Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae - A Primary Cause of Severe Pneumonia Epizootics in the Norwegian Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) Population
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The Norwegian muskox (Ovibos moschatus) population lives on the high mountain plateau of Dovre and originates from animals introduced from Greenland. In the late summers of 2006 and 2012, severe outbreaks of pneumonia with mortality rates of 25-30% occurred. During the 2012 epidemic high quality samples from culled sick animals were obtained for microbiological and pathological examinations. High throughput sequencing (pyrosequencing) of pneumonic lung tissue revealed high concentrations of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in all six animals examined by this method and Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida in four animals, whereas no virus sequences could be identified. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and P. multocida multocida were also isolated by culture. Using real time PCR on lung swabs, M. ovipneumoniae was detected in all of the 19 pneumonic lungs examined. Gross pathological examination revealed heavy consolidations primarily in the cranial parts of the lungs and it also identified one case of otitis media. Histologically, lung lesions were characterized as acute to subacute mixed exudative and moderately proliferative bronchoalveolar pneumonia. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination revealed high load of M. ovipneumoniae antigens within lung lesions, with particularly intensive staining in the neutrophils. Similar IHC finding were observed in archived lung tissue blocks from animals examined during the 2006 epidemic. An M. ovipneumoniae specific ELISA was applied on bio-banked muskox sera from stray muskoxen killed in the period 2004-2013 and sick muskoxen culled, as well as sera from wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) on Dovre and muskoxen from Greenland. Serology and mycoplasma culturing was also carried out on sheep that had been on pasture in the muskox area during the outbreak in 2012. Our findings indicated separate introductions of M. ovipneumoniae infection in 2006 and 2012 from infected co-grazing sheep. Salt licks shared by the two species were a possible route of transmitting infection.
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Outbreaks of Pasteurella spp., Mycoplasma spp., and parapox virus in muskoxen in Dovrefjell, Norway, have been identified in declining populations.
“and outbreaks of Pasteurella spp., Mycoplasma spp., and parapox virus in muskoxen in the Dovrefjell, Norway, have been identified in declining populations (Ytrehus et al. 2008, 2015; Handeland et al. 2014).”
From Muskox status, recent variation, and uncertain future (2020) · cites this paper as Handeland et al. 2014
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DISEASE COMPLEXITY IN A DECLINING ALASKAN MUSKOX (<i>OVIBOS MOSCHATUS</i>) POPULATION
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- Authors
- Handeland, K., Tengs, T., Kokotovic, B., Vikøren, T., Ayling, R. D., Bergsjø, B., Sigurðardóttir, Ó. G., & Bretten, T.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute (NO)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (GB)
- University of Iceland (IS)
- Corresponding author
- Handeland, Kjell
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-09-08
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e106116
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4157772
- OpenAlex
- W1992420678
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Miljødirektoratet
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Disease Case Reports and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Keywords
- Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Ovibos moschatus, Pasteurella multocida, otitis media, serology, interspecies transmission, salt licks, reindeer, Dovre, immunohistochemistry, next-generation sequencing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Cattle, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Norway, DNA Primers, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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