through benefits coverage and days missed due to incapacity. This study sought to explore the effectiveness of naturopathic care on anxiety symptoms using a randomized trial. METHODS: Employees with moderate to severe anxiety of longer than 6 weeks duration were randomized based on age and gender to receive naturopathic care (NC) (n = 41) or standardized psychotherapy intervention (PT) (n = 40) over a period of 12 weeks. Blinding of investigators and participants during randomization and allocation was maintained. Participants in the NC group received dietary counseling, deep breathing relaxation techniques, a standard multi-vitamin, and the herbal medicine, ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) (300 mg b.i.d. standardized to 1.5% with anolides, prepared from root). The PT intervention received psychotherapy, and matched deep breathing relaxation techniques, and placebo. The primary outcome measure was the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and secondary outcome measures included the Short Form 36 (SF-36), Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI), and Measure Yourself Medical Outcomes Profile (MY-MOP) to measure anxiety, mental health, and quality of life respectively. Participants were blinded to the placebo-controlled intervention. RESULTS: Seventy-five participants (93%) were followed for 8 or more weeks on the trial. Final BAI scores decreased by 56.5% (p<0.0001) in the NC group and 30.5% (p<0.0001) in the PT group. BAI group scores were significantly decreased in the NC group compared to PT group (p = 0.003). Significant differences between groups were also observed in mental health, concentration, fatigue, social functioning, vitality, and overall quality of life with the NC group exhibiting greater clinical benefit. No serious adverse reactions were observed in either group. RELEVANCE: Many patients seek alternatives and/or complementary care to conventional anxiety treatments. To date, no study has evaluated the potential of a naturopathic treatment protocol to effectively treat anxiety. Knowledge of the efficacy, safety or risk of natural health products, and naturopathic treatments is important for physicians and the public in order to make informed decisions. INTERPRETATION: Both NC and PT led to significant improvements in patients' anxiety. Group comparison demonstrated a significant decrease in anxiety levels in the NC group over the PT group. Significant improvements in secondary quality of life measures were also observed in the NC group as compared to PT. The whole system of naturopathic care for anxiety needs to be investigated further including a closer examination of the individual components within the context of their additive effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN78958974.

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Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628

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Figure 1 Flowchart of participants through trial.
Figure 1 Flowchart of participants through trial.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Beck Anxiety Inventory results.
Figure 2 Beck Anxiety Inventory results.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 MYMOP – Symptom 1 results.
Figure 3 MYMOP – Symptom 1 results.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 MYMOP – Symptom 2 results.
Figure 4 MYMOP – Symptom 2 results.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. J Alonso, 2007, Overview of Key Data From the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD)., J Clin Psychiatry, 68, 3
  2. MH Pittler, 2003, Kava extract for treating anxiety., Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD003383

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Metadata

Authors
Cooley, K., Szczurko, O., Perri, D., Mills, E. J., Bernhardt, B., Zhou, Q., & Seely, D.
Affiliations
  • Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine (CA)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • McMaster University (CA)
Corresponding author
Cooley, Kieran
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2009-08-31
Volume
4
Issue
8
Pages
e6628
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0006628
PMC
PMC2729375
OpenAlex
W2145829782
Cited by
114
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
FWCI
10.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Keywords
Withania somnifera, herbal medicine, nutrition counseling, deep breathing relaxation, psychotherapy, quality of life, mental health, fatigue, occupational health, complementary and alternative medicine, Beck Anxiety Inventory, SF-36, natural health products, employee mental health
MeSH terms
Adult, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Naturopathy, Placebos, Plant Extracts, Psychotherapy, Withania

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