PTEN/Akt Signaling Controls Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity through 4E-BP1
Open accessAbstract
Akt, a serine/threonine kinase has been shown to stimulate glycolysis in cancer cells but its role in mitochondrial respiration is unknown. Using PTEN-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF(PTEN-/-)) with hyper-activated Akt as a cell model, we observed a higher respiratory capacity in MEF(PTEN-/-) compared to the wildtype (MEF(WT)). The respiratory phenotype observed in MEF(PTEN-/-) was reproduced in MEF(WT) by gene silencing of PTEN which substantiated its role in regulating mitochondrial function. The increased activities of the respiratory complexes (RCs) I, III and IV were retained in the same relative proportions as those present in MEF(WT), alluding to a possible co-ordinated regulation by PTEN/Akt. Using LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) and Akt inhibitor IV, we showed that the regulation of enzyme activities and protein expressions of the RCs was dependent on PI3K/Akt. There was insignificant difference in the protein expressions of mitochondrial transcription factor: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and its downstream targets, the nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) between MEF(PTEN-/-) and MEF(WT). Similarly, mRNA levels of the same subunits of the RCs detected in Western blots were not significantly different between MEF(PTEN-/-) and MEF(WT) suggesting that the regulation by Akt on mitochondrial function was probably not via gene transcription. On the other hand, a decrease of total 4E-BP1 with a higher expression of its phosphorylated form relative to total 4E-BP1 was found in MEF(PTEN-/-), which inferred that the regulation of mitochondrial respiratory activities by Akt was in part through this protein translation pathway. Notably, gene silencing of 4E-BP1 up-regulated the protein expressions of all RCs and the action of 4E-BP1 appeared to be specific to these mitochondrial proteins. In conclusion, PTEN inactivation bestowed a bioenergetic advantage to the cells by up-regulating mitochondrial respiratory capacity through the 4E-BP1-mediated protein translation pathway.
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A number of studies have demonstrated important roles of both AKT and mTOR in up-regulating glycolysis and respiration in various tissues.
“In turn, a number of studies have demonstrated the important roles of both AKT and mTOR in up-regulating glycolysis and respiration in various tissues [54,55,56,57,58].”
From 20-Hydroxyecdysone Boosts Energy Production and Biosynthetic Processes in Non-Transformed Mouse Cells (2024) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Goo, C. K., Lim, H. Y., Ho, Q. S., Too, H.-P., Clement, M.-V., & Wong, K. P.
- Affiliations
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Wong, Kim Ping
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-09-26
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e45806
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3458951
- OpenAlex
- W2004075497
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National University of Singapore
- Biomedical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- PTEN, Akt signaling, 4E-BP1, mitochondrial respiration, respiratory chain complexes, PI3K/Akt signaling, mRNA translation, PGC-1α, mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chromones, Electron Transport Complex IV, Enzyme Inhibitors, Fibroblasts, Membrane Potentials, Mice, Transgenic, Mitochondria, Morpholines, Phosphoproteins, Protein Biosynthesis, Tricarboxylic Acids, Cell Cycle Proteins, Gene Silencing, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, PTEN Phosphohydrolase, Mice
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