Effects of x-ray radiation on complex visual discrimination learning and social recognition memory in rats
Open accessAbstract
The present report describes an animal model for examining the effects of radiation on a range of neurocognitive functions in rodents that are similar to a number of basic human cognitive functions. Fourteen male Long-Evans rats were trained to perform an automated intra-dimensional set shifting task that consisted of their learning a basic discrimination between two stimulus shapes followed by more complex discrimination stages (e.g., a discrimination reversal, a compound discrimination, a compound reversal, a new shape discrimination, and an intra-dimensional stimulus discrimination reversal). One group of rats was exposed to head-only X-ray radiation (2.3 Gy at a dose rate of 1.9 Gy/min), while a second group received a sham-radiation exposure using the same anesthesia protocol. The irradiated group responded less, had elevated numbers of omitted trials, increased errors, and greater response latencies compared to the sham-irradiated control group. Additionally, social odor recognition memory was tested after radiation exposure by assessing the degree to which rats explored wooden beads impregnated with either their own odors or with the odors of novel, unfamiliar rats; however, no significant effects of radiation on social odor recognition memory were observed. These data suggest that rodent tasks assessing higher-level human cognitive domains are useful in examining the effects of radiation on the CNS, and may be applicable in approximating CNS risks from radiation exposure in clinical populations receiving whole brain irradiation.
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The threshold doses required to generate specific measurable physiological effects can be very different between species and even between strains within species.
“the threshold doses required to generate specific measurable physiological effects can be very different between species and even between strains within species [83].”
From Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit (2014) · cites this paper as [83]
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Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit
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- Authors
- Davis, C. M., Roma, P. G., Armour, E., Gooden, V. L., Brady, J. V., Weed, M. R., & Hienz, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davis, Catherine M.
- Roma, Peter G.
- Armour, Elwood
- Gooden, Virginia L.
- Brady, Joseph V.
- Weed, Michael R.
- Hienz, Robert D.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-08-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e104393
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4123910
- OpenAlex
- W1988620942
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NBPF02802, PF02602, NBPF01604, NCC958)
- Johns Hopkins University
- National Space Biomedical Research Institute (PF02602, NBPF02802, NCC 9‐58)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Keywords
- X-rays, cognitive impairment, compound discrimination, whole brain radiotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Humans, Learning, Male, Memory, Social Behavior, Visual Perception, X-Rays, Rats, Long-Evans, Rats
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