CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 228Iron Metabolism and DisordersNutritional Studies and DietTrace Elements in Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Body Iron Stores and Heme-Iron Intake in Relation to Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Open access
Zhao, Zhuoxian, Li, Sheyu, Liu, Guanjian, Yan, Fangfang, Ma, Xuelei, Huang, Zeyu, Tian, Haoming·2012·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041641PMC PMC3406072
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Emerging evidence from biological and epidemiological studies has suggested that body iron stores and heme-iron intake may be related to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to examine the association of body iron stores and heme-iron intake with T2D risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Systematic review and subsequent meta-analysis were conducted by searching MEDLINE database up to June 22, 2012 to identify studies that analyzed the association of body iron stores or dietary heme-iron intake with T2D risk. The meta-analysis was performed using the effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to calculate the pooled risk estimates, while the heterogeneity among studies was examined using the I(2) and Q statistic. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 16 high-quality studies: 12 studies analyzed ferritin levels (4,366 T2D patients and 41,091 controls) and 4 measured heme-iron intake (9,246 T2D patients and 179,689 controls). The combined relative risk (RR) comparing the highest and lowest category of ferritin levels was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.15-2.39) for prospective studies, 2.29 (95% CI: 1.48-3.54) for cross-sectional studies with heterogeneity (Q = 14.84, p = 0.01, I(2) = 66.3%; Q = 44.16, p<0.001, I(2) = 88.7%). The combined RR comparing the highest and lowest category of heme-iron intake was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.21-1.43) with heterogeneity (Q = 1.39, p = 0.71, I(2) = 0%). No publication bias was found. Additional 15 studies that were of good quality, had significant results, and analyzed the association between body iron stores and T2D risk were qualitatively included in the systematic review. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis and systematic review suggest that increased ferritin levels and heme-iron intake are both associated with higher risk of T2D.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0041641

Cites

54 of 54 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 54 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–228 of 228

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Zhao, Z., Li, S., Liu, G., Yan, F., Ma, X., Huang, Z., & Tian, H.
Affiliations
Sichuan University (CN)
Corresponding author
Tian, Haoming
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2012-07-26
Volume
7
Issue
7
Pages
e41641
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0041641
PMC
PMC3406072
OpenAlex
W2124636230
Cited by
227
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 2
FWCI
3.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, iron stores, ferritin, iron metabolism, dietary iron
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Transport, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Heme, Humans, Iron, Risk

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review