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Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics

Open access
Perron, Gabriel G., Whyte, Lyle, Turnbaugh, Peter J., Goordial, Jacqueline, Hanage, William P., Dantas, Gautam, Desai, Michael M.·2015·PLOS ONE

Abstract

Using functional metagenomics to study the resistomes of bacterial communities isolated from different layers of the Canadian high Arctic permafrost, we show that microbial communities harbored diverse resistance mechanisms at least 5,000 years ago. Among bacteria sampled from the ancient layers of a permafrost core, we isolated eight genes conferring clinical levels of resistance against aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics that are naturally produced by microorganisms. Among these resistance genes, four also conferred resistance against amikacin, a modern semi-synthetic antibiotic that does not naturally occur in microorganisms. In bacteria sampled from the overlaying active layer, we isolated ten different genes conferring resistance to all six antibiotics tested in this study, including aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline variants that are naturally produced by microorganisms as well as semi-synthetic variants produced in the laboratory. On average, we found that resistance genes found in permafrost bacteria conferred lower levels of resistance against clinically relevant antibiotics than resistance genes sampled from the active layer. Our results demonstrate that antibiotic resistance genes were functionally diverse prior to the anthropogenic use of antibiotics, contributing to the evolution of natural reservoirs of resistance genes.

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Metadata

Authors
Perron, G. G., Whyte, L., Turnbaugh, P. J., Goordial, J., Hanage, W. P., Dantas, G., & Desai, M. M.
Venue
PLOS ONE
Published
2015-03-25
Volume
10
Issue
3
Pages
e0069533
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2142304411
Cited by
229
References
8
FWCI
6.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1371/journal.pone.0069533
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Perron, G. G., Whyte, L., Turnbaugh, P. J., Goordial, J., Hanage, W. P., Dantas, G., & Desai, M. M. (2015). Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics. PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069533

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