The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Alginic Acid-Coated Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Legumain DNA Vaccine: Effect against Breast Cancer in Mice
Open accessAbstract
Legumain-based DNA vaccines have potential to protect against breast cancer. However, the lack of a safe and efficient oral delivery system restricts its clinical application. Here, we constructed alginic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles (A.C.NPs) as an oral delivery carrier for a legumain DNA vaccine. First, we tested its characteristic in acidic environments in vitro. DNA agarose electrophoresis data show that A.C.NPs protected DNA better from degradation in acidic solution (pH 1.5) than did chitosan nanoparticles (C.NPs). Furthermore, size distribution analysis showed that A.C.NPs tended to aggregate and form micrometer scale complexes in pH<2.7, while dispersing into nanoparticles with an increase in pH. Mice were intragastrically administrated A.C.NPs carrying EGFP plasmids and EGFP expression was detected in the intestinal Peyer's patches. Full-length legumain plasmids were loaded into different delivery carriers, including C.NPs, attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and A.C.NPs. A.C.NPs loaded with empty plasmids served as a control. Oral vaccination was performed in the murine orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model. Our data indicate that tumor volume was significantly smaller in groups using A.C.NPs or attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as carriers. Furthermore, splenocytes co-cultured them with 4T1 cells pre-stimulated with CoCl2, which influenced the translocation of legumain from cytoplasm to plasma membrane, showed a 4.7 and 2.3 folds increase in active cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3(+)/CD8(+)/CD25(+)) when treated with A.C.NPs carriers compared with PBS C.NPs. Our study suggests that C.NPs coated with alginic acid may be a safe and efficient tool for oral delivery of a DNA vaccine. Moreover, a legumain DNA vaccine delivered orally with A.C.NPs can effectively improve autoimmune response and protect against breast cancer in mice.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“It was shown that this vaccine could effectively improve autoimmune response and protect against breast cancer in mice [91].”
From Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects (2013) · cites this paper as [91]
In the citing paper
“Alginic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles have been constructed as an oral delivery carrier for the legumain-based DNA vaccine.”
From Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects (2013) · cites this paper as [91]
In the citing paper
“Polysaccharides isolated from various microalgae ranging from diatoms to green-blue algae demonstrated different activities, although direct anticancer properties were rarely reported [91].”
From Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects (2013) · cites this paper as [91]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013 · Cited by 66,590
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81683-9 · Cited by 29,219
Implantable applications of chitin and chitosan
Khor, E., & Lim, L. Y. (2003) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00026-7 · Cited by 1,672
Roy, K., Mao, H., Huang, S.-K., & Leong, K. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/7385 · Cited by 1,114
Biologically erodable microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems
Mathiowitz, E., Jacob, J. S., Jong, Y. S., Carino, G. P., Chickering, D. E., Chaturvedi, P., Santos, C. A., Vijayaraghavan, K., Montgomery, S., Bassett, M., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386410a0 · Cited by 823
A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice
Yang, Z.-Y., Kong, W., Huang, Y., Roberts, A., Murphy, B., Subbarao, K., & Nabel, G. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02463 · Cited by 688
Targeting tumor-associated macrophages as a novel strategy against breast cancer
Luo, Y. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci27648 · Cited by 551
Yin, L., Ding, J., He, C., Cui, L., Tang, C., & Yin, C. (2009) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.06.055 · Cited by 451
Chitosan nanoparticles for oral drug and gene delivery
Bowman, K., & Leong, K. W. (2006) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/nano.2006.1.2.117 · Cited by 448
A DNA vaccine against VEGF receptor 2 prevents effective angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth
Niethammer, A. G., Xiang, R., Becker, J. C., Wodrich, H., Pertl, U., Karsten, G., Eliceiri, B. P., & Reisfeld, R. A. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1202-794 · Cited by 400
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Borges O, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Romeijn SG, Amidi M, de Sousa A, <etal>et al</etal>.. (2006) Uptake studies in rat Peyer’s patches, cytotoxicity and release studies of alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles for mucosal vaccination. J Control Release 114: 348–358. Epub 2006 Jun 2016. · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–108 of 108
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Vaccine Delivery
Shakya, A. K., & Madhyastha, H. (2016) · Advances in medical technologies and clinical practice book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0610-2.ch002 · Cited by 2
Afridi, M. F., Khan, J. A., Fatimi, A., Nazir, F., Javed, U., & Quraishi, K. S. (2024) · Current Cancer Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/0115680096330684240927094018 · Cited by 1
Nanocomposites for Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery Therapeutics
Figueroa, F. N., Bedoya, D. A., Strumia, M. C., & Macchione, M. A. (2021) · Materials horizons · doi:10.1007/978-981-33-4753-3_9 · Cited by 1
Breast Cancer Vaccine – Prioritizing Deterrence
Yadav, C. S. K. (2015) · Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics
Sweet Fairytale: Carbohydrates as Backbones for Glyconanomedicine
Mizrahy, S., Landesman‐Milo, D., & Peer, D. (2013) · Israel Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ijch.201300068
Immunoengineering-gene delivery
Arabi, L. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21521-6.00003-x
The potential of organic nanoparticles and plant-derived adjuvants for vaccine design
Márquez-Escobar, V., Miranda-López, A., Vimolmangkang, S., & Rosales‐Mendoza, S. (2026) · Therapeutic Delivery · doi:10.1080/20415990.2026.2633967
Cancer immunotherapy : efficacy and safety of a melanin-based vaccine
Cuzzubbo, S. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/2e1d38a6z8d99z458dza769zb7bccda2b709
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, Z., Lv, D., Liu, S., Gong, J., Wang, D., Xiong, M., Chen, X., Xiang, R., & Tan, X.
- Affiliations
- Nankai University (CN)
- Tianjin University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Xiaoyue
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-04-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e60190
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3618226
- OpenAlex
- W1993169857
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81273331, 2013CB967201, 973 Program, 81270774)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2013CB967201)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- legumain, DNA vaccine, breast cancer, chitosan nanoparticles, oral vaccine delivery, attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, 4T1 breast cancer, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Peyer's patches, nanoparticle aggregation
- MeSH terms
- Asparaginyl Endopeptidase, Alginates, Animals, Antigen-Presenting Cells, Biological Transport, Cysteine Endopeptidases, Drug Carriers, Female, Gastric Mucosa, Hexuronic Acids, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Macrophages, Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Peyer's Patches, T-Lymphocytes, Vaccines, DNA, Cancer Vaccines, Glucuronic Acid, Chitosan, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Nanoparticles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
