CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 308Mental Health Treatment and AccessTreatment of Major DepressionHealth and Well-being Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Prevalence of Depression in a Large Urban South Indian Population — The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (Cures – 70)

Open access
Poongothai, Subramani, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Ganesan, Anbhazhagan, Mohan, Viswanathan·2009·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0007185PMC PMC2748692
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In India there are very few population based data on prevalence of depression. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of depression in an urban south Indian population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Subjects were recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), involving 26,001 subjects randomly recruited from 46 of the 155 corporation wards of Chennai (formerly Madras) city in South India. 25,455 subjects participated in this study (response rate 97.9%). Depression was assessed using a self-reported and previously validated instrument, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) - 12. Age adjustment was made according to the 2001 census of India. The overall prevalence of depression was 15.1% (age-adjusted, 15.9%) and was higher in females (females 16.3% vs. males 13.9%, p<0.0001). The odds ratio (OR) for depression in female subjects was 1.20 [Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.12-1.28, p<0.001] compared to male subjects. Depressed mood was the most common symptom (30.8%), followed by tiredness (30.0%) while more severe symptoms such as suicidal thoughts (12.4%) and speech and motor retardation (12.4%) were less common. There was an increasing trend in the prevalence of depression with age among both female (p<0.001) and male subjects (p<0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher in the low income group (19.3%) compared to the higher income group (5.9%, p<0.001). Prevalence of depression was also higher among divorced (26.5%) and widowed (20%) compared to currently married subjects (15.4%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest population-based study from India to report on prevalence of depression and shows that among urban south Indians, the prevalence of depression was 15.1%. Age, female gender and lower socio-economic status are some of the factors associated with depression in this population.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0007185

Cites

49 of 49 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Gender and age-wise prevalence of depression in Chennai.
Figure 1 Gender and age-wise prevalence of depression in Chennai.CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 49 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. A Gadit, 1998, Mental Health Morbidity: An experience in a community psychiatric clinic., J Coll Phys Surg Pk, 8, 262
  2. RM Parikh, 2001, Depression in college students in Bombay. Program and abstracts of the American Psychiatric Association 2001 Annual Meeting; May 5-10, New Orleans, Louisiana., Symposium, 70

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 305

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Poongothai, S., Pradeepa, R., Ganesan, A., & Mohan, V.
Affiliations
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (IN)
Corresponding author
Mohan, Viswanathan
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2009-09-28
Volume
4
Issue
9
Pages
e7185
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0007185
PMC
PMC2748692
OpenAlex
W2008310014
Cited by
308
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 9
FWCI
7.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
Keywords
depression prevalence, sex differences in depression, socioeconomic status, marital status, depressive symptoms
MeSH terms
Adult, Depression, Female, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Rural Health, Rural Population, Social Class, Urban Health, Urban Population, Prevalence, Odds Ratio

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review