Cited by 140Silicon Effects in AgricultureHeavy metals in environmentAgricultural Science and Fertilization

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Impacts of Steel-Slag-Based Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Acidity and Silicon Availability and Metals-Immobilization in a Paddy Soil

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Ning, Dongfeng, Liang, Yongchao, Liu, Zhandong, Xiao, Junfu, Duan, Aiwang·2016·PLOS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0168163PMC PMC5156425

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Abstract

Slag-based silicate fertilizer has been widely used to improve soil silicon- availability and crop productivity. A consecutive early rice-late rice rotation experiment was conducted to test the impacts of steel slag on soil pH, silicon availability, rice growth and metals-immobilization in paddy soil. Our results show that application of slag at a rate above higher or equal to 1 600 mg plant-available SiO2 per kg soil increased soil pH, dry weight of rice straw and grain, plant-available Si concentration and Si concentration in rice shoots compared with the control treatment. No significant accumulation of total cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) was noted in soil; rather, the exchangeable fraction of Cd significantly decreased. The cadmium concentrations in rice grains decreased significantly compared with the control treatment. In conclusion, application of steel slag reduced soil acidity, increased plant-availability of silicon, promoted rice growth and inhibited Cd transport to rice grain in the soil-plant system.

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Fig 1 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on soil pH. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 2 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on plant available-silicon concentration in soil. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 3 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on on dry weight of rice organs. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 4 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on silicon concentration in rice straw. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 5 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on total heavy metal concentration in soil. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 6 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on relative content of Cd and Pb in each fraction of soil.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 7 Effect of steel slag fertilizer application on heavy metal uptake by rice grain. Data are means of three replicates. Mean values followed by different letters (a, b, c) in the same season are significantly different (P< 0.05).CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Ning, D., Liang, Y., Liu, Z., Xiao, J., & Duan, A.
Affiliations: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
Zhejiang University (CN)
Corresponding author: Ning, Dongfeng
ORCID: Ning, Dongfeng
Liang, Yongchao
Liu, Zhandong
Duan, Aiwang
Venue: PLOS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2016-12-14
Volume: 11
Issue: 12
Pages: e0168163
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168163
PMC: PMC5156425
OpenAlex: W2564815830
Cited by: 135
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3
FWCI: 8.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: The National Natural Science Foundation of China entitled “Immobilization of heavy metals in a contaminated paddy soil using nano-slag-based silicon fertilizer and ecological assessment” (51509249)
The 12 th Five-year Key Programs entitled “Techniques for Agricultural Use of Steel and Iron Slag: Research and Demonstration”, (2013BAB03B02)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Silicon Effects in Agriculture
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Keywords: steel slag, silicate fertilizer, soil acidity, soil pH, silicon availability, paddy soil, rice, cadmium immobilization, lead, heavy metal immobilization, slag utilization
MeSH terms: Cadmium, Fertilizers, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lead, Metals, Oryza, Silicon Dioxide, Silicon, Soil, Soil Pollutants, Steel, Silicates, Metals, Heavy

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Impacts of Steel-Slag-Based Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Acidity and Silicon Availability and Metals-Immobilization in a Paddy Soil

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